Страницы справочника OS X

Эта страница руководства для  версии 10.9 Mac OS X

Читать страницы руководства

symbols(1)                BSD General Commands Manual               symbols(1)

NAME
     symbols -- display symbol information about a file or process

SYNOPSIS
     symbols [-help] [-w] [-uuid] [-arch arch_name] [-saveSignature path] [-lookup (_x1234 | symbol) ...]
             file...  pid...  process-name...  signature...

DESCRIPTION
     The symbols command may be used to examine library, symbol, and source line information in files and
     running processes.

     You may need root priviledges to examine running processes.

     The symbols command can be used to determine symbol availability to tools such as Instruments, dtrace,
     and sample.

COMMON OPTIONS
     -help            Print a more extensive list of options

     -v               Print version information

     -w               Print wide output, do not clip to terminal width

     -uuid            Print UUID info only.

     -arch arch_name  Specify the target architecture. The default value is any , which matches the first
                      available architecture. The value all may be used to iterate over all architectures in
                      a target. The arch name may also be any of the commonly used architecture mnemonics,
                      for example i386, x86_64, or arm

     -cpuTpe #        Specify the target architecture cpu type as a numeric value

     -cpuSubtype #    Specify the target architecture cpu subtype as a numeric value

     -noHeaders       Do not print library level information. This also supresses printing of any lower
                      level information, which implies -noRegions, -noSymbols, and -noSources

     -noRegions       Do not print segment/section level information. This also supresses printing of any
                      lower level information, which implies -noSymbols and -noSources

     -noSymbols       Do not print symbol level information. This also supresses printing of any lower level
                      information, which implies -noSources

     -noSources       Do not print source level information

     -noDemangling    Do not print the human readable form of symbol names, instead print the name used by
                      the linker

     -printSignature  Print a "signature" for each target, which can later be used as input to the symbols
                      command. This is a way to archive target data for later use. See also the
                      -saveSignature flag

     -deepSignature   Causes all signatures to be "deep copies", containing complete copies of all available
                      information

     -fullSourcePath  Print the entire source path for each source info

     -printDsymPaths  Print the path of the dSYM file (if found) used when creating symbol information

     -lookup (_x1234 | symbol)
                      Find one or more addresses or symbols in the targets. Symbols may contain simple shell
                      globbing style patterns.

OUTPUT
     Output from symbols has the following format:

     target [arch_name, elapsed-time]:
       UUID symbol-owner-path [FLAGS]
         address (size) region-name
           address (size) symbol-name [FLAGS]
             address (size) sourcefile : line #

     Symbol owner flags have the following meanings:

     PROT             A load command has the SG_PROTECTED_VERSION_1 flag set
     AOUT             This symbol owner is an executable
     DYLIB            This symbol owner is a dylib or framework
     DYLIB-STUB       This symbol owner is used only by the linker
     DYLD             This symbol owner is the runtime dynamic linker
     BUNDLE           This symbol owner is a loadable bundle
     OBJECT           This symbol owner is an unlinked object file
     KEXT-BUNDLE      This symbol owner is a kext
     dSYM_v#          This symbol owner is a dSYM, of version '#'
     DYLDSHAREDCACHE  This symbol owner was found in the dyld shared cache
     ObjC-RR          This symbol owner supports manual retain-release
     ObjC-GC          This symbol owner supports old-style garbage collection
     SLID             This symbol owner was relocated from its base address
     PIE              This symbol owner is compiled position independent
     RESTRICTED       This symbol owner has a restrict segment/section
     STATIC-LIB       This symbol-owner is from a static library (.a)
     FaultedFromDisk  The data for this symbol owner was found on disk
     FaultedFromTask  The data for this symbol owner was retrieved from a running task
     FaultedFromSelfDyldSharedCache
                      The data for this symbol owner was found in the current processes dyld shared cache
     Found-dSYM       A dSYM was found for this symbol owner
     Found-Binary-via-dSYM-colocation
                      The binary for this symbol owner was found by looking up the dSYM, and then looking
                      next to the dSYM
     Found-Binary-via-dSYM-plist
                      The binary for this symbol owner was found by looking up the dSYM, and then reading
                      its plist
     MMap32           The symbol owner is using a mmap'd file cache for symbol information
     MMap64           The symbol owner is using a mmap'd file cache for symbol information
     Empty            No data was found for this symbol owner

