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DBIx::Class::Schema::Versioned(3)    User Contributed Perl Documentation   DBIx::Class::Schema::Versioned(3)



NAME
       DBIx::Class::Schema::Versioned - DBIx::Class::Schema plugin for Schema upgrades

SYNOPSIS
         package MyApp::Schema;
         use base qw/DBIx::Class::Schema/;

         our $VERSION = 0.001;

         # load MyApp::Schema::CD, MyApp::Schema::Book, MyApp::Schema::DVD
         __PACKAGE__->load_classes(qw/CD Book DVD/);

         __PACKAGE__->load_components(qw/Schema::Versioned/);
         __PACKAGE__->upgrade_directory('/path/to/upgrades/');

DESCRIPTION
       This module provides methods to apply DDL changes to your database using SQL diff files. Normally
       these diff files would be created using "create_ddl_dir" in DBIx::Class::Schema.

       A table called dbix_class_schema_versions is created and maintained by the module. This is used to
       determine which version your database is currently at.  Similarly the $VERSION in your DBIC schema
       class is used to determine the current DBIC schema version.

       The upgrade is initiated manually by calling "upgrade" on your schema object, this will attempt to
       upgrade the database from its current version to the current schema version using a diff from your
       upgrade_directory. If a suitable diff is not found then no upgrade is possible.

SEE ALSO
       DBIx::Class::DeploymentHandler is a much more powerful alternative to this module.  Examples of
       things it can do that this module cannot do include

       •   Downgrades in addition to upgrades

       •   Multiple sql files files per upgrade/downgrade/install

       •   Perl scripts allowed for upgrade/downgrade/install

       •   Just one set of files needed for upgrade, unlike this module where one might need to generate
           "factorial(scalar @versions)"

GETTING STARTED
       Firstly you need to setup your schema class as per the "SYNOPSIS", make sure you have specified an
       upgrade_directory and an initial $VERSION.

       Then you'll need two scripts, one to create DDL files and diffs and another to perform upgrades. Your
       creation script might look like a bit like this:

         use strict;
         use Pod::Usage;
         use Getopt::Long;
         use MyApp::Schema;

         my ( $preversion, $help );
         GetOptions(
           'p|preversion:s'  => \$preversion,
         ) or die pod2usage;

         my $schema = MyApp::Schema->connect(
           $dsn,
           $user,
           $password,
         );
         my $sql_dir = './sql';
         my $version = $schema->schema_version();
         $schema->create_ddl_dir( 'MySQL', $version, $sql_dir, $preversion );

       Then your upgrade script might look like so:

         use strict;
         use MyApp::Schema;

         my $schema = MyApp::Schema->connect(
           $dsn,
           $user,
           $password,
         );

         if (!$schema->get_db_version()) {
           # schema is unversioned
           $schema->deploy();
         } else {
           $schema->upgrade();
         }

       The script above assumes that if the database is unversioned then it is empty and we can safely
       deploy the DDL to it. However things are not always so simple.

       if you want to initialise a pre-existing database where the DDL is not the same as the DDL for your
       current schema version then you will need a diff which converts the database's DDL to the current
       DDL. The best way to do this is to get a dump of the database schema (without data) and save that in
       your SQL directory as version 0.000 (the filename must be as with "ddl_filename" in
       DBIx::Class::Schema) then create a diff using your create DDL script given above from version 0.000
       to the current version. Then hand check and if necessary edit the resulting diff to ensure that it
       will apply. Once you have done all that you can do this:

         if (!$schema->get_db_version()) {
           # schema is unversioned
           $schema->install("0.000");
         }

         # this will now apply the 0.000 to current version diff
         $schema->upgrade();

       In the case of an unversioned database the above code will create the dbix_class_schema_versions
       table and write version 0.000 to it, then upgrade will then apply the diff we talked about creating
       in the previous paragraph and then you're good to go.

METHODS
   upgrade_directory
       Use this to set the directory your upgrade files are stored in.

   backup_directory
       Use this to set the directory you want your backups stored in (note that backups are disabled by
       default).

   install
       Arguments: $db_version

       Call this to initialise a previously unversioned database. The table 'dbix_class_schema_versions'
       will be created which will be used to store the database version.

