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GIT-SEND-EMAIL(1)                                Git Manual                                GIT-SEND-EMAIL(1)



NAME
       git-send-email - Send a collection of patches as emails

SYNOPSIS
       git send-email [options] <file|directory|rev-list options>...


DESCRIPTION
       Takes the patches given on the command line and emails them out. Patches can be specified as files,
       directories (which will send all files in the directory), or directly as a revision list. In the last
       case, any format accepted by git-format-patch(1) can be passed to git send-email.

       The header of the email is configurable by command line options. If not specified on the command
       line, the user will be prompted with a ReadLine enabled interface to provide the necessary
       information.

       There are two formats accepted for patch files:

        1. mbox format files

           This is what git-format-patch(1) generates. Most headers and MIME formatting are ignored.

        2. The original format used by Greg Kroah-Hartman's send_lots_of_email.pl script

           This format expects the first line of the file to contain the "Cc:" value and the "Subject:" of
           the message as the second line.

OPTIONS
   Composing
       --annotate
           Review and edit each patch you're about to send. Default is the value of sendemail.annotate. See
           the CONFIGURATION section for sendemail.multiedit.

       --bcc=<address>
           Specify a "Bcc:" value for each email. Default is the value of sendemail.bcc.

           The --bcc option must be repeated for each user you want on the bcc list.

       --cc=<address>
           Specify a starting "Cc:" value for each email. Default is the value of sendemail.cc.

           The --cc option must be repeated for each user you want on the cc list.

       --compose
           Invoke a text editor (see GIT_EDITOR in git-var(1)) to edit an introductory message for the patch
           series.

           When --compose is used, git send-email will use the From, Subject, and In-Reply-To headers
           specified in the message. If the body of the message (what you type after the headers and a blank
           line) only contains blank (or Git: prefixed) lines the summary won't be sent, but From, Subject,
           and In-Reply-To headers will be used unless they are removed.

           Missing From or In-Reply-To headers will be prompted for.

           See the CONFIGURATION section for sendemail.multiedit.

       --from=<address>
           Specify the sender of the emails. If not specified on the command line, the value of the
           sendemail.from configuration option is used. If neither the command line option nor
           sendemail.from are set, then the user will be prompted for the value. The default for the prompt
           will be the value of GIT_AUTHOR_IDENT, or GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT if that is not set, as returned by
           "git var -l".

       --in-reply-to=<identifier>
           Make the first mail (or all the mails with --no-thread) appear as a reply to the given
           Message-Id, which avoids breaking threads to provide a new patch series. The second and
           subsequent emails will be sent as replies according to the --[no]-chain-reply-to setting.

           So for example when --thread and --no-chain-reply-to are specified, the second and subsequent
           patches will be replies to the first one like in the illustration below where [PATCH v2 0/3] is
           in reply to [PATCH 0/2]:

               [PATCH 0/2] Here is what I did...
                 [PATCH 1/2] Clean up and tests
                 [PATCH 2/2] Implementation
                 [PATCH v2 0/3] Here is a reroll
                   [PATCH v2 1/3] Clean up
                   [PATCH v2 2/3] New tests
                   [PATCH v2 3/3] Implementation

           Only necessary if --compose is also set. If --compose is not set, this will be prompted for.

       --subject=<string>
           Specify the initial subject of the email thread. Only necessary if --compose is also set. If
           --compose is not set, this will be prompted for.

       --to=<address>
           Specify the primary recipient of the emails generated. Generally, this will be the upstream
           maintainer of the project involved. Default is the value of the sendemail.to configuration value;
           if that is unspecified, and --to-cmd is not specified, this will be prompted for.

           The --to option must be repeated for each user you want on the to list.

       --8bit-encoding=<encoding>
           When encountering a non-ASCII message or subject that does not declare its encoding, add
           headers/quoting to indicate it is encoded in <encoding>. Default is the value of the
           sendemail.assume8bitEncoding; if that is unspecified, this will be prompted for if any non-ASCII
           files are encountered.

           Note that no attempts whatsoever are made to validate the encoding.

       --compose-encoding=<encoding>
           Specify encoding of compose message. Default is the value of the sendemail.composeencoding; if
           that is unspecified, UTF-8 is assumed.

