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PERLCYGWIN(1)                         Perl Programmers Reference Guide                         PERLCYGWIN(1)



NAME
       README.cygwin - Perl for Cygwin

SYNOPSIS
       This document will help you configure, make, test and install Perl on Cygwin.  This document also
       describes features of Cygwin that will affect how Perl behaves at runtime.

       NOTE: There are pre-built Perl packages available for Cygwin and a version of Perl is provided in the
       normal Cygwin install.  If you do not need to customize the configuration, consider using one of
       those packages.

PREREQUISITES FOR COMPILING PERL ON CYGWIN
   Cygwin = GNU+Cygnus+Windows (Don't leave UNIX without it)
       The Cygwin tools are ports of the popular GNU development tools for Win32 platforms.  They run thanks
       to the Cygwin library which provides the UNIX system calls and environment these programs expect.
       More information about this project can be found at:

         F<http://www.cygwin.com/>

       A recent net or commercial release of Cygwin is required.

       At the time this document was last updated, Cygwin 1.5.24 was current.

   Cygwin Configuration
       While building Perl some changes may be necessary to your Cygwin setup so that Perl builds cleanly.
       These changes are not required for normal Perl usage.

       NOTE: The binaries that are built will run on all Win32 versions.  They do not depend on your host
       system (Win9x/WinME, WinNT/Win2K) or your Cygwin configuration (ntea, ntsec, binary/text mounts).
       The only dependencies come from hard-coded pathnames like "/usr/local".  However, your host system
       and Cygwin configuration will affect Perl's runtime behavior (see "TEST").

       •   "PATH"

           Set the "PATH" environment variable so that Configure finds the Cygwin versions of programs.  Any
           Windows directories should be removed or moved to the end of your "PATH".

       •   nroff

           If you do not have nroff (which is part of the groff package), Configure will not prompt you to
           install man pages.

       •   Permissions

           On WinNT with either the ntea or ntsec "CYGWIN" settings, directory and file permissions may not
           be set correctly.  Since the build process creates directories and files, to be safe you may want
           to run a "chmod -R +w *" on the entire Perl source tree.

           Also, it is a well known WinNT "feature" that files created by a login that is a member of the
           Administrators group will be owned by the Administrators group.  Depending on your umask, you may
           find that you can not write to files that you just created (because you are no longer the owner).
           When using the ntsec "CYGWIN" setting, this is not an issue because it "corrects" the ownership
           to what you would expect on a UNIX system.

CONFIGURE PERL ON CYGWIN
       The default options gathered by Configure with the assistance of hints/cygwin.sh will build a Perl
       that supports dynamic loading (which requires a shared libperl.dll).

       This will run Configure and keep a record:

         ./Configure 2>&1 | tee log.configure

       If you are willing to accept all the defaults run Configure with -de.  However, several useful
       customizations are available.

   Stripping Perl Binaries on Cygwin
       It is possible to strip the EXEs and DLLs created by the build process.  The resulting binaries will
       be significantly smaller.  If you want the binaries to be stripped, you can either add a -s option
       when Configure prompts you,

         Any additional ld flags (NOT including libraries)? [none] -s
         Any special flags to pass to g++ to create a dynamically loaded library?
         [none] -s
         Any special flags to pass to gcc to use dynamic linking? [none] -s

       or you can edit hints/cygwin.sh and uncomment the relevant variables near the end of the file.

   Optional Libraries for Perl on Cygwin
       Several Perl functions and modules depend on the existence of some optional libraries.  Configure
       will find them if they are installed in one of the directories listed as being used for library
       searches.  Pre-built packages for most of these are available from the Cygwin installer.

       •   "-lcrypt"

           The crypt package distributed with Cygwin is a Linux compatible 56-bit DES crypt port by Corinna
           Vinschen.

           Alternatively, the crypt libraries in GNU libc have been ported to Cygwin.

           The DES based Ultra Fast Crypt port was done by Alexey Truhan:

             ftp://ftp.franken.de/pub/win32/develop/gnuwin32/cygwin/porters/Okhapkin_Sergey/cw32crypt-dist-0.tgz

           NOTE: There are various export restrictions on DES implementations, see the glibc README for more
           details.