     Symbol flags have the following meanings:

     FUNC                   This symbol has executable code
     DYLD-STUB              This symbol is a stub used by the dynamic linker
     OBJC                   This symbol is an Objective C method
     THUMB                  This symbol uses thumb instruction encoding
     OMIT-FP                This symbol does not create a frame pointer.
     EXT                    This symbol has external visibility
     PEXT                   This symbol has private-external visibility
     LENGTH                 The length of this symbol is known, not guessed
     NameNList              The name of this symbol comes from NList data
     NameDwarf              The name of this symbol comes from Dwarf data
     NameDwarfMIPSLinkage   The name of this symbol is from specialized Dwarf
     MangledNameNList       The mangled name of this symbol is from NList data
     MangledNameDwarf       The mangled name of this symbol is from Dwarf data
     MangledNameDwarfMIPSLinkage
                            The mangled name of this symbol is from specialized Dwarf
     Merged                 This symbol has multiple data sources
     NList                  This symbol was found in NList data
     Dwarf                  This symbol was found in Dwarf data
     DebugMap               This symbol was found in DebugMap data
     FunctionStarts         This symbol was found in function starts data

SOURCES OF SYMBOL INFORMATION
     symbols uses multiple sources of symbol information. All sources are queried, and the resulting data is
     merged.

     NLIST symbol information is found in the LINKEDIT segment. It is imprecise, and only contains a start-ing starting
     ing address, not a length or ending address. Nlist data is not required to (and typically does not)
     reference all symbols. Usually only external symbol information is available. Even that may be removed
     by use of strip(1)

     DEBUG MAP symbol information is multi-part. A per-symbol reference in the original file points to an
     external file containing additional debug information, usually DWARF.

     FUNCTION STARTS symbol information is found in the LC_FUNCTION_STARTS load command of the target. It is
     imprecise, and only contains a starting address, not a length or ending address. Furthermore, it con-tains contains
     tains no name or mangled name information. The LC_FUNCTION_STARTS load command is optional, it may not
     be found in all targets.

     DWARF symbol information is true debug info. It is usually precise (but it is not required to be). When
     available, dwarf information is treated as more reliable than any other information source, and con-flicts conflicts
     flicts are resolved in favor of dwarf data.

     DSYM. A dSYM is an external file containing DWARF and NLIST symbol information.

KERNEL SYMBOLS
     Kernel symbols are available by using the special pid "-1". This includes loaded kexts.

SIGNATURES
     A signature is the information needed to reconstruct symbol information at a later date. For example, a
     signature contains a list of libraries, and for each library a UUID and the addresses the segments were
     loaded at. You can also ask for a "deep" signature, which contains complete information about every
     piece of information symbols could find. This can be very useful for later diagnosis and exploration.

EXAMPLES
     symbols /System/Library/Frameworks/AppKit.framework/AppKit
             Print out all symbol and source line information in the default architecture of AppKit.

     symbols -uuid /System/Library/Frameworks/AppKit.framework/AppKit
             Print out summarized UUID information for each arch in AppKit.

     symbols -arch i386 /System/Library/Frameworks/AppKit.framework/AppKit
             Print out all symbol and source line information in the i386 architecture of AppKit.

     symbols 7085
             Print out all symbol and source line information in pid 7085.

     symbols 7085 -lookup 0x7fff5bf0008
             Print the symbol and source line information in pid 7085 at address 0x7fff5bf0008.

     symbols Safari
             Attempt to find a process named Safari, and print its symbol and source line information.

     symbols -deepSignature -saveSignature /tmp/Safari.signature
             Attempt to find a process named Safari, and save a copy of all discoverable information to a
             file in /tmp.

     symbols /tmp/Safari.signature -lookup "*alloc*"
             Using the cached information in /tmp/Safari.signature, find every method/function matching the
             wildcard name *alloc*

     symbols -w -1
             Print out in wide format all available information on kernel symbols"

Darwin                         October 11, 2013                         Darwin