   Sending
       --envelope-sender=<address>
           Specify the envelope sender used to send the emails. This is useful if your default address is
           not the address that is subscribed to a list. In order to use the From address, set the value to
           "auto". If you use the sendmail binary, you must have suitable privileges for the -f parameter.
           Default is the value of the sendemail.envelopesender configuration variable; if that is
           unspecified, choosing the envelope sender is left to your MTA.

       --smtp-encryption=<encryption>
           Specify the encryption to use, either ssl or tls. Any other value reverts to plain SMTP. Default
           is the value of sendemail.smtpencryption.

       --smtp-domain=<FQDN>
           Specifies the Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN) used in the HELO/EHLO command to the SMTP
           server. Some servers require the FQDN to match your IP address. If not set, git send-email
           attempts to determine your FQDN automatically. Default is the value of sendemail.smtpdomain.

       --smtp-pass[=<password>]
           Password for SMTP-AUTH. The argument is optional: If no argument is specified, then the empty
           string is used as the password. Default is the value of sendemail.smtppass, however --smtp-pass
           always overrides this value.

           Furthermore, passwords need not be specified in configuration files or on the command line. If a
           username has been specified (with --smtp-user or a sendemail.smtpuser), but no password has been
           specified (with --smtp-pass or sendemail.smtppass), then a password is obtained using
           git-credential.

       --smtp-server=<host>
           If set, specifies the outgoing SMTP server to use (e.g.  smtp.example.com or a raw IP address).
           Alternatively it can specify a full pathname of a sendmail-like program instead; the program must
           support the -i option. Default value can be specified by the sendemail.smtpserver configuration
           option; the built-in default is /usr/sbin/sendmail or /usr/lib/sendmail if such program is
           available, or localhost otherwise.

       --smtp-server-port=<port>
           Specifies a port different from the default port (SMTP servers typically listen to smtp port 25,
           but may also listen to submission port 587, or the common SSL smtp port 465); symbolic port names
           (e.g. "submission" instead of 587) are also accepted. The port can also be set with the
           sendemail.smtpserverport configuration variable.

       --smtp-server-option=<option>
           If set, specifies the outgoing SMTP server option to use. Default value can be specified by the
           sendemail.smtpserveroption configuration option.

           The --smtp-server-option option must be repeated for each option you want to pass to the server.
           Likewise, different lines in the configuration files must be used for each option.

       --smtp-ssl
           Legacy alias for --smtp-encryption ssl.

       --smtp-user=<user>
           Username for SMTP-AUTH. Default is the value of sendemail.smtpuser; if a username is not
           specified (with --smtp-user or sendemail.smtpuser), then authentication is not attempted.

       --smtp-debug=0|1
           Enable (1) or disable (0) debug output. If enabled, SMTP commands and replies will be printed.
           Useful to debug TLS connection and authentication problems.

   Automating
       --to-cmd=<command>
           Specify a command to execute once per patch file which should generate patch file specific "To:"
           entries. Output of this command must be single email address per line. Default is the value of
           sendemail.tocmd configuration value.

       --cc-cmd=<command>
           Specify a command to execute once per patch file which should generate patch file specific "Cc:"
           entries. Output of this command must be single email address per line. Default is the value of
           sendemail.cccmd configuration value.

       --[no-]chain-reply-to
           If this is set, each email will be sent as a reply to the previous email sent. If disabled with
           "--no-chain-reply-to", all emails after the first will be sent as replies to the first email
           sent. When using this, it is recommended that the first file given be an overview of the entire
           patch series. Disabled by default, but the sendemail.chainreplyto configuration variable can be
           used to enable it.

       --identity=<identity>
           A configuration identity. When given, causes values in the sendemail.<identity> subsection to
           take precedence over values in the sendemail section. The default identity is the value of
           sendemail.identity.

       --[no-]signed-off-by-cc
           If this is set, add emails found in Signed-off-by: or Cc: lines to the cc list. Default is the
           value of sendemail.signedoffbycc configuration value; if that is unspecified, default to
           --signed-off-by-cc.

       --suppress-cc=<category>
           Specify an additional category of recipients to suppress the auto-cc of:

           •    author will avoid including the patch author

           •    self will avoid including the sender

           •    cc will avoid including anyone mentioned in Cc lines in the patch header except for self
               (use self for that).

