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PERLINTERN(1)                         Perl Programmers Reference Guide                         PERLINTERN(1)



NAME
       perlintern - autogenerated documentation of purely internal            Perl functions

DESCRIPTION
       This file is the autogenerated documentation of functions in the Perl interpreter that are documented
       using Perl's internal documentation format but are not marked as part of the Perl API. In other
       words, they are not for use in extensions!

Compile-time scope hooks
       BhkENTRY
               Return an entry from the BHK structure. which is a preprocessor token indicating which entry
               to return. If the appropriate flag is not set this will return NULL. The type of the return
               value depends on which entry you ask for.

               NOTE: this function is experimental and may change or be removed without notice.

                       void *  BhkENTRY(BHK *hk, which)

       BhkFLAGS
               Return the BHK's flags.

               NOTE: this function is experimental and may change or be removed without notice.

                       U32     BhkFLAGS(BHK *hk)

       CALL_BLOCK_HOOKS
               Call all the registered block hooks for type which. which is a preprocessing token; the type
               of arg depends on which.

               NOTE: this function is experimental and may change or be removed without notice.

                       void    CALL_BLOCK_HOOKS(which, arg)

CV reference counts and CvOUTSIDE
       CvWEAKOUTSIDE
               Each CV has a pointer, "CvOUTSIDE()", to its lexically enclosing CV (if any). Because
               pointers to anonymous sub prototypes are stored in "&" pad slots, it is a possible to get a
               circular reference, with the parent pointing to the child and vice-versa. To avoid the
               ensuing memory leak, we do not increment the reference count of the CV pointed to by
               "CvOUTSIDE" in the one specific instance that the parent has a "&" pad slot pointing back to
               us. In this case, we set the "CvWEAKOUTSIDE" flag in the child. This allows us to determine
               under what circumstances we should decrement the refcount of the parent when freeing the
               child.

               There is a further complication with non-closure anonymous subs (i.e. those that do not refer
               to any lexicals outside that sub). In this case, the anonymous prototype is shared rather
               than being cloned. This has the consequence that the parent may be freed while there are
               still active children, eg

                   BEGIN { $a = sub { eval '$x' } }

               In this case, the BEGIN is freed immediately after execution since there are no active
               references to it: the anon sub prototype has "CvWEAKOUTSIDE" set since it's not a closure,
               and $a points to the same CV, so it doesn't contribute to BEGIN's refcount either.  When $a
               is executed, the "eval '$x'" causes the chain of "CvOUTSIDE"s to be followed, and the freed
               BEGIN is accessed.

               To avoid this, whenever a CV and its associated pad is freed, any "&" entries in the pad are
               explicitly removed from the pad, and if the refcount of the pointed-to anon sub is still
               positive, then that child's "CvOUTSIDE" is set to point to its grandparent. This will only
               occur in the single specific case of a non-closure anon prototype having one or more active
               references (such as $a above).

               One other thing to consider is that a CV may be merely undefined rather than freed, eg "undef
               &foo". In this case, its refcount may not have reached zero, but we still delete its pad and
               its "CvROOT" etc.  Since various children may still have their "CvOUTSIDE" pointing at this
               undefined CV, we keep its own "CvOUTSIDE" for the time being, so that the chain of lexical
               scopes is unbroken. For example, the following should print 123:

                   my $x = 123;
                   sub tmp { sub { eval '$x' } }
                   my $a = tmp();
                   undef &tmp;
                   print  $a->();

                       bool    CvWEAKOUTSIDE(CV *cv)

Embedding Functions
       cv_dump dump the contents of a CV

                       void    cv_dump(CV *cv, const char *title)

       do_dump_pad
               Dump the contents of a padlist

                       void    do_dump_pad(I32 level, PerlIO *file,
                                           PADLIST *padlist, int full)

       intro_my
               "Introduce" my variables to visible status.

                       U32     intro_my()

       padlist_dup
               Duplicates a pad.

                       AV *    padlist_dup(AV *srcpad, CLONE_PARAMS *param)

       pad_alloc_name
               Allocates a place in the currently-compiling pad (via "pad_alloc" in perlapi) and then stores
               a name for that entry.  namesv is adopted and becomes the name entry; it must already contain
               the name string and be sufficiently upgraded.  typestash and ourstash and the "padadd_STATE"
               flag get added to namesv.  None of the other processing of "pad_add_name_pvn" in perlapi is
               done.  Returns the offset of the allocated pad slot.