           The MD5 port was done by Andy Piper:

             ftp://ftp.franken.de/pub/win32/develop/gnuwin32/cygwin/porters/Okhapkin_Sergey/libcrypt.tgz

       •   "-lgdbm_compat" ("use GDBM_File")

           GDBM is available for Cygwin.

           NOTE: The GDBM library only works on NTFS partitions.

       •   "-ldb" ("use DB_File")

           BerkeleyDB is available for Cygwin.

           NOTE: The BerkeleyDB library only completely works on NTFS partitions and db-4.3 is flawed.

       •   "cygserver" ("use IPC::SysV")

           A port of SysV IPC is available for Cygwin.

           NOTE: This has not been extensively tested.  In particular, "d_semctl_semun" is undefined because
           it fails a Configure test and on Win9x the shm*() functions seem to hang.  It also creates a
           compile time dependency because perl.h includes <sys/ipc.h> and <sys/sem.h> (which will be
           required in the future when compiling CPAN modules). CURRENTLY NOT SUPPORTED!

       •   "-lutil"

           Included with the standard Cygwin netrelease is the inetutils package which includes libutil.a.

   Configure-time Options for Perl on Cygwin
       The INSTALL document describes several Configure-time options.  Some of these will work with Cygwin,
       others are not yet possible.  Also, some of these are experimental.  You can either select an option
       when Configure prompts you or you can define (undefine) symbols on the command line.

       •   "-Uusedl"

           Undefining this symbol forces Perl to be compiled statically.

       •   "-Uusemymalloc"

           By default Perl uses the "malloc()" included with the Perl source.  If you want to force Perl to
           build with the system "malloc()" undefine this symbol.

       •   "-Uuseperlio"

           Undefining this symbol disables the PerlIO abstraction.  PerlIO is now the default; it is not
           recommended to disable PerlIO.

       •   "-Dusemultiplicity"

           Multiplicity is required when embedding Perl in a C program and using more than one interpreter
           instance.  This works with the Cygwin port.

       •   "-Duse64bitint"

           By default Perl uses 32 bit integers.  If you want to use larger 64 bit integers, define this
           symbol.

       •   "-Duselongdouble"

           gcc supports long doubles (12 bytes).  However, several additional long double math functions are
           necessary to use them within Perl ({atan2, cos, exp, floor, fmod, frexp, isnan, log, modf, pow,
           sin, sqrt}l, strtold).  These are not yet available with Cygwin.

       •   "-Dusethreads"

           POSIX threads are implemented in Cygwin, define this symbol if you want a threaded perl.

       •   "-Duselargefiles"

           Cygwin uses 64-bit integers for internal size and position calculations, this will be correctly
           detected and defined by Configure.

       •   "-Dmksymlinks"

           Use this to build perl outside of the source tree.  This works with Cygwin.  Details can be found
           in the INSTALL document.  This is the recommended way to build perl from sources.

   Suspicious Warnings on Cygwin
       You may see some messages during Configure that seem suspicious.

       •   Win9x and "d_eofnblk"

           Win9x does not correctly report "EOF" with a non-blocking read on a closed pipe.  You will see
           the following messages:

             But it also returns -1 to signal EOF, so be careful!
             WARNING: you can't distinguish between EOF and no data!

             *** WHOA THERE!!! ***
                 The recommended value for $d_eofnblk on this machine was "define"!
                 Keep the recommended value? [y]

           At least for consistency with WinNT, you should keep the recommended value.

       •   Compiler/Preprocessor defines

           The following error occurs because of the Cygwin "#define" of "_LONG_DOUBLE":

             Guessing which symbols your C compiler and preprocessor define...
             try.c:<line#>: missing binary operator

           This failure does not seem to cause any problems.  With older gcc versions, "parse error" is
           reported instead of "missing binary operator".

MAKE ON CYGWIN
       Simply run make and wait:

         make 2>&1 | tee log.make

TEST ON CYGWIN
       There are two steps to running the test suite:

         make test 2>&1 | tee log.make-test

         cd t; ./perl harness 2>&1 | tee ../log.harness

       The same tests are run both times, but more information is provided when running as "./perl harness".

       Test results vary depending on your host system and your Cygwin configuration.  If a test can pass in
       some Cygwin setup, it is always attempted and explainable test failures are documented.  It is
       possible for Perl to pass all the tests, but it is more likely that some tests will fail for one of
       the reasons listed below.