           •    bodycc will avoid including anyone mentioned in Cc lines in the patch body (commit message)
               except for self (use self for that).

           •    sob will avoid including anyone mentioned in Signed-off-by lines except for self (use self
               for that).

           •    cccmd will avoid running the --cc-cmd.

           •    body is equivalent to sob + bodycc

           •    all will suppress all auto cc values.

           Default is the value of sendemail.suppresscc configuration value; if that is unspecified, default
           to self if --suppress-from is specified, as well as body if --no-signed-off-cc is specified.

       --[no-]suppress-from
           If this is set, do not add the From: address to the cc: list. Default is the value of
           sendemail.suppressfrom configuration value; if that is unspecified, default to
           --no-suppress-from.

       --[no-]thread
           If this is set, the In-Reply-To and References headers will be added to each email sent. Whether
           each mail refers to the previous email (deep threading per git format-patch wording) or to the
           first email (shallow threading) is governed by "--[no-]chain-reply-to".

           If disabled with "--no-thread", those headers will not be added (unless specified with
           --in-reply-to). Default is the value of the sendemail.thread configuration value; if that is
           unspecified, default to --thread.

           It is up to the user to ensure that no In-Reply-To header already exists when git send-email is
           asked to add it (especially note that git format-patch can be configured to do the threading
           itself). Failure to do so may not produce the expected result in the recipient's MUA.

   Administering
       --confirm=<mode>
           Confirm just before sending:

           •    always will always confirm before sending

           •    never will never confirm before sending

           •    cc will confirm before sending when send-email has automatically added addresses from the
               patch to the Cc list

           •    compose will confirm before sending the first message when using --compose.

           •    auto is equivalent to cc + compose

           Default is the value of sendemail.confirm configuration value; if that is unspecified, default to
           auto unless any of the suppress options have been specified, in which case default to compose.

       --dry-run
           Do everything except actually send the emails.

       --[no-]format-patch
           When an argument may be understood either as a reference or as a file name, choose to understand
           it as a format-patch argument (--format-patch) or as a file name (--no-format-patch). By default,
           when such a conflict occurs, git send-email will fail.

       --quiet
           Make git-send-email less verbose. One line per email should be all that is output.

       --[no-]validate
           Perform sanity checks on patches. Currently, validation means the following:

           •   Warn of patches that contain lines longer than 998 characters; this is due to SMTP limits as
               described by http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2821.txt.

           Default is the value of sendemail.validate; if this is not set, default to --validate.

       --force
           Send emails even if safety checks would prevent it.

CONFIGURATION
       sendemail.aliasesfile
           To avoid typing long email addresses, point this to one or more email aliases files. You must
           also supply sendemail.aliasfiletype.

       sendemail.aliasfiletype
           Format of the file(s) specified in sendemail.aliasesfile. Must be one of mutt, mailrc, pine, elm,
           or gnus.

       sendemail.multiedit
           If true (default), a single editor instance will be spawned to edit files you have to edit
           (patches when --annotate is used, and the summary when --compose is used). If false, files will
           be edited one after the other, spawning a new editor each time.

       sendemail.confirm
           Sets the default for whether to confirm before sending. Must be one of always, never, cc,
           compose, or auto. See --confirm in the previous section for the meaning of these values.

EXAMPLE
   Use gmail as the smtp server
       To use git send-email to send your patches through the GMail SMTP server, edit ~/.gitconfig to
       specify your account settings:

           [sendemail]
                   smtpencryption = tls
                   smtpserver = smtp.gmail.com
                   smtpuser = yourname@gmail.com
                   smtpserverport = 587

       Once your commits are ready to be sent to the mailing list, run the following commands:

           $ git format-patch --cover-letter -M origin/master -o outgoing/
           $ edit outgoing/0000-*
           $ git send-email outgoing/*

       Note: the following perl modules are required Net::SMTP::SSL, MIME::Base64 and Authen::SASL

SEE ALSO
       git-format-patch(1), git-imap-send(1), mbox(5)

GIT
       Part of the git(1) suite



Git 1.8.3                                        05/24/2013                                GIT-SEND-EMAIL(1)