       Takes one argument which should be the version that the database is currently at. Defaults to the
       return value of "schema_version".

       See "getting_started" for more details.

   deploy
       Same as "deploy" in DBIx::Class::Schema but also calls "install".

   create_upgrade_path
       Arguments: { upgrade_file => $file }

       Virtual method that should be overridden to create an upgrade file.  This is useful in the case of
       upgrading across multiple versions to concatenate several files to create one upgrade file.

       You'll probably want the db_version retrieved via $self->get_db_version and the schema_version which
       is retrieved via $self->schema_version

   ordered_schema_versions
       Returns: a list of version numbers, ordered from lowest to highest

       Virtual method that should be overridden to return an ordered list of schema versions. This is then
       used to produce a set of steps to upgrade through to achieve the required schema version.

       You may want the db_version retrieved via $self->get_db_version and the schema_version which is
       retrieved via $self->schema_version

   upgrade
       Call this to attempt to upgrade your database from the version it is at to the version this DBIC
       schema is at. If they are the same it does nothing.

       It will call "ordered_schema_versions" to retrieve an ordered list of schema versions (if
       ordered_schema_versions returns nothing then it is assumed you can do the upgrade as a single step).
       It then iterates through the list of versions between the current db version and the schema version
       applying one update at a time until all relevant updates are applied.

       The individual update steps are performed by using "upgrade_single_step", which will apply the update
       and also update the dbix_class_schema_versions table.

   upgrade_single_step
       Arguments: db_version - the version currently within the db
       Arguments: target_version - the version to upgrade to

       Call this to attempt to upgrade your database from the db_version to the target_version. If they are
       the same it does nothing.

       It requires an SQL diff file to exist in your upgrade_directory, normally you will have created this
       using "create_ddl_dir" in DBIx::Class::Schema.

       If successful the dbix_class_schema_versions table is updated with the target_version.

       This method may be called repeatedly by the upgrade method to upgrade through a series of updates.

   do_upgrade
       This is an overwritable method used to run your upgrade. The freeform method allows you to run your
       upgrade any way you please, you can call "run_upgrade" any number of times to run the actual SQL
       commands, and in between you can sandwich your data upgrading. For example, first run all the CREATE
       commands, then migrate your data from old to new tables/formats, then issue the DROP commands when
       you are finished. Will run the whole file as it is by default.

   run_upgrade
        $self->run_upgrade(qr/create/i);

       Runs a set of SQL statements matching a passed in regular expression. The idea is that this method
       can be called any number of times from your "do_upgrade" method, running whichever commands you
       specify via the regex in the parameter. Probably won't work unless called from the overridable
       do_upgrade method.

   apply_statement
       Takes an SQL statement and runs it. Override this if you want to handle errors differently.

   get_db_version
       Returns the version that your database is currently at. This is determined by the values in the
       dbix_class_schema_versions table that "upgrade" and "install" write to.

   schema_version
       Returns the current schema class' $VERSION

   backup
       This is an overwritable method which is called just before the upgrade, to allow you to make a backup
       of the database. Per default this method attempts to call "$self->storage->backup", to run the
       standard backup on each database type.

       This method should return the name of the backup file, if appropriate..

       This method is disabled by default. Set $schema->do_backup(1) to enable it.

   connection
       Overloaded method. This checks the DBIC schema version against the DB version and warns if they are
       not the same or if the DB is unversioned. It also provides compatibility between the old versions
       table (SchemaVersions) and the new one (dbix_class_schema_versions).

       To avoid the checks on connect, set the environment var DBIC_NO_VERSION_CHECK or alternatively you
       can set the ignore_version attr in the forth argument like so:

         my $schema = MyApp::Schema->connect(
           $dsn,
           $user,
           $password,
           { ignore_version => 1 },
         );

AUTHORS
       Jess Robinson <castaway@desert-island.me.uk> Luke Saunders <luke@shadowcatsystems.co.uk>

LICENSE
       You may distribute this code under the same terms as Perl itself.



perl v5.16.2                                     2012-10-18                DBIx::Class::Schema::Versioned(3)