   File Permissions on Cygwin
       UNIX file permissions are based on sets of mode bits for {read,write,execute} for each
       {user,group,other}.  By default Cygwin only tracks the Win32 read-only attribute represented as the
       UNIX file user write bit (files are always readable, files are executable if they have a
       .{com,bat,exe} extension or begin with "#!", directories are always readable and executable).  On
       WinNT with the ntea "CYGWIN" setting, the additional mode bits are stored as extended file
       attributes.  On WinNT with the default ntsec "CYGWIN" setting, permissions use the standard WinNT
       security descriptors and access control lists. Without one of these options, these tests will fail
       (listing not updated yet):

         Failed Test           List of failed
         ------------------------------------io/fs.t -----------------------------------io/fs.t
         io/fs.t               5, 7, 9-10
         lib/anydbm.t          2
         lib/db-btree.t        20
         lib/db-hash.t         16
         lib/db-recno.t        18
         lib/gdbm.t            2
         lib/ndbm.t            2
         lib/odbm.t            2
         lib/sdbm.t            2
         op/stat.t             9, 20 (.tmp not an executable extension)

   NDBM_File and ODBM_File do not work on FAT filesystems
       Do not use NDBM_File or ODBM_File on FAT filesystem.  They can be built on a FAT filesystem, but many
       tests will fail:

        ../ext/NDBM_File/ndbm.t       13  3328    71   59  83.10%  1-2 4 16-71
        ../ext/ODBM_File/odbm.t      255 65280    ??   ??       %  ??
        ../lib/AnyDBM_File.t           2   512    12    2  16.67%  1 4
        ../lib/Memoize/t/errors.t      0   139    11    5  45.45%  7-11
        ../lib/Memoize/t/tie_ndbm.t   13  3328     4    4 100.00%  1-4
        run/fresh_perl.t                          97    1   1.03%  91

       If you intend to run only on FAT (or if using AnyDBM_File on FAT), run Configure with the -Ui_ndbm
       and -Ui_dbm options to prevent NDBM_File and ODBM_File being built.

       With NTFS (and no CYGWIN=nontsec), there should be no problems even if perl was built on FAT.

   "fork()" failures in io_* tests
       A "fork()" failure may result in the following tests failing:

         ext/IO/lib/IO/t/io_multihomed.t
         ext/IO/lib/IO/t/io_sock.t
         ext/IO/lib/IO/t/io_unix.t

       See comment on fork in Miscellaneous below.

Specific features of the Cygwin port
   Script Portability on Cygwin
       Cygwin does an outstanding job of providing UNIX-like semantics on top of Win32 systems.  However, in
       addition to the items noted above, there are some differences that you should know about.  This is a
       very brief guide to portability, more information can be found in the Cygwin documentation.

       •   Pathnames

           Cygwin pathnames can be separated by forward (/) or backward (\\) slashes.  They may also begin
           with drive letters (C:) or Universal Naming Codes (//UNC).  DOS device names (aux, con, prn,
           com*, lpt?, nul) are invalid as base filenames.  However, they can be used in extensions (e.g.,
           hello.aux).  Names may contain all printable characters except these:

             : * ? " < > |

           File names are case insensitive, but case preserving.  A pathname that contains a backslash or
           drive letter is a Win32 pathname (and not subject to the translations applied to POSIX style
           pathnames).

           For conversion we have "Cygwin::win_to_posix_path()" and "Cygwin::posix_to_win_path()".

           Pathnames may not contain Unicode characters. "Cygwin" still uses the ANSI API calls and no
           Unicode calls because of newlib deficiencies.  There's an unofficial unicode patch for cygwin at
           http://www.okisoft.co.jp/esc/utf8-cygwin/

       •   Text/Binary

           When a file is opened it is in either text or binary mode.  In text mode a file is subject to
           CR/LF/Ctrl-Z translations.  With Cygwin, the default mode for an "open()" is determined by the
           mode of the mount that underlies the file. See "Cygwin::is_binmount()". Perl provides a
           "binmode()" function to set binary mode on files that otherwise would be treated as text.
           "sysopen()" with the "O_TEXT" flag sets text mode on files that otherwise would be treated as
           binary:

               sysopen(FOO, "bar", O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_TEXT)

           "lseek()", "tell()" and "sysseek()" only work with files opened in binary mode.

           The text/binary issue is covered at length in the Cygwin documentation.