                       PADOFFSET pad_alloc_name(SV *namesv, U32 flags,
                                                HV *typestash, HV *ourstash)

       pad_block_start
               Update the pad compilation state variables on entry to a new block

                       void    pad_block_start(int full)

       pad_check_dup
               Check for duplicate declarations: report any of:

                    * a my in the current scope with the same name;
                    * an our (anywhere in the pad) with the same name and the
                      same stash as C<ourstash>

               "is_our" indicates that the name to check is an 'our' declaration.

                       void    pad_check_dup(SV *name, U32 flags,
                                             const HV *ourstash)

       pad_findlex
               Find a named lexical anywhere in a chain of nested pads. Add fake entries in the inner pads
               if it's found in an outer one.

               Returns the offset in the bottom pad of the lex or the fake lex.  cv is the CV in which to
               start the search, and seq is the current cop_seq to match against. If warn is true, print
               appropriate warnings.  The out_* vars return values, and so are pointers to where the
               returned values should be stored. out_capture, if non-null, requests that the innermost
               instance of the lexical is captured; out_name_sv is set to the innermost matched namesv or
               fake namesv; out_flags returns the flags normally associated with the IVX field of a fake
               namesv.

               Note that pad_findlex() is recursive; it recurses up the chain of CVs, then comes back down,
               adding fake entries as it goes. It has to be this way because fake namesvs in anon protoypes
               have to store in xlow the index into the parent pad.

                       PADOFFSET pad_findlex(const char *namepv,
                                             STRLEN namelen, U32 flags,
                                             const CV* cv, U32 seq, int warn,
                                             SV** out_capture,
                                             SV** out_name_sv, int *out_flags)

       pad_fixup_inner_anons
               For any anon CVs in the pad, change CvOUTSIDE of that CV from old_cv to new_cv if necessary.
               Needed when a newly-compiled CV has to be moved to a pre-existing CV struct.

                       void    pad_fixup_inner_anons(PADLIST *padlist,
                                                     CV *old_cv, CV *new_cv)

       pad_free
               Free the SV at offset po in the current pad.

                       void    pad_free(PADOFFSET po)

       pad_leavemy
               Cleanup at end of scope during compilation: set the max seq number for lexicals in this scope
               and warn of any lexicals that never got introduced.

                       void    pad_leavemy()

       pad_push
               Push a new pad frame onto the padlist, unless there's already a pad at this depth, in which
               case don't bother creating a new one.  Then give the new pad an @_ in slot zero.

                       void    pad_push(PADLIST *padlist, int depth)

       pad_reset
               Mark all the current temporaries for reuse

                       void    pad_reset()

       pad_swipe
               Abandon the tmp in the current pad at offset po and replace with a new one.

                       void    pad_swipe(PADOFFSET po, bool refadjust)

Functions in file op.c
       core_prototype
               This function assigns the prototype of the named core function to "sv", or to a new mortal SV
               if "sv" is NULL.  It returns the modified "sv", or NULL if the core function has no
               prototype.  "code" is a code as returned by "keyword()".  It must be negative and unequal to
               -KEY_CORE.

                       SV *    core_prototype(SV *sv, const char *name,
                                              const int code,
                                              int * const opnum)

Functions in file pp_ctl.c
       docatch Check for the cases 0 or 3 of cur_env.je_ret, only used inside an eval context.

               0 is used as continue inside eval,

               3 is used for a die caught by an inner eval - continue inner loop

               See cop.h: je_mustcatch, when set at any runlevel to TRUE, means eval ops must establish a
               local jmpenv to handle exception traps.

                       OP*     docatch(OP *o)

GV Functions
       gv_try_downgrade
               If the typeglob "gv" can be expressed more succinctly, by having something other than a real
               GV in its place in the stash, replace it with the optimised form.  Basic requirements for
               this are that "gv" is a real typeglob, is sufficiently ordinary, and is only referenced from
               its package.  This function is meant to be used when a GV has been looked up in part to see
               what was there, causing upgrading, but based on what was found it turns out that the real GV
               isn't required after all.

               If "gv" is a completely empty typeglob, it is deleted from the stash.

