Страницы справочника OS X

Эта страница руководства является частью версии 5.0 Инструментов XCode

Читать страницы руководства

GIT-TAG(1)                                       Git Manual                                       GIT-TAG(1)



NAME
       git-tag - Create, list, delete or verify a tag object signed with GPG

SYNOPSIS
       git tag [-a | -s | -u <key-id>] [-f] [-m <msg> | -F <file>]
               <tagname> [<commit> | <object>]
       git tag -d <tagname>...
       git tag [-n[<num>]] -l [--contains <commit>] [--points-at <object>]
               [--column[=<options>] | --no-column] [<pattern>...]
               [<pattern>...]
       git tag -v <tagname>...


DESCRIPTION
       Add a tag reference in refs/tags/, unless -d/-l/-v is given to delete, list or verify tags.

       Unless -f is given, the named tag must not yet exist.

       If one of -a, -s, or -u <key-id> is passed, the command creates a tag object, and requires a tag
       message. Unless -m <msg> or -F <file> is given, an editor is started for the user to type in the tag
       message.

       If -m <msg> or -F <file> is given and -a, -s, and -u <key-id> are absent, -a is implied.

       Otherwise just a tag reference for the SHA-1 object name of the commit object is created (i.e. a
       lightweight tag).

       A GnuPG signed tag object will be created when -s or -u <key-id> is used. When -u <key-id> is not
       used, the committer identity for the current user is used to find the GnuPG key for signing. The
       configuration variable gpg.program is used to specify custom GnuPG binary.

OPTIONS
       -a, --annotate
           Make an unsigned, annotated tag object

       -s, --sign
           Make a GPG-signed tag, using the default e-mail address's key.

       -u <key-id>, --local-user=<key-id>
           Make a GPG-signed tag, using the given key.

       -f, --force
           Replace an existing tag with the given name (instead of failing)

       -d, --delete
           Delete existing tags with the given names.

       -v, --verify
           Verify the gpg signature of the given tag names.

       -n<num>
           <num> specifies how many lines from the annotation, if any, are printed when using -l. The
           default is not to print any annotation lines. If no number is given to -n, only the first line is
           printed. If the tag is not annotated, the commit message is displayed instead.

       -l <pattern>, --list <pattern>
           List tags with names that match the given pattern (or all if no pattern is given). Running "git
           tag" without arguments also lists all tags. The pattern is a shell wildcard (i.e., matched using
           fnmatch(3)). Multiple patterns may be given; if any of them matches, the tag is shown.

       --column[=<options>], --no-column
           Display tag listing in columns. See configuration variable column.tag for option syntax.--column
           and --no-column without options are equivalent to always and never respectively.

           This option is only applicable when listing tags without annotation lines.

       --contains <commit>
           Only list tags which contain the specified commit.

       --points-at <object>
           Only list tags of the given object.

       -m <msg>, --message=<msg>
           Use the given tag message (instead of prompting). If multiple -m options are given, their values
           are concatenated as separate paragraphs. Implies -a if none of -a, -s, or -u <key-id> is given.

       -F <file>, --file=<file>
           Take the tag message from the given file. Use - to read the message from the standard input.
           Implies -a if none of -a, -s, or -u <key-id> is given.

       --cleanup=<mode>
           This option sets how the tag message is cleaned up. The <mode> can be one of verbatim, whitespace
           and strip. The strip mode is default. The verbatim mode does not change message at all,
           whitespace removes just leading/trailing whitespace lines and strip removes both whitespace and
           commentary.

       <tagname>
           The name of the tag to create, delete, or describe. The new tag name must pass all checks defined
           by git-check-ref-format(1). Some of these checks may restrict the characters allowed in a tag
           name.

       <commit>, <object>
           The object that the new tag will refer to, usually a commit. Defaults to HEAD.

CONFIGURATION
       By default, git tag in sign-with-default mode (-s) will use your committer identity (of the form
       "Your Name <your@email.address>") to find a key. If you want to use a different default key, you can
       specify it in the repository configuration as follows:

           [user]
               signingkey = <gpg-key-id>


DISCUSSION
   On Re-tagging
       What should you do when you tag a wrong commit and you would want to re-tag?

       If you never pushed anything out, just re-tag it. Use "-f" to replace the old one. And you're done.

       But if you have pushed things out (or others could just read your repository directly), then others
       will have already seen the old tag. In that case you can do one of two things:

        1. The sane thing. Just admit you screwed up, and use a different name. Others have already seen one
           tag-name, and if you keep the same name, you may be in the situation that two people both have
           "version X", but they actually have different "X"'s. So just call it "X.1" and be done with it.