       •   PerlIO

           PerlIO overrides the default Cygwin Text/Binary behaviour.  A file will always be treated as
           binary, regardless of the mode of the mount it lives on, just like it is in UNIX.  So CR/LF
           translation needs to be requested in either the "open()" call like this:

             open(FH, ">:crlf", "out.txt");

           which will do conversion from LF to CR/LF on the output, or in the environment settings (add this
           to your .bashrc):

             export PERLIO=crlf

           which will pull in the crlf PerlIO layer which does LF -> CRLF conversion on every output
           generated by perl.

       •   .exe

           The Cygwin "stat()", "lstat()" and "readlink()" functions make the .exe extension transparent by
           looking for foo.exe when you ask for foo (unless a foo also exists).  Cygwin does not require a
           .exe extension, but gcc adds it automatically when building a program.  However, when accessing
           an executable as a normal file (e.g., cp in a makefile) the .exe is not transparent.  The install
           included with Cygwin automatically appends a .exe when necessary.

       •   Cygwin vs. Windows process ids

           Cygwin processes have their own pid, which is different from the underlying windows pid.  Most
           posix compliant Proc functions expect the cygwin pid, but several Win32::Process functions expect
           the winpid. E.g. $$ is the cygwin pid of /usr/bin/perl, which is not the winpid.  Use
           "Cygwin::winpid_to_pid()" and "Cygwin::winpid_to_pid()" to translate between them.

       •   Cygwin vs. Windows errors

           Under Cygwin, $^E is the same as $!.  When using Win32 API Functions, use "Win32::GetLastError()"
           to get the last Windows error.

       •   "chown()"

           On WinNT "chown()" can change a file's user and group IDs.  On Win9x "chown()" is a no-op,
           although this is appropriate since there is no security model.

       •   Miscellaneous

           File locking using the "F_GETLK" command to "fcntl()" is a stub that returns "ENOSYS".

           Win9x can not "rename()" an open file (although WinNT can).

           The Cygwin "chroot()" implementation has holes (it can not restrict file access by native Win32
           programs).

           Inplace editing "perl -i" of files doesn't work without doing a backup of the file being edited
           "perl -i.bak" because of windowish restrictions, therefore Perl adds the suffix ".bak"
           automatically if you use "perl -i" without specifying a backup extension.

           Using "fork()" after loading multiple dlls may fail with an internal cygwin error like the
           following:

             C:\CYGWIN\BIN\PERL.EXE: *** couldn't allocate memory 0x10000(4128768) for 'C:\CYGWIN\LIB\PERL5\5.6.1\CYGWIN-MULTI\AUTO\SOCKET\SOCKET.DLL' alignment, Win32 error 8

               200 [main] perl 377147 sync_with_child: child -395691(0xB8) died before initialization with status code 0x1
              1370 [main] perl 377147 sync_with_child: *** child state child loading dlls

           Use the rebase utility to resolve the conflicting dll addresses.  The rebase package is included
           in the Cygwin netrelease.  Use setup.exe from http://www.cygwin.com/setup.exe to install it and
           run rebaseall.

   Prebuilt methods:
       "Cwd::cwd"
           Returns the current working directory.

       "Cygwin::pid_to_winpid"
           Translates a cygwin pid to the corresponding Windows pid (which may or may not be the same).

       "Cygwin::winpid_to_pid"
           Translates a Windows pid to the corresponding cygwin pid (if any).

       "Cygwin::win_to_posix_path"
           Translates a Windows path to the corresponding cygwin path respecting the current mount points.
           With a second non-null argument returns an absolute path. Double-byte characters will not be
           translated.

       "Cygwin::posix_to_win_path"
           Translates a cygwin path to the corresponding cygwin path respecting the current mount points.
           With a second non-null argument returns an absolute path. Double-byte characters will not be
           translated.