               If "gv" is a typeglob containing only a sufficiently-ordinary constant sub, the typeglob is
               replaced with a scalar-reference placeholder that more compactly represents the same thing.

               NOTE: this function is experimental and may change or be removed without notice.

                       void    gv_try_downgrade(GV* gv)

Hash Manipulation Functions
       hv_ename_add
               Adds a name to a stash's internal list of effective names.  See "hv_ename_delete".

               This is called when a stash is assigned to a new location in the symbol table.

                       void    hv_ename_add(HV *hv, const char *name, U32 len,
                                            U32 flags)

       hv_ename_delete
               Removes a name from a stash's internal list of effective names.  If this is the name returned
               by "HvENAME", then another name in the list will take its place ("HvENAME" will use it).

               This is called when a stash is deleted from the symbol table.

                       void    hv_ename_delete(HV *hv, const char *name,
                                               U32 len, U32 flags)

       refcounted_he_chain_2hv
               Generates and returns a "HV *" representing the content of a "refcounted_he" chain.  flags is
               currently unused and must be zero.

                       HV *    refcounted_he_chain_2hv(
                                   const struct refcounted_he *c, U32 flags
                               )

       refcounted_he_fetch_pv
               Like "refcounted_he_fetch_pvn", but takes a nul-terminated string instead of a string/length
               pair.

                       SV *    refcounted_he_fetch_pv(
                                   const struct refcounted_he *chain,
                                   const char *key, U32 hash, U32 flags
                               )

       refcounted_he_fetch_pvn
               Search along a "refcounted_he" chain for an entry with the key specified by keypv and keylen.
               If flags has the "REFCOUNTED_HE_KEY_UTF8" bit set, the key octets are interpreted as UTF-8,
               otherwise they are interpreted as Latin-1.  hash is a precomputed hash of the key string, or
               zero if it has not been precomputed.  Returns a mortal scalar representing the value
               associated with the key, or &PL_sv_placeholder if there is no value associated with the key.

                       SV *    refcounted_he_fetch_pvn(
                                   const struct refcounted_he *chain,
                                   const char *keypv, STRLEN keylen, U32 hash,
                                   U32 flags
                               )

       refcounted_he_fetch_pvs
               Like "refcounted_he_fetch_pvn", but takes a literal string instead of a string/length pair,
               and no precomputed hash.

                       SV *    refcounted_he_fetch_pvs(
                                   const struct refcounted_he *chain,
                                   const char *key, U32 flags
                               )

       refcounted_he_fetch_sv
               Like "refcounted_he_fetch_pvn", but takes a Perl scalar instead of a string/length pair.

                       SV *    refcounted_he_fetch_sv(
                                   const struct refcounted_he *chain, SV *key,
                                   U32 hash, U32 flags
                               )

       refcounted_he_free
               Decrements the reference count of a "refcounted_he" by one.  If the reference count reaches
               zero the structure's memory is freed, which (recursively) causes a reduction of its parent
               "refcounted_he"'s reference count.  It is safe to pass a null pointer to this function: no
               action occurs in this case.

                       void    refcounted_he_free(struct refcounted_he *he)

       refcounted_he_inc
               Increment the reference count of a "refcounted_he".  The pointer to the "refcounted_he" is
               also returned.  It is safe to pass a null pointer to this function: no action occurs and a
               null pointer is returned.

                       struct refcounted_he * refcounted_he_inc(
                                                  struct refcounted_he *he
                                              )

       refcounted_he_new_pv
               Like "refcounted_he_new_pvn", but takes a nul-terminated string instead of a string/length
               pair.

                       struct refcounted_he * refcounted_he_new_pv(
                                                  struct refcounted_he *parent,
                                                  const char *key, U32 hash,
                                                  SV *value, U32 flags
                                              )

       refcounted_he_new_pvn
               Creates a new "refcounted_he".  This consists of a single key/value pair and a reference to
               an existing "refcounted_he" chain (which may be empty), and thus forms a longer chain.  When
               using the longer chain, the new key/value pair takes precedence over any entry for the same
               key further along the chain.

