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PAR(1)                               User Contributed Perl Documentation                              PAR(1)



NAME
       par.pl - Make and run Perl Archives

SYNOPSIS
       (Please see pp for convenient ways to make self-contained executables, scripts or PAR archives from
       perl programs.)

       To make a PAR distribution from a CPAN module distribution:

           % par.pl -p                 # make a PAR dist under the current path
           % par.pl -p Foo-0.01        # assume unpacked CPAN dist in Foo-0.01/

       To manipulate a PAR distribution:

           % par.pl -i Foo-0.01-i386-freebsd-5.8.0.par # install
           % par.pl -i http://foo.com/Foo-0.01         # auto-appends archname + perlver
           % par.pl -i cpan://AUTRIJUS/PAR-0.74        # uses CPAN author directory
           % par.pl -u Foo-0.01-i386-freebsd-5.8.0.par # uninstall
           % par.pl -s Foo-0.01-i386-freebsd-5.8.0.par # sign
           % par.pl -v Foo-0.01-i386-freebsd-5.8.0.par # verify

       To use Hello.pm from ./foo.par:

           % par.pl -A./foo.par -MHello
           % par.pl -A./foo -MHello    # the .par part is optional

       Same thing, but search foo.par in the @INC;

           % par.pl -Ifoo.par -MHello
           % par.pl -Ifoo -MHello      # ditto

       Run test.pl or script/test.pl from foo.par:

           % par.pl foo.par test.pl    # looks for 'main.pl' by default,
                                       # otherwise run 'test.pl'

       To make a self-containing script containing a PAR file :

           % par.pl -O./foo.pl foo.par
           % ./foo.pl test.pl          # same as above

       To embed the necessary non-core modules and shared objects for PAR's execution (like "Zlib", "IO",
       "Cwd", etc), use the -b flag:

           % par.pl -b -O./foo.pl foo.par
           % ./foo.pl test.pl          # runs anywhere with core modules installed

       If you also wish to embed core modules along, use the -B flag instead:

           % par.pl -B -O./foo.pl foo.par
           % ./foo.pl test.pl          # runs anywhere with the perl interpreter

       This is particularly useful when making stand-alone binary executables; see pp for details.

DESCRIPTION
       This stand-alone command offers roughly the same feature as "perl -MPAR", except that it takes the
       pre-loaded .par files via "-Afoo.par" instead of "-MPAR=foo.par".

       Additionally, it lets you convert a CPAN distribution to a PAR distribution, as well as manipulate
       such distributions.  For more information about PAR distributions, see PAR::Dist.

   Binary PAR loader (parl)
       If you have a C compiler, or a pre-built binary package of PAR is available for your platform, a
       binary version of par.pl will also be automatically installed as parl.  You can use it to run .par
       files:

           # runs script/run.pl in archive, uses its lib/* as libraries
           % parl myapp.par run.pl     # runs run.pl or script/run.pl in myapp.par
           % parl otherapp.pl          # also runs normal perl scripts

       However, if the .par archive contains either main.pl or script/main.pl, it is used instead:

           % parl myapp.par run.pl     # runs main.pl, with 'run.pl' as @ARGV

       Finally, the "-O" option makes a stand-alone binary executable from a PAR file:

           % parl -B -Omyapp myapp.par
           % ./myapp                   # run it anywhere without perl binaries

       With the "--par-options" flag, generated binaries can act as "parl" to pack new binaries:

           % ./myapp --par-options -Omyap2 myapp.par   # identical to ./myapp
           % ./myapp --par-options -Omyap3 myap3.par   # now with different PAR

   Stand-alone executable format
       The format for the stand-alone executable is simply concatenating the following elements:

       •   The executable itself

           Either in plain-text (par.pl) or native executable format (parl or parl.exe).

       •   Any number of embedded files

           These are typically used for bootstrapping PAR's various XS dependencies.  Each section contains:

           The magic string ""FILE""
           Length of file name in "pack('N')" format plus 9
           8 bytes of hex-encoded CRC32 of file content
           A single slash (""/"")
           The file name (without path)
           File length in "pack('N')" format
           The file's content (not compressed)
       •   One PAR file

           This is just a zip file beginning with the magic string ""PK\003\004"".

       •   Ending section

           The pre-computed cache name.  A pack('Z40') string of the value of -T (--tempcache) or the hash
           of the file, followed by "\0CACHE".  The hash of the file is calculated with Digest::SHA,
           Digest::SHA1, or Digest::MD5.  If none of those modules is available, the "mtime" of the file is
           used.

           A pack('N') number of the total length of FILE and PAR sections, followed by a 8-bytes magic
           string: ""\012PAR.pm\012"".

SEE ALSO
       PAR, PAR::Dist, parl, pp

AUTHORS
       Audrey Tang <cpan@audreyt.org>, Steffen Mueller <smueller@cpan.org>

       <http://par.perl.org/> is the official PAR website.  You can write to the mailing list at
       <par@perl.org>, or send an empty mail to <par-subscribe@perl.org> to participate in the discussion.

       Please submit bug reports to <bug-par@rt.cpan.org>.

COPYRIGHT
       Copyright 2002-2009 by Audrey Tang <cpan@audreyt.org>.

       Neither this program nor the associated parl program impose any licensing restrictions on files
       generated by their execution, in accordance with the 8th article of the Artistic License:

           "Aggregation of this Package with a commercial distribution is
           always permitted provided that the use of this Package is embedded;
           that is, when no overt attempt is made to make this Package's
           interfaces visible to the end user of the commercial distribution.
           Such use shall not be construed as a distribution of this Package."

       Therefore, you are absolutely free to place any license on the resulting executable, as long as the
       packed 3rd-party libraries are also available under the Artistic License.

       This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl
       itself.

       See <http://www.perl.com/perl/misc/Artistic.html>



perl v5.16.2                                     2012-01-06                                           PAR(1)