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MSGS(1)                   BSD General Commands Manual                  MSGS(1)

NAME
     msgs -- system messages and junk mail program

SYNOPSIS
     msgs [-fhlpq] [number] [-number]
     msgs [-s]
     msgs [-c] [-days]

DESCRIPTION
     The msgs utility is used to read system messages.  These messages are sent by mailing to the login
     `msgs' and should be short pieces of information which are suitable to be read once by most users of
     the system.

     The msgs utility is normally invoked each time you login, by placing it in the file .login (or .profile
     if you use sh(1)).  It will then prompt you with the source and subject of each new message.  If there
     is no subject line, the first few non-blank lines of the message will be displayed.  If there is more
     to the message, you will be told how long it is and asked whether you wish to see the rest of the mes-sage. message.
     sage.  The possible responses are:

     -y          Type the rest of the message.

     RETURN      Synonym for y.

     -n          Skip this message and go on to the next message.

     -           Redisplay the last message.

     -q          Drop out of msgs; the next time msgs will pick up where it last left off.

     -s          Append the current message to the file ``Messages'' in the current directory; `s-' will
                 save the previously displayed message.  A `s' or `s-' may be followed by a space and a file
                 name to receive the message replacing the default ``Messages''.

     -m          A copy of the specified message is placed in a temporary mailbox and mail(1) is invoked on
                 that mailbox.  Both `m' and `s' accept a numeric argument in place of the `-'.

     The msgs utility keeps track of the next message you will see by a number in the file .msgsrc in your
     home directory.  In the directory /var/msgs it keeps a set of files whose names are the (sequential)
     numbers of the messages they represent.  The file /var/msgs/bounds shows the low and high number of the
     messages in the directory so that msgs can quickly determine if there are no messages for you.  If the
     contents of bounds is incorrect it can be fixed by removing it; msgs will make a new bounds file the
     next time it is run with the -s option.  If msgs is run with any option other than -s, an error will be
     displayed if /var/msgs/bounds does not exist.

     The -s option is used for setting up the posting of messages.  The line

           msgs: "| /usr/bin/msgs -s"

     should be included in /etc/mail/aliases (see newaliases(1)) to enable posting of messages.

     The -c option is used for performing cleanup on /var/msgs.  A shell script entry to run msgs with the
     -c option should be placed in /etc/periodic/daily (see periodic(8)) to run every night.  This will
     remove all messages over 21 days old.  A different expiration may be specified on the command line to
     override the default.  You must be the superuser to use this option.

     Options when reading messages include:

     -f          Do not say ``No new messages.''.  This is useful in a .login file since this is often the
                 case here.

     -q          Queries whether there are messages, printing ``There are new messages.'' if there are.  The
                 command ``msgs -q'' is often used in login scripts.

     -h          Print the first part of messages only.

     -l          Cause only locally originated messages to be reported.

     num         A message number can be given on the command line, causing msgs to start at the specified
                 message rather than at the next message indicated by your .msgsrc file.  Thus

                       msgs -h 1

                 prints the first part of all messages.

     -number     Start number messages back from the one indicated in the .msgsrc file, useful for reviews
                 of recent messages.

     -p          Pipe long messages through more(1).

     Within msgs you can also go to any specific message by typing its number when msgs requests input as to
     what to do.

ENVIRONMENT
     The msgs utility uses the HOME and TERM environment variables for the default home directory and termi-nal terminal
     nal type.

FILES
     /var/msgs/*  database
     ~/.msgsrc    number of next message to be presented

SEE ALSO
     mail(1), more(1), aliases(5), periodic(8)

HISTORY
     The msgs command appeared in 3.0BSD.

BSD                             April 28, 1995                             BSD