               The new key is specified by keypv and keylen.  If flags has the "REFCOUNTED_HE_KEY_UTF8" bit
               set, the key octets are interpreted as UTF-8, otherwise they are interpreted as Latin-1.
               hash is a precomputed hash of the key string, or zero if it has not been precomputed.

               value is the scalar value to store for this key.  value is copied by this function, which
               thus does not take ownership of any reference to it, and later changes to the scalar will not
               be reflected in the value visible in the "refcounted_he".  Complex types of scalar will not
               be stored with referential integrity, but will be coerced to strings.  value may be either
               null or &PL_sv_placeholder to indicate that no value is to be associated with the key; this,
               as with any non-null value, takes precedence over the existence of a value for the key
               further along the chain.

               parent points to the rest of the "refcounted_he" chain to be attached to the new
               "refcounted_he".  This function takes ownership of one reference to parent, and returns one
               reference to the new "refcounted_he".

                       struct refcounted_he * refcounted_he_new_pvn(
                                                  struct refcounted_he *parent,
                                                  const char *keypv,
                                                  STRLEN keylen, U32 hash,
                                                  SV *value, U32 flags
                                              )

       refcounted_he_new_pvs
               Like "refcounted_he_new_pvn", but takes a literal string instead of a string/length pair, and
               no precomputed hash.

                       struct refcounted_he * refcounted_he_new_pvs(
                                                  struct refcounted_he *parent,
                                                  const char *key, SV *value,
                                                  U32 flags
                                              )

       refcounted_he_new_sv
               Like "refcounted_he_new_pvn", but takes a Perl scalar instead of a string/length pair.

                       struct refcounted_he * refcounted_he_new_sv(
                                                  struct refcounted_he *parent,
                                                  SV *key, U32 hash, SV *value,
                                                  U32 flags
                                              )

IO Functions
       start_glob
               Function called by "do_readline" to spawn a glob (or do the glob inside perl on VMS). This
               code used to be inline, but now perl uses "File::Glob" this glob starter is only used by
               miniperl during the build process.  Moving it away shrinks pp_hot.c; shrinking pp_hot.c helps
               speed perl up.

               NOTE: this function is experimental and may change or be removed without notice.

                       PerlIO* start_glob(SV *tmpglob, IO *io)

Magical Functions
       magic_clearhint
               Triggered by a delete from %^H, records the key to "PL_compiling.cop_hints_hash".

                       int     magic_clearhint(SV* sv, MAGIC* mg)

       magic_clearhints
               Triggered by clearing %^H, resets "PL_compiling.cop_hints_hash".

                       int     magic_clearhints(SV* sv, MAGIC* mg)

       magic_methcall
               Invoke a magic method (like FETCH).

               "sv" and "mg" are the tied thingy and the tie magic.

               "meth" is the name of the method to call.

               "argc" is the number of args (in addition to $self) to pass to the method.

               The "flags" can be:

                   G_DISCARD     invoke method with G_DISCARD flag and don't
                                 return a value
                   G_UNDEF_FILL  fill the stack with argc pointers to
                                 PL_sv_undef

               The arguments themselves are any values following the "flags" argument.

               Returns the SV (if any) returned by the method, or NULL on failure.

                       SV*     magic_methcall(SV *sv, const MAGIC *mg,
                                              const char *meth, U32 flags,
                                              U32 argc, ...)

       magic_sethint
               Triggered by a store to %^H, records the key/value pair to "PL_compiling.cop_hints_hash".  It
               is assumed that hints aren't storing anything that would need a deep copy.  Maybe we should
               warn if we find a reference.

                       int     magic_sethint(SV* sv, MAGIC* mg)

       mg_localize
               Copy some of the magic from an existing SV to new localized version of that SV. Container
               magic (eg %ENV, $1, tie) gets copied, value magic doesn't (eg taint, pos).

               If setmagic is false then no set magic will be called on the new (empty) SV.  This typically
               means that assignment will soon follow (e.g. 'local $x = $y'), and that will handle the
               magic.

                       void    mg_localize(SV* sv, SV* nsv, bool setmagic)

MRO Functions
       mro_get_linear_isa_dfs
               Returns the Depth-First Search linearization of @ISA the given stash.  The return value is a
               read-only AV*.  "level" should be 0 (it is used internally in this function's recursion).

               You are responsible for "SvREFCNT_inc()" on the return value if you plan to store it anywhere
               semi-permanently (otherwise it might be deleted out from under you the next time the cache is
               invalidated).