        2. The insane thing. You really want to call the new version "X" too, even though others have
           already seen the old one. So just use git tag -f again, as if you hadn't already published the
           old one.

       However, Git does not (and it should not) change tags behind users back. So if somebody already got
       the old tag, doing a git pull on your tree shouldn't just make them overwrite the old one.

       If somebody got a release tag from you, you cannot just change the tag for them by updating your own
       one. This is a big security issue, in that people MUST be able to trust their tag-names. If you
       really want to do the insane thing, you need to just fess up to it, and tell people that you messed
       up. You can do that by making a very public announcement saying:

           Ok, I messed up, and I pushed out an earlier version tagged as X. I
           then fixed something, and retagged the *fixed* tree as X again.

           If you got the wrong tag, and want the new one, please delete
           the old one and fetch the new one by doing:

                   git tag -d X
                   git fetch origin tag X

           to get my updated tag.

           You can test which tag you have by doing

                   git rev-parse X

           which should return 0123456789abcdef.. if you have the new version.

           Sorry for the inconvenience.


       Does this seem a bit complicated? It should be. There is no way that it would be correct to just
       "fix" it automatically. People need to know that their tags might have been changed.

   On Automatic following
       If you are following somebody else's tree, you are most likely using remote-tracking branches
       (refs/heads/origin in traditional layout, or refs/remotes/origin/master in the separate-remote
       layout). You usually want the tags from the other end.

       On the other hand, if you are fetching because you would want a one-shot merge from somebody else,
       you typically do not want to get tags from there. This happens more often for people near the
       toplevel but not limited to them. Mere mortals when pulling from each other do not necessarily want
       to automatically get private anchor point tags from the other person.

       Often, "please pull" messages on the mailing list just provide two pieces of information: a repo URL
       and a branch name; this is designed to be easily cut&pasted at the end of a git fetch command line:

           Linus, please pull from

                   git://git..../proj.git master

           to get the following updates...


       becomes:

           $ git pull git://git..../proj.git master


       In such a case, you do not want to automatically follow the other person's tags.

       One important aspect of Git is its distributed nature, which largely means there is no inherent
       "upstream" or "downstream" in the system. On the face of it, the above example might seem to indicate
       that the tag namespace is owned by the upper echelon of people and that tags only flow downwards, but
       that is not the case. It only shows that the usage pattern determines who are interested in whose
       tags.

       A one-shot pull is a sign that a commit history is now crossing the boundary between one circle of
       people (e.g. "people who are primarily interested in the networking part of the kernel") who may have
       their own set of tags (e.g. "this is the third release candidate from the networking group to be
       proposed for general consumption with 2.6.21 release") to another circle of people (e.g. "people who
       integrate various subsystem improvements"). The latter are usually not interested in the detailed
       tags used internally in the former group (that is what "internal" means). That is why it is desirable
       not to follow tags automatically in this case.

       It may well be that among networking people, they may want to exchange the tags internal to their
       group, but in that workflow they are most likely tracking each other's progress by having
       remote-tracking branches. Again, the heuristic to automatically follow such tags is a good thing.

   On Backdating Tags
       If you have imported some changes from another VCS and would like to add tags for major releases of
       your work, it is useful to be able to specify the date to embed inside of the tag object; such data
       in the tag object affects, for example, the ordering of tags in the gitweb interface.

       To set the date used in future tag objects, set the environment variable GIT_COMMITTER_DATE (see the
       later discussion of possible values; the most common form is "YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM").

       For example:

           $ GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="2006-10-02 10:31" git tag -s v1.0.1


DATE FORMATS
       The GIT_AUTHOR_DATE, GIT_COMMITTER_DATE environment variables support the following date formats:

       Git internal format
           It is <unix timestamp> <timezone offset>, where <unix timestamp> is the number of seconds since
           the UNIX epoch.  <timezone offset> is a positive or negative offset from UTC. For example CET
           (which is 2 hours ahead UTC) is +0200.

       RFC 2822
           The standard email format as described by RFC 2822, for example Thu, 07 Apr 2005 22:13:13 +0200.

       ISO 8601
           Time and date specified by the ISO 8601 standard, for example 2005-04-07T22:13:13. The parser
           accepts a space instead of the T character as well.

               Note
               In addition, the date part is accepted in the following formats: YYYY.MM.DD, MM/DD/YYYY and
               DD.MM.YYYY.

SEE ALSO
       git-check-ref-format(1).

GIT
       Part of the git(1) suite



Git 1.8.3                                        05/24/2013                                       GIT-TAG(1)