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CA.PL(1)                                           OpenSSL                                          CA.PL(1)



NAME
       CA.pl - friendlier interface for OpenSSL certificate programs

SYNOPSIS
       CA.pl [-?]  [-h] [-help] [-newcert] [-newreq] [-newreq-nodes] [-newca] [-xsign] [-sign] [-signreq]
       [-signcert] [-verify] [files]

DESCRIPTION
       The CA.pl script is a perl script that supplies the relevant command line arguments to the openssl
       command for some common certificate operations.  It is intended to simplify the process of
       certificate creation and management by the use of some simple options.

COMMAND OPTIONS
       ?, -h, -help
           prints a usage message.

       -newcert
           creates a new self signed certificate. The private key is written to the file "newkey.pem" and
           the request written to the file "newreq.pem".

       -newreq
           creates a new certificate request. The private key is written to the file "newkey.pem" and the
           request written to the file "newreq.pem".

       -newreq-nodes
           is like -newreq except that the private key will not be encrypted.

       -newca
           creates a new CA hierarchy for use with the ca program (or the -signcert and -xsign options). The
           user is prompted to enter the filename of the CA certificates (which should also contain the
           private key) or by hitting ENTER details of the CA will be prompted for. The relevant files and
           directories are created in a directory called "demoCA" in the current directory.

       -pkcs12
           create a PKCS#12 file containing the user certificate, private key and CA certificate. It expects
           the user certificate and private key to be in the file "newcert.pem" and the CA certificate to be
           in the file demoCA/cacert.pem, it creates a file "newcert.p12". This command can thus be called
           after the -sign option. The PKCS#12 file can be imported directly into a browser.  If there is an
           additional argument on the command line it will be used as the "friendly name" for the
           certificate (which is typically displayed in the browser list box), otherwise the name "My
           Certificate" is used.

       -sign, -signreq, -xsign
           calls the ca program to sign a certificate request. It expects the request to be in the file
           "newreq.pem". The new certificate is written to the file "newcert.pem" except in the case of the
           -xsign option when it is written to standard output.

       -signCA
           this option is the same as the -signreq option except it uses the configuration file section
           v3_ca and so makes the signed request a valid CA certificate. This is useful when creating
           intermediate CA from a root CA.

       -signcert
           this option is the same as -sign except it expects a self signed certificate to be present in the
           file "newreq.pem".

       -verify
           verifies certificates against the CA certificate for "demoCA". If no certificates are specified
           on the command line it tries to verify the file "newcert.pem".

       files
           one or more optional certificate file names for use with the -verify command.

EXAMPLES
       Create a CA hierarchy:

        CA.pl -newca

       Complete certificate creation example: create a CA, create a request, sign the request and finally
       create a PKCS#12 file containing it.

        CA.pl -newca
        CA.pl -newreq
        CA.pl -signreq
        CA.pl -pkcs12 "My Test Certificate"

DSA CERTIFICATES
       Although the CA.pl creates RSA CAs and requests it is still possible to use it with DSA certificates
       and requests using the req(1) command directly. The following example shows the steps that would
       typically be taken.

       Create some DSA parameters:

        openssl dsaparam -out dsap.pem 1024

       Create a DSA CA certificate and private key:

        openssl req -x509 -newkey dsa:dsap.pem -keyout cacert.pem -out cacert.pem

       Create the CA directories and files:

        CA.pl -newca

       enter cacert.pem when prompted for the CA file name.

       Create a DSA certificate request and private key (a different set of parameters can optionally be
       created first):

        openssl req -out newreq.pem -newkey dsa:dsap.pem

       Sign the request:

        CA.pl -signreq

NOTES
       Most of the filenames mentioned can be modified by editing the CA.pl script.

       If the demoCA directory already exists then the -newca command will not overwrite it and will do
       nothing. This can happen if a previous call using the -newca option terminated abnormally. To get the
       correct behaviour delete the demoCA directory if it already exists.

       Under some environments it may not be possible to run the CA.pl script directly (for example Win32)
       and the default configuration file location may be wrong. In this case the command:

        perl -S CA.pl

       can be used and the OPENSSL_CONF environment variable changed to point to the correct path of the
       configuration file "openssl.cnf".

       The script is intended as a simple front end for the openssl program for use by a beginner. Its
       behaviour isn't always what is wanted. For more control over the behaviour of the certificate
       commands call the openssl command directly.

ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
       The variable OPENSSL_CONF if defined allows an alternative configuration file location to be
       specified, it should contain the full path to the configuration file, not just its directory.

SEE ALSO
       x5_9(1), ca(1), req(1), pkcs12(1), config(5)



50                                               2013-03-05                                         CA.PL(1)