       "Cygwin::mount_table()"
           Returns an array of [mnt_dir, mnt_fsname, mnt_type, mnt_opts].

             perl -e 'for $i (Cygwin::mount_table) {print join(" ",@$i),"\n";}'
             /bin c:\cygwin\bin system binmode,cygexec
             /usr/bin c:\cygwin\bin system binmode
             /usr/lib c:\cygwin\lib system binmode
             / c:\cygwin system binmode
             /cygdrive/c c: system binmode,noumount
             /cygdrive/d d: system binmode,noumount
             /cygdrive/e e: system binmode,noumount

       "Cygwin::mount_flags"
           Returns the mount type and flags for a specified mount point.  A comma-separated string of
           mntent->mnt_type (always "system" or "user"), then the mntent->mnt_opts, where the first is
           always "binmode" or "textmode".

             system|user,binmode|textmode,exec,cygexec,cygdrive,mixed,
             notexec,managed,nosuid,devfs,proc,noumount

           If the argument is "/cygdrive", then just the volume mount settings, and the cygdrive mount
           prefix are returned.

           User mounts override system mounts.

             $ perl -e 'print Cygwin::mount_flags "/usr/bin"'
             system,binmode,cygexec
             $ perl -e 'print Cygwin::mount_flags "/cygdrive"'
             binmode,cygdrive,/cygdrive

       "Cygwin::is_binmount"
           Returns true if the given cygwin path is binary mounted, false if the path is mounted in
           textmode.

INSTALL PERL ON CYGWIN
       This will install Perl, including man pages.

         make install 2>&1 | tee log.make-install

       NOTE: If "STDERR" is redirected "make install" will not prompt you to install perl into /usr/bin.

       You may need to be Administrator to run "make install".  If you are not, you must have write access
       to the directories in question.

       Information on installing the Perl documentation in HTML format can be found in the INSTALL document.

MANIFEST ON CYGWIN
       These are the files in the Perl release that contain references to Cygwin.  These very brief notes
       attempt to explain the reason for all conditional code.  Hopefully, keeping this up to date will
       allow the Cygwin port to be kept as clean as possible.

       Documentation
             INSTALL README.cygwin README.win32 MANIFEST
             pod/perl.pod pod/perlport.pod pod/perlfaq3.pod
             pod/perldelta.pod pod/perl5004delta.pod pod/perl56delta.pod
             pod/perl561delta.pod pod/perl570delta.pod pod/perl572delta.pod
             pod/perl573delta.pod pod/perl58delta.pod pod/perl581delta.pod
             pod/perl590delta.pod pod/perlhist.pod pod/perlmodlib.pod
             pod/perltoc.pod pod.lst Porting/Glossary pod/perlrepository.pod
             Porting/checkAUTHORS.pl
             ext/Compress-Raw-Zlib/Changes ext/Compress-Raw-Zlib/README
             ext/Compress-Zlib/Changes cpan/Cwd/Changes ext/DB_File/Changes
             ext/Encode/Changes ext/Sys-Syslog/Changes ext/Time-HiRes/Changes
             ext/Win32API-File/Changes lib/CGI/Changes lib/ExtUtils/CBuilder/Changes
             lib/ExtUtils/Changes lib/ExtUtils/NOTES lib/ExtUtils/PATCHING
             lib/ExtUtils/README lib/Module/Build/Changes lib/Net/Ping/Changes
             lib/Test/Harness/Changes
             lib/Term/ANSIColor/ChangeLog lib/Term/ANSIColor/README
             README.symbian symbian/TODO

       Build, Configure, Make, Install
             cygwin/Makefile.SHs
             ext/IPC/SysV/hints/cygwin.pl
             ext/NDBM_File/hints/cygwin.pl
             ext/ODBM_File/hints/cygwin.pl
             hints/cygwin.sh
             Configure             - help finding hints from uname,
                                     shared libperl required for dynamic loading
             Makefile.SH Cross/Makefile-cross-SH
                                   - linklibperl
             Porting/patchls       - cygwin in port list
             installman            - man pages with :: translated to .
             installperl           - install dll, install to 'pods'
             makedepend.SH         - uwinfix
             regen_lib.pl          - file permissions

             NetWare/Makefile
             plan9/mkfile
             symbian/sanity.pl symbian/sisify.pl
             hints/uwin.sh
             vms/descrip_mms.template
             win32/Makefile win32/makefile.mk

       Tests
             t/io/fs.t             - no file mode checks if not ntsec
                                     skip rename() check when not check_case:relaxed
             t/io/tell.t           - binmode
             t/lib/cygwin.t        - builtin cygwin function tests
             t/op/groups.t         - basegroup has ID = 0
             t/op/magic.t          - $^X/symlink WORKAROUND, s/.exe//
             t/op/stat.t           - no /dev, skip Win32 ftCreationTime quirk
                                     (cache manager sometimes preserves ctime of file
                                     previously created and deleted), no -u (setuid)
             t/op/taint.t          - can't use empty path under Cygwin Perl
             t/op/time.t           - no tzset()