                       AV*     mro_get_linear_isa_dfs(HV* stash, U32 level)

       mro_isa_changed_in
               Takes the necessary steps (cache invalidations, mostly) when the @ISA of the given package
               has changed.  Invoked by the "setisa" magic, should not need to invoke directly.

                       void    mro_isa_changed_in(HV* stash)

       mro_package_moved
               Call this function to signal to a stash that it has been assigned to another spot in the
               stash hierarchy.  "stash" is the stash that has been assigned. "oldstash" is the stash it
               replaces, if any.  "gv" is the glob that is actually being assigned to.

               This can also be called with a null first argument to indicate that "oldstash" has been
               deleted.

               This function invalidates isa caches on the old stash, on all subpackages nested inside it,
               and on the subclasses of all those, including non-existent packages that have corresponding
               entries in "stash".

               It also sets the effective names ("HvENAME") on all the stashes as appropriate.

               If the "gv" is present and is not in the symbol table, then this function simply returns.
               This checked will be skipped if "flags & 1".

                       void    mro_package_moved(HV * const stash,
                                                 HV * const oldstash,
                                                 const GV * const gv,
                                                 U32 flags)

Optree Manipulation Functions
       finalize_optree
               This function finalizes the optree. Should be called directly after the complete optree is
               built. It does some additional checking which can't be done in the normal ck_xxx functions
               and makes the tree thread-safe.

                       void    finalize_optree(OP* o)

Pad Data Structures
       CX_CURPAD_SAVE
               Save the current pad in the given context block structure.

                       void    CX_CURPAD_SAVE(struct context)

       CX_CURPAD_SV
               Access the SV at offset po in the saved current pad in the given context block structure (can
               be used as an lvalue).

                       SV *    CX_CURPAD_SV(struct context, PADOFFSET po)

       PAD_BASE_SV
               Get the value from slot "po" in the base (DEPTH=1) pad of a padlist

                       SV *    PAD_BASE_SV(PADLIST padlist, PADOFFSET po)

       PAD_CLONE_VARS
               Clone the state variables associated with running and compiling pads.

                       void    PAD_CLONE_VARS(PerlInterpreter *proto_perl,
                                              CLONE_PARAMS* param)

       PAD_COMPNAME_FLAGS
               Return the flags for the current compiling pad name at offset "po". Assumes a valid slot
               entry.

                       U32     PAD_COMPNAME_FLAGS(PADOFFSET po)

       PAD_COMPNAME_GEN
               The generation number of the name at offset "po" in the current compiling pad (lvalue). Note
               that "SvUVX" is hijacked for this purpose.

                       STRLEN  PAD_COMPNAME_GEN(PADOFFSET po)

       PAD_COMPNAME_GEN_set
               Sets the generation number of the name at offset "po" in the current ling pad (lvalue) to
               "gen".  Note that "SvUV_set" is hijacked for this purpose.

                       STRLEN  PAD_COMPNAME_GEN_set(PADOFFSET po, int gen)

       PAD_COMPNAME_OURSTASH
               Return the stash associated with an "our" variable.  Assumes the slot entry is a valid "our"
               lexical.

                       HV *    PAD_COMPNAME_OURSTASH(PADOFFSET po)

       PAD_COMPNAME_PV
               Return the name of the current compiling pad name at offset "po". Assumes a valid slot entry.

                       char *  PAD_COMPNAME_PV(PADOFFSET po)

       PAD_COMPNAME_TYPE
               Return the type (stash) of the current compiling pad name at offset "po". Must be a valid
               name. Returns null if not typed.

                       HV *    PAD_COMPNAME_TYPE(PADOFFSET po)

       pad_peg When PERL_MAD is enabled, this is a small no-op function that gets called at the start of
               each pad-related function.  It can be breakpointed to track all pad operations.  The
               parameter is a string indicating the type of pad operation being performed.

