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GIT-FOR-EACH-REF(1)                              Git Manual                              GIT-FOR-EACH-REF(1)



NAME
       git-for-each-ref - Output information on each ref

SYNOPSIS
       git for-each-ref [--count=<count>] [--shell|--perl|--python|--tcl]
                          [(--sort=<key>)...] [--format=<format>] [<pattern>...]


DESCRIPTION
       Iterate over all refs that match <pattern> and show them according to the given <format>, after
       sorting them according to the given set of <key>. If <count> is given, stop after showing that many
       refs. The interpolated values in <format> can optionally be quoted as string literals in the
       specified host language allowing their direct evaluation in that language.

OPTIONS
       <count>
           By default the command shows all refs that match <pattern>. This option makes it stop after
           showing that many refs.

       <key>
           A field name to sort on. Prefix - to sort in descending order of the value. When unspecified,
           refname is used. You may use the --sort=<key> option multiple times, in which case the last key
           becomes the primary key.

       <format>
           A string that interpolates %(fieldname) from the object pointed at by a ref being shown. If
           fieldname is prefixed with an asterisk (*) and the ref points at a tag object, the value for the
           field in the object tag refers is used. When unspecified, defaults to %(objectname) SPC
           %(objecttype) TAB %(refname). It also interpolates %% to %, and %xx where xx are hex digits
           interpolates to character with hex code xx; for example %00 interpolates to \0 (NUL), %09 to \t
           (TAB) and %0a to \n (LF).

       <pattern>...
           If one or more patterns are given, only refs are shown that match against at least one pattern,
           either using fnmatch(3) or literally, in the latter case matching completely or from the
           beginning up to a slash.

       --shell, --perl, --python, --tcl
           If given, strings that substitute %(fieldname) placeholders are quoted as string literals
           suitable for the specified host language. This is meant to produce a scriptlet that can directly
           be `eval`ed.

FIELD NAMES
       Various values from structured fields in referenced objects can be used to interpolate into the
       resulting output, or as sort keys.

       For all objects, the following names can be used:

       refname
           The name of the ref (the part after $GIT_DIR/). For a non-ambiguous short name of the ref append
           :short. The option core.warnAmbiguousRefs is used to select the strict abbreviation mode.

       objecttype
           The type of the object (blob, tree, commit, tag).

       objectsize
           The size of the object (the same as git cat-file -s reports).

       objectname
           The object name (aka SHA-1). For a non-ambiguous abbreviation of the object name append :short.

       upstream
           The name of a local ref which can be considered "upstream" from the displayed ref. Respects
           :short in the same way as refname above.

       In addition to the above, for commit and tag objects, the header field names (tree, parent, object,
       type, and tag) can be used to specify the value in the header field.

       Fields that have name-email-date tuple as its value (author, committer, and tagger) can be suffixed
       with name, email, and date to extract the named component.

       The complete message in a commit and tag object is contents. Its first line is contents:subject,
       where subject is the concatenation of all lines of the commit message up to the first blank line. The
       next line is contents:body, where body is all of the lines after the first blank line. Finally, the
       optional GPG signature is contents:signature.

       For sorting purposes, fields with numeric values sort in numeric order (objectsize, authordate,
       committerdate, taggerdate). All other fields are used to sort in their byte-value order.

       In any case, a field name that refers to a field inapplicable to the object referred by the ref does
       not cause an error. It returns an empty string instead.

       As a special case for the date-type fields, you may specify a format for the date by adding one of
       :default, :relative, :short, :local, :iso8601, :rfc2822 or :raw to the end of the fieldname; e.g.
       %(taggerdate:relative).

EXAMPLES
       An example directly producing formatted text. Show the most recent 3 tagged commits:

           #!/bin/sh

           git for-each-ref --count=3 --sort='-*authordate' \
           --format='From: %(*authorname) %(*authoremail)
           Subject: %(*subject)
           Date: %(*authordate)
           Ref: %(*refname)

           %(*body)
           ' 'refs/tags'


       A simple example showing the use of shell eval on the output, demonstrating the use of --shell. List
       the prefixes of all heads:

           #!/bin/sh

           git for-each-ref --shell --format="ref=%(refname)" refs/heads | \
           while read entry
           do
                   eval "$entry"
                   echo `dirname $ref`
           done


       A bit more elaborate report on tags, demonstrating that the format may be an entire script:

           #!/bin/sh

           fmt='
                   r=%(refname)
                   t=%(*objecttype)
                   T=${r#refs/tags/}

                   o=%(*objectname)
                   n=%(*authorname)
                   e=%(*authoremail)
                   s=%(*subject)
                   d=%(*authordate)
                   b=%(*body)

                   kind=Tag
                   if test "z$t" = z
                   then
                           # could be a lightweight tag
                           t=%(objecttype)
                           kind="Lightweight tag"
                           o=%(objectname)
                           n=%(authorname)
                           e=%(authoremail)
                           s=%(subject)
                           d=%(authordate)
                           b=%(body)
                   fi
                   echo "$kind $T points at a $t object $o"
                   if test "z$t" = zcommit
                   then
                           echo "The commit was authored by $n $e
           at $d, and titled

               $s

           Its message reads as:
           "
                           echo "$b" | sed -e "s/^/    /"
                           echo
                   fi
           '

           eval=`git for-each-ref --shell --format="$fmt" \
                   --sort='*objecttype' \
                   --sort=-taggerdate \
                   refs/tags`
           eval "$eval"


AUTHOR
       Written by Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com[1]>.

DOCUMENTATION
       Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org[2]>.

GIT
       Part of the git(1) suite

NOTES
        1. gitster@pobox.com
           mailto:gitster@pobox.com

        2. git@vger.kernel.org
           mailto:git@vger.kernel.org



Git 1.8.3                                        05/24/2013                              GIT-FOR-EACH-REF(1)