       Compiled Perl Source
             EXTERN.h              - __declspec(dllimport)
             XSUB.h                - __declspec(dllexport)
             cygwin/cygwin.c       - os_extras (getcwd, spawn, and several Cygwin:: functions)
             perl.c                - os_extras, -i.bak
             perl.h                - binmode
             doio.c                - win9x can not rename a file when it is open
             pp_sys.c              - do not define h_errno, init _pwent_struct.pw_comment
             util.c                - use setenv
             util.h                - PERL_FILE_IS_ABSOLUTE macro
             pp.c                  - Comment about Posix vs IEEE math under Cygwin
             perlio.c              - CR/LF mode
             perliol.c             - Comment about EXTCONST under Cygwin

       Compiled Module Source
             ext/Compress-Raw-Zlib/Makefile.PL
                                   - Can't install via CPAN shell under Cygwin
             ext/Compress-Raw-Zlib/zlib-src/zutil.h
                                   - Cygwin is Unix-like and has vsnprintf
             ext/Errno/Errno_pm.PL - Special handling for Win32 Perl under Cygwin
             ext/POSIX/POSIX.xs    - tzname defined externally
             ext/SDBM_File/sdbm/pair.c
                                   - EXTCONST needs to be redefined from EXTERN.h
             ext/SDBM_File/sdbm/sdbm.c
                                   - binary open
             ext/Sys/Syslog/Syslog.xs
                                   - Cygwin has syslog.h
             ext/Sys/Syslog/win32/compile.pl
                                   - Convert paths to Windows paths
             ext/Time-HiRes/HiRes.xs
                                   - Various timers not available
             ext/Time-HiRes/Makefile.PL
                                   - Find w32api/windows.h
             ext/Win32/Makefile.PL - Use various libraries under Cygwin
             ext/Win32/Win32.xs    - Child dir and child env under Cygwin
             ext/Win32API-File/File.xs
                                   - _open_osfhandle not implemented under Cygwin
             ext/Win32CORE/Win32CORE.c
                                   - __declspec(dllexport)

       Perl Modules/Scripts
             ext/B/t/OptreeCheck.pm - Comment about stderr/stdout order under Cygwin
             ext/Digest-SHA/bin/shasum
                                   - Use binary mode under Cygwin
             ext/Sys/Syslog/win32/Win32.pm
                                   - Convert paths to Windows paths
             ext/Time-HiRes/HiRes.pm
                                   - Comment about various timers not available
             ext/Win32API-File/File.pm
                                   - _open_osfhandle not implemented under Cygwin
             ext/Win32CORE/Win32CORE.pm
                                   - History of Win32CORE under Cygwin
             lib/CGI.pm            - binmode and path separator
             lib/CPANPLUS/Dist/MM.pm - Commented out code that fails under Win32/Cygwin
             lib/CPANPLUS/Internals/Constants/Report.pm
                                   - OS classifications
             lib/CPANPLUS/Internals/Constants.pm
                                   - Contants for Cygwin
             lib/CPANPLUS/Internals/Report.pm
                                   - Example of Cygwin report
             lib/CPANPLUS/Module.pm
                                   - Abort if running on old Cygwin version
             lib/Cwd.pm            - hook to internal Cwd::cwd
             lib/ExtUtils/CBuilder/Platform/cygwin.pm
                                   - use gcc for ld, and link to libperl.dll.a
             lib/ExtUtils/CBuilder.pm
                                   - Cygwin is Unix-like
             lib/ExtUtils/Install.pm - Install and rename issues under Cygwin
             lib/ExtUtils/MM.pm    - OS classifications
             lib/ExtUtils/MM_Any.pm - Example for Cygwin
             lib/ExtUtils/MakeMaker.pm
                                   - require MM_Cygwin.pm
             lib/ExtUtils/MM_Cygwin.pm
                                   - canonpath, cflags, manifypods, perl_archive
             lib/File/Fetch.pm     - Comment about quotes using a Cygwin example
             lib/File/Find.pm      - on remote drives stat() always sets st_nlink to 1
             lib/File/Spec/Cygwin.pm - case_tolerant
             lib/File/Spec/Unix.pm - preserve //unc
             lib/File/Spec/Win32.pm - References a message on cygwin.com
             lib/File/Spec.pm      - Pulls in lib/File/Spec/Cygwin.pm
             lib/File/Temp.pm      - no directory sticky bit
             lib/Module/Build/Compat.pm - Comment references 'make' under Cygwin
             lib/Module/Build/Platform/cygwin.pm
                                   - Use '.' for man page separator
             lib/Module/Build.pm   - Cygwin is Unix-like
             lib/Module/CoreList.pm - List of all module files and versions
             lib/Net/Domain.pm     - No domainname command under Cygwin
             lib/Net/Netrc.pm      - Bypass using stat() under Cygwin
             lib/Net/Ping.pm       - ECONREFUSED is EAGAIN under Cygwin
             lib/Pod/Find.pm       - Set 'pods' dir
             lib/Pod/Perldoc/ToMan.pm - '-c' switch for pod2man
             lib/Pod/Perldoc.pm    - Use 'less' pager, and use .exe extension
             lib/Term/ANSIColor.pm - Cygwin terminal info
             lib/perl5db.pl        - use stdin not /dev/tty
             utils/perlbug.PL      - Add CYGWIN environment variable to report