               NOTE: this function is experimental and may change or be removed without notice.

                       void    pad_peg(const char *s)

       PAD_RESTORE_LOCAL
               Restore the old pad saved into the local variable opad by PAD_SAVE_LOCAL()

                       void    PAD_RESTORE_LOCAL(PAD *opad)

       PAD_SAVE_LOCAL
               Save the current pad to the local variable opad, then make the current pad equal to npad

                       void    PAD_SAVE_LOCAL(PAD *opad, PAD *npad)

       PAD_SAVE_SETNULLPAD
               Save the current pad then set it to null.

                       void    PAD_SAVE_SETNULLPAD()

       PAD_SETSV
               Set the slot at offset "po" in the current pad to "sv"

                       SV *    PAD_SETSV(PADOFFSET po, SV* sv)

       PAD_SET_CUR
               Set the current pad to be pad "n" in the padlist, saving the previous current pad. NB
               currently this macro expands to a string too long for some compilers, so it's best to replace
               it with

                   SAVECOMPPAD();
                   PAD_SET_CUR_NOSAVE(padlist,n);


                       void    PAD_SET_CUR(PADLIST padlist, I32 n)

       PAD_SET_CUR_NOSAVE
               like PAD_SET_CUR, but without the save

                       void    PAD_SET_CUR_NOSAVE(PADLIST padlist, I32 n)

       PAD_SV  Get the value at offset "po" in the current pad

                       void    PAD_SV(PADOFFSET po)

       PAD_SVl Lightweight and lvalue version of "PAD_SV".  Get or set the value at offset "po" in the
               current pad.  Unlike "PAD_SV", does not print diagnostics with -DX.  For internal use only.

                       SV *    PAD_SVl(PADOFFSET po)

       SAVECLEARSV
               Clear the pointed to pad value on scope exit. (i.e. the runtime action of 'my')

                       void    SAVECLEARSV(SV **svp)

       SAVECOMPPAD
               save PL_comppad and PL_curpad

                       void    SAVECOMPPAD()

       SAVEPADSV
               Save a pad slot (used to restore after an iteration)

               XXX DAPM it would make more sense to make the arg a PADOFFSET      void SAVEPADSV(PADOFFSET
               po)

Per-Interpreter Variables
       PL_DBsingle
               When Perl is run in debugging mode, with the -d switch, this SV is a boolean which indicates
               whether subs are being single-stepped.  Single-stepping is automatically turned on after
               every step.  This is the C variable which corresponds to Perl's $DB::single variable.  See
               "PL_DBsub".

                       SV *    PL_DBsingle

       PL_DBsub
               When Perl is run in debugging mode, with the -d switch, this GV contains the SV which holds
               the name of the sub being debugged.  This is the C variable which corresponds to Perl's
               $DB::sub variable.  See "PL_DBsingle".

                       GV *    PL_DBsub

       PL_DBtrace
               Trace variable used when Perl is run in debugging mode, with the -d switch.  This is the C
               variable which corresponds to Perl's $DB::trace variable.  See "PL_DBsingle".

                       SV *    PL_DBtrace

       PL_dowarn
               The C variable which corresponds to Perl's $^W warning variable.

                       bool    PL_dowarn

       PL_last_in_gv
               The GV which was last used for a filehandle input operation. ("<FH>")

                       GV*     PL_last_in_gv

       PL_ofsgv
               The glob containing the output field separator - "*," in Perl space.

                       GV*     PL_ofsgv

       PL_rs   The input record separator - $/ in Perl space.

                       SV*     PL_rs

Stack Manipulation Macros
       djSP    Declare Just "SP". This is actually identical to "dSP", and declares a local copy of perl's
               stack pointer, available via the "SP" macro.  See "SP".  (Available for backward source code
               compatibility with the old (Perl 5.005) thread model.)

                               djSP;

       LVRET   True if this op will be the return value of an lvalue subroutine

SV Manipulation Functions
       sv_add_arena
               Given a chunk of memory, link it to the head of the list of arenas, and split it into a list
               of free SVs.

                       void    sv_add_arena(char *const ptr, const U32 size,
                                            const U32 flags)

       sv_clean_all
               Decrement the refcnt of each remaining SV, possibly triggering a cleanup.  This function may
               have to be called multiple times to free SVs which are in complex self-referential
               hierarchies.

                       I32     sv_clean_all()

       sv_clean_objs
               Attempt to destroy all objects not yet freed.

                       void    sv_clean_objs()

       sv_free_arenas
               Deallocate the memory used by all arenas.  Note that all the individual SV heads and bodies
               within the arenas must already have been freed.

                       void    sv_free_arenas()

SV-Body Allocation
       sv_2num Return an SV with the numeric value of the source SV, doing any necessary reference or
               overload conversion.  You must use the "SvNUM(sv)" macro to access this function.

