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File::chdir(3)                       User Contributed Perl Documentation                      File::chdir(3)



NAME
       File::chdir - a more sensible way to change directories

VERSION
       This documentation describes version 0.1004.

SYNOPSIS
          use File::chdir;

          $CWD = "/foo/bar";     # now in /foo/bar
          {
              local $CWD = "/moo/baz";  # now in /moo/baz
              ...
          }

          # still in /foo/bar!

DESCRIPTION
       Perl's "chdir()" has the unfortunate problem of being very, very, very global.  If any part of your
       program calls "chdir()" or if any library you use calls "chdir()", it changes the current working
       directory for the whole program.

       This sucks.

       File::chdir gives you an alternative, $CWD and @CWD.  These two variables combine all the power of
       "chdir()", File::Spec and Cwd.

$CWD
       Use the $CWD variable instead of "chdir()" and Cwd.

            use File::chdir;
            $CWD = $dir;  # just like chdir($dir)!
            print $CWD;   # prints the current working directory

       It can be localized, and it does the right thing.

            $CWD = "/foo";      # it's /foo out here.
            {
                local $CWD = "/bar";  # /bar in here
            }
            # still /foo out here!

       $CWD always returns the absolute path in the native form for the operating system.

       $CWD and normal "chdir()" work together just fine.

@CWD
       @CWD represents the current working directory as an array, each directory in the path is an element
       of the array.  This can often make the directory easier to manipulate, and you don't have to fumble
       with "File::Spec->splitpath" and "File::Spec->catdir" to make portable code.

          # Similar to chdir("/usr/local/src/perl")
          @CWD = qw(usr local src perl);

       pop, push, shift, unshift and splice all work.  pop and push are probably the most useful.

          pop @CWD;                 # same as chdir(File::Spec->updir)
          push @CWD, 'some_dir'     # same as chdir('some_dir')

       @CWD and $CWD both work fine together.

       NOTE Due to a perl bug you can't localize @CWD.  See "BUGS and" for a work around.

EXAMPLES
       (We omit the "use File::chdir" from these examples for terseness)

       Here's $CWD instead of "chdir()":

            $CWD = 'foo';           # chdir('foo')

       and now instead of Cwd.

            print $CWD;             # use Cwd;  print Cwd::abs_path

       you can even do zsh style "cd foo bar"

            $CWD = '/usr/local/foo';
            $CWD =~ s/usr/var/;

       if you want to localize that, make sure you get the parens right

            {
                (local $CWD) =~ s/usr/var/;
                ...
            }

       It's most useful for writing polite subroutines which don't leave the program in some strange
       directory:

            sub foo {
                local $CWD = 'some/other/dir';
                ...do your work...
            }

       which is much simpler than the equivalent:

            sub foo {
                use Cwd;
                my $orig_dir = Cwd::abs_path;
                chdir('some/other/dir');

                ...do your work...

                chdir($orig_dir);
            }

       @CWD comes in handy when you want to start moving up and down the directory hierarchy in a cross-platform crossplatform
       platform manner without having to use File::Spec.

            pop @CWD;                   # chdir(File::Spec->updir);
            push @CWD, 'some', 'dir'    # chdir(File::Spec->catdir(qw(some dir)));

       You can easily change your parent directory:

            # chdir from /some/dir/bar/moo to /some/dir/foo/moo
            $CWD[-2] = 'foo';

CAVEATS
       Assigning to @CWD calls "chdir()" for each element

            @CWD = qw/a b c d/;

       Internally, Perl clears @CWD and assigns each element in turn.  Thus, this code above will do this:

            chdir 'a';
            chdir 'a/b';
            chdir 'a/b/c';
            chdir 'a/b/c/d';

       Generally, avoid assigning to @CWD and just use push and pop instead.

       "local @CWD" does not work.

       "local @CWD>" will not localize @CWD.  This is a bug in Perl, you can't localize tied arrays.  As a
       work around localizing $CWD will effectively localize @CWD.

            {
                local $CWD;
                pop @CWD;
                ...
            }

       Volumes not handled

       There is currently no way to change the current volume via File::chdir.

NOTES
       $CWD returns the current directory using native path separators, i.e. \ on Win32.  This ensures that
       $CWD will compare correctly with directories created using File::Spec.  For example:

            my $working_dir = File::Spec->catdir( $CWD, "foo" );
            $CWD = $working_dir;
            doing_stuff_might_chdir();
            is( $CWD, $working_dir, "back to original working_dir?" );

       Deleting the last item of @CWD will act like a pop.  Deleting from the middle will throw an
       exception.

            delete @CWD[-1]; # OK
            delete @CWD[-2]; # Dies

       What should %CWD do?  Something with volumes?

            # chdir to C:\Program Files\Sierra\Half Life ?
            $CWD{C} = '\\Program Files\\Sierra\\Half Life';

DIAGNOSTICS
       If an error is encountered when changing $CWD or @CWD, one of the following exceptions will be
       thrown:

       •   Can't delete except at the end of @CWD

       •   Failed to change directory to '$dir'

BUGS
       Please report any bugs or feature using the CPAN Request Tracker.  Bugs can be submitted through the
       web interface at http://rt.cpan.org/Dist/Display.html?Queue=File-chdir
       <http://rt.cpan.org/Dist/Display.html?Queue=File-chdir>

       When submitting a bug or request, please include a test-file or a patch to an existing test-file that
       illustrates the bug or desired feature.

AUTHOR
       •   Michael G Schwern <schwern@pobox.com> (original author)

       •   David A Golden <dagolden@cpan.org> (current maintainer)

LICENSE
       Copyright 2001-2003 by Michael G Schwern <schwern@pobox.com>.  Portions copyright 2006-2007 by David
       A Golden <dagolden@cpan.org>.

       This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl
       itself.

       See <http://dev.perl.org/licenses/>

HISTORY
       Michael wanted "local chdir" to work.  p5p didn't.  But it wasn't over!  Was it over when the Germans
       bombed Pearl Harbor?  Hell, no!

       Abigail and/or Bryan Warnock suggested the $CWD thing (Michael forgets which).  They were right.

       The "chdir()" override was eliminated in 0.04.

       David became co-maintainer with 0.06_01 to fix some chronic Win32 path bugs.

       As of 0.08, if changing $CWD or @CWD fails to change the directory, an error will be thrown.

SEE ALSO
       File::pushd, File::Spec, Cwd, "chdir" in perlfunc, "Animal House"
       <http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0077975/quotes>



perl v5.12.5                                     2013-08-25                                   File::chdir(3)