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PKILL(1)                  BSD General Commands Manual                 PKILL(1)

NAME
     pgrep, pkill -- find or signal processes by name

SYNOPSIS
     pgrep [-Lafilnoqvx] [-F pidfile] [-G gid] [-P ppid] [-U uid] [-d delim] [-g pgrp] [-t tty] [-u euid]
           pattern ...
     pkill [-signal] [-ILafilnovx] [-F pidfile] [-G gid] [-P ppid] [-U uid] [-g pgrp] [-t tty] [-u euid]
           pattern ...

DESCRIPTION
     The pgrep command searches the process table on the running system and prints the process IDs of all
     processes that match the criteria given on the command line.

     The pkill command searches the process table on the running system and signals all processes that match
     the criteria given on the command line.

     The following options are available:

     -F pidfile  Restrict matches to a process whose PID is stored in the pidfile file.

     -G gid      Restrict matches to processes with a real group ID in the comma-separated list gid.

     -I          Request confirmation before attempting to signal each process.

     -L          The pidfile file given for the -F option must be locked with the flock(2) syscall or cre-ated created
                 ated with pidfile(3).

     -P ppid     Restrict matches to processes with a parent process ID in the comma-separated list ppid.

     -U uid      Restrict matches to processes with a real user ID in the comma-separated list uid.

     -d delim    Specify a delimiter to be printed between each process ID.  The default is a newline.  This
                 option can only be used with the pgrep command.

     -a          Include process ancestors in the match list.  By default, the current pgrep or pkill
                 process and all of its ancestors are excluded (unless -v is used).

     -f          Match against full argument lists.  The default is to match against process names.

     -g pgrp     Restrict matches to processes with a process group ID in the comma-separated list pgrp.
                 The value zero is taken to mean the process group ID of the running pgrep or pkill command.

     -i          Ignore case distinctions in both the process table and the supplied pattern.

     -l          Long output.  For pgrep, print the process name in addition to the process ID for each
                 matching process.  If used in conjunction with -f, print the process ID and the full argu-ment argument
                 ment list for each matching process.  For pkill, display the kill command used for each
                 process killed.

     -n          Select only the newest (most recently started) of the matching processes.

     -o          Select only the oldest (least recently started) of the matching processes.

     -q          Do not write anything to standard output.

     -t tty      Restrict matches to processes associated with a terminal in the comma-separated list tty.
                 Terminal names may be of the form ttyxx or the shortened form xx.  A single dash (`-')
                 matches processes not associated with a terminal.

     -u euid     Restrict matches to processes with an effective user ID in the comma-separated list euid.

     -v          Reverse the sense of the matching; display processes that do not match the given criteria.

     -x          Require an exact match of the process name, or argument list if -f is given.  The default
                 is to match any substring.

     -signal     A non-negative decimal number or symbolic signal name specifying the signal to be sent
                 instead of the default TERM.  This option is valid only when given as the first argument to
                 pkill.

     If any pattern operands are specified, they are used as regular expressions to match the command name
     or full argument list of each process.

     Note that a running pgrep or pkill process will never consider itself as a potential match.

EXIT STATUS
     The pgrep and pkill utilities return one of the following values upon exit:

     0       One or more processes were matched.

     1       No processes were matched.

     2       Invalid options were specified on the command line.

     3       An internal error occurred.

SEE ALSO
     kill(1), killall(1), ps(1), flock(2), kill(2), sigaction(2), pidfile(3), re_format(7)

HISTORY
     The pkill and pgrep utilities first appeared in NetBSD 1.6.  They are modelled after utilities of the
     same name that appeared in Sun Solaris 7.  They made their first appearance in FreeBSD 5.3.

AUTHORS
     Andrew Doran <ad@NetBSD.org>

BSD                            February 11, 2010                           BSD