               NOTE: this function is experimental and may change or be removed without notice.

                       SV*     sv_2num(SV *const sv)

       sv_ref  Returns a SV describing what the SV passed in is a reference to.

                       SV*     sv_ref(SV *dst, const SV *const sv,
                                      const int ob)

Unicode Support
       find_uninit_var
               Find the name of the undefined variable (if any) that caused the operator to issue a "Use of
               uninitialized value" warning.  If match is true, only return a name if its value matches
               uninit_sv.  So roughly speaking, if a unary operator (such as OP_COS) generates a warning,
               then following the direct child of the op may yield an OP_PADSV or OP_GV that gives the name
               of the undefined variable.  On the other hand, with OP_ADD there are two branches to follow,
               so we only print the variable name if we get an exact match.

               The name is returned as a mortal SV.

               Assumes that PL_op is the op that originally triggered the error, and that
               PL_comppad/PL_curpad points to the currently executing pad.

               NOTE: this function is experimental and may change or be removed without notice.

                       SV*     find_uninit_var(const OP *const obase,
                                               const SV *const uninit_sv,
                                               bool top)

       report_uninit
               Print appropriate "Use of uninitialized variable" warning.

                       void    report_uninit(const SV *uninit_sv)

Undocumented functions
       The following functions are currently undocumented.  If you use one of them, you may wish to consider
       creating and submitting documentation for it.