       Perl Module Tests
             ext/Compress-Zlib/t/14gzopen.t
             cpan/Cwd/t/cwd.t
             ext/DB_File/t/db-btree.t
             ext/DB_File/t/db-hash.t
             ext/DB_File/t/db-recno.t
             ext/DynaLoader/t/DynaLoader.t
             ext/File-Glob/t/basic.t
             ext/GDBM_File/t/gdbm.t
             ext/POSIX/t/sysconf.t
             ext/POSIX/t/time.t
             ext/SDBM_File/t/sdbm.t
             ext/Sys/Syslog/t/syslog.t
             ext/Time-HiRes/t/HiRes.t
             ext/Win32/t/Unicode.t
             ext/Win32API-File/t/file.t
             ext/Win32CORE/t/win32core.t
             lib/AnyDBM_File.t
             lib/Archive/Extract/t/01_Archive-Extract.t
             lib/Archive/Tar/t/02_methods.t
             lib/CPANPLUS/t/05_CPANPLUS-Internals-Fetch.t
             lib/CPANPLUS/t/20_CPANPLUS-Dist-MM.t
             lib/ExtUtils/t/Embed.t
             lib/ExtUtils/t/eu_command.t
             lib/ExtUtils/t/MM_Cygwin.t
             lib/ExtUtils/t/MM_Unix.t
             lib/File/Compare.t
             lib/File/Copy.t
             lib/File/Find/t/find.t
             lib/File/Path.t
             lib/File/Spec/t/crossplatform.t
             lib/File/Spec/t/Spec.t
             lib/Module/Build/t/destinations.t
             lib/Net/hostent.t
             lib/Net/Ping/t/110_icmp_inst.t
             lib/Net/Ping/t/500_ping_icmp.t
             lib/Net/t/netrc.t
             lib/Pod/Simple/t/perlcyg.pod
             lib/Pod/Simple/t/perlcygo.txt
             lib/Pod/Simple/t/perlfaq.pod
             lib/Pod/Simple/t/perlfaqo.txt
             lib/User/grent.t
             lib/User/pwent.t

BUGS ON CYGWIN
       Support for swapping real and effective user and group IDs is incomplete.  On WinNT Cygwin provides
       "setuid()", "seteuid()", "setgid()" and "setegid()".  However, additional Cygwin calls for
       manipulating WinNT access tokens and security contexts are required.

AUTHORS
       Charles Wilson <cwilson@ece.gatech.edu>, Eric Fifer <egf7@columbia.edu>, alexander smishlajev
       <als@turnhere.com>, Steven Morlock <newspost@morlock.net>, Sebastien Barre <Sebastien.Barre@utc.fr>,
       Teun Burgers <burgers@ecn.nl>, Gerrit P. Haase <gp@familiehaase.de>, Reini Urban <rurban@cpan.org>,
       Jan Dubois <jand@activestate.com>, Jerry D. Hedden <jdhedden@cpan.org>.

HISTORY
       Last updated: 2007-09-25



perl v5.12.5                                     2012-11-03                                    PERLCYGWIN(1)