       _add_range_to_invlist
       _core_swash_init
       _invlist_array_init
       _invlist_contents
       _invlist_intersection
       _invlist_intersection_maybe_complement_2nd
       _invlist_invert
       _invlist_invert_prop
       _invlist_populate_swatch
       _invlist_subtract
       _invlist_union
       _invlist_union_maybe_complement_2nd
       _is_utf8__perl_idstart
       _new_invlist
       _swash_inversion_hash
       _swash_to_invlist
       _to_fold_latin1
       _to_upper_title_latin1
       aassign_common_vars
       add_cp_to_invlist
       addmad
       allocmy
       amagic_is_enabled
       append_madprops
       apply
       av_reify
       bind_match
       block_end
       block_start
       boot_core_PerlIO
       boot_core_UNIVERSAL
       boot_core_mro
       cando
       check_utf8_print
       ck_entersub_args_core
       convert
       coresub_op
       create_eval_scope
       cv_ckproto_len_flags
       cvgv_set
       cvstash_set
       deb_stack_all
       delete_eval_scope
       die_unwind
       do_aexec
       do_aexec5
       do_eof
       do_exec
       do_exec3
       do_execfree
       do_ipcctl
       do_ipcget
       do_msgrcv
       do_msgsnd
       do_ncmp
       do_op_xmldump
       do_pmop_xmldump
       do_print
       do_readline
       do_seek
       do_semop
       do_shmio
       do_sysseek
       do_tell
       do_trans
       do_vecget
       do_vecset
       do_vop
       dofile
       dump_all_perl
       dump_packsubs_perl
       dump_sub_perl
       dump_sv_child
       emulate_cop_io
       feature_is_enabled
       find_rundefsv2
       find_script
       free_tied_hv_pool
       get_db_sub
       get_debug_opts
       get_hash_seed
       get_invlist_iter_addr
       get_invlist_len_addr
       get_invlist_version_id_addr
       get_invlist_zero_addr
       get_no_modify
       get_opargs
       get_re_arg
       getenv_len
       hfree_next_entry
       hv_backreferences_p
       hv_kill_backrefs
       hv_undef_flags
       init_argv_symbols
       init_dbargs
       init_debugger
       invert
       invlist_array
       invlist_clone
       invlist_iterinit
       invlist_len
       invlist_max
       invlist_set_len
       invlist_trim
       io_close
       is_utf8_X_L
       is_utf8_X_LV
       is_utf8_X_LVT
       is_utf8_X_LV_LVT_V
       is_utf8_X_T
       is_utf8_X_V
       is_utf8_X_begin
       is_utf8_X_extend
       is_utf8_X_non_hangul
       is_utf8_X_prepend
       jmaybe
       keyword
       keyword_plugin_standard
       list
       localize
       mad_free
       madlex
       madparse
       magic_clear_all_env
       magic_clearenv
       magic_clearisa
       magic_clearpack
       magic_clearsig
       magic_existspack
       magic_freearylen_p
       magic_freeovrld
       magic_get
       magic_getarylen
       magic_getdefelem
       magic_getnkeys
       magic_getpack
       magic_getpos
       magic_getsig
       magic_getsubstr
       magic_gettaint
       magic_getuvar
       magic_getvec
       magic_killbackrefs
       magic_len
       magic_nextpack
       magic_regdata_cnt
       magic_regdatum_get
       magic_regdatum_set
       magic_scalarpack
       magic_set
       magic_set_all_env
       magic_setamagic
       magic_setarylen
       magic_setcollxfrm
       magic_setdbline
       magic_setdefelem
       magic_setenv
       magic_setisa
       magic_setmglob
       magic_setnkeys
       magic_setpack
       magic_setpos
       magic_setregexp
       magic_setsig
       magic_setsubstr
       magic_settaint
       magic_setutf8
       magic_setuvar
       magic_setvec
       magic_setvstring
       magic_sizepack
       magic_wipepack
       malloc_good_size
       malloced_size
       mem_collxfrm
       mode_from_discipline
       more_bodies
       mro_meta_dup
       mro_meta_init
       munge_qwlist_to_paren_list
       my_attrs
       my_betoh16
       my_betoh32
       my_betoh64
       my_betohi
       my_betohl
       my_betohs
       my_clearenv
       my_htobe16
       my_htobe32
       my_htobe64
       my_htobei
       my_htobel
       my_htobes
       my_htole16
       my_htole32
       my_htole64
       my_htolei
       my_htolel
       my_htoles
       my_letoh16
       my_letoh32
       my_letoh64
       my_letohi
       my_letohl
       my_letohs
       my_lstat_flags
       my_stat_flags
       my_swabn
       my_unexec
       newATTRSUB_flags
       newGP
       newMADPROP
       newMADsv
       newTOKEN
       newXS_len_flags
       new_warnings_bitfield
       nextargv
       oopsAV
       oopsHV
       op_clear
       op_const_sv
       op_getmad
       op_getmad_weak
       op_integerize
       op_lvalue_flags
       op_refcnt_dec
       op_refcnt_inc
       op_std_init
       op_xmldump
       package
       package_version
       parse_unicode_opts
       parser_free
       peep
       pending_Slabs_to_ro
       pmop_xmldump
       pmruntime
       populate_isa
       prepend_madprops
       qerror
       reg_named_buff
       reg_named_buff_iter
       reg_numbered_buff_fetch
       reg_numbered_buff_length
       reg_numbered_buff_store
       reg_qr_package
       reg_temp_copy
       regcurly
       regprop
       report_evil_fh
       report_redefined_cv
       report_wrongway_fh
       rpeep
       rsignal_restore
       rsignal_save
       rxres_save
       same_dirent
       sawparens
       scalar
       scalarvoid
       set_regclass_bit
       sighandler
       softref2xv
       sub_crush_depth
       sv_add_backref
       sv_catxmlpv
       sv_catxmlpvn
       sv_catxmlsv
       sv_compile_2op_is_broken
       sv_del_backref
       sv_free2
       sv_kill_backrefs
       sv_sethek
       sv_setsv_cow
       sv_unglob
       sv_xmlpeek
       tied_method
       token_free
       token_getmad
       translate_substr_offsets
       try_amagic_bin
       try_amagic_un
       unshare_hek
       utilize
       varname
       vivify_defelem
       vivify_ref
       wait4pid
       was_lvalue_sub
       watch
       write_to_stderr
       xmldump_all
       xmldump_all_perl
       xmldump_eval
       xmldump_form
       xmldump_indent
       xmldump_packsubs
       xmldump_packsubs_perl
       xmldump_sub
       xmldump_sub_perl
       xmldump_vindent
       xs_apiversion_bootcheck
       xs_version_bootcheck
       yyerror
       yyerror_pv
       yyerror_pvn
       yylex
       yyparse
       yyunlex

AUTHORS
       The autodocumentation system was originally added to the Perl core by Benjamin Stuhl. Documentation
       is by whoever was kind enough to document their functions.

SEE ALSO
       perlguts, perlapi



perl v5.16.2                                     2013-08-25                                    PERLINTERN(1)