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Mail::Internet(3)                    User Contributed Perl Documentation                   Mail::Internet(3)



NAME
       Mail::Internet - manipulate email messages

SYNOPSIS
         use Mail::Internet;
         my $msg = Mail::Internet->new(\*STDIN);

DESCRIPTION
       This package implements reading, creating, manipulating, and writing email messages.  Sometimes, the
       implementation tries to be too smart, but in the general case it works as expected.

       If you start writing a new application, you should use the Mail::Box distribution, which has more
       features and handles messages much better according to the RFCs.  See
       <http://perl.overmeer.net/mailbox/>.  You may also chose MIME::Entity, to get at least some multipart
       support in your application.

METHODS
   Constructors
       $obj->dup()
           Duplicate the message as a whole.  Both header and body will be deep-copied: a new Mail::Internet
           object is returned.

       $obj->extract(ARRAY-of-LINES)
           Extract header and body from an ARRAY of message lines.  Requires an object already created with
           new(), which contents will get overwritten.

       $obj->new([ARG], [OPTIONS])
       Mail::Internet->new([ARG], [OPTIONS])
           ARG is optional and may be either a file descriptor (reference to a GLOB) or a reference to an
           array. If given the new object will be initialized with headers and body either from the array of
           read from the file descriptor.

           The Mail::Header::new() OPTIONS "Modify", "MailFrom" and "FoldLength" may also be given.

            -Option--Default
             Body    []
             Header  undef

           Body => ARRAY-of-LINES
             The value of this option should be a reference to an array which contains the lines for the
             body of the message. Each line should be terminated with "\n" (LF). If Body is given then
             "Mail::Internet" will not attempt to read the body from "ARG" (even if it is specified).

           Header => Mail::Header
             The value of this option should be a Mail::Header object. If given then "Mail::Internet" will
             not attempt to read a mail header from "ARG", if it was specified.

       $obj->read(FILEHANDLE)
           Read a message from the FILEHANDLE into an already existing message object.  Better use new()
           with the FILEHANDLE as first argument.

   Accessors
       $obj->body([BODY])
           Returns the body of the message. This is a reference to an array.  Each entry in the array
           represents a single line in the message.

           If BODY is given, it can be a reference to an array or an array, then the body will be replaced.
           If a reference is passed, it is used directly and not copied, so any subsequent changes to the
           array will change the contents of the body.

       $obj->head()
           Returns the "Mail::Header" object which holds the headers for the current message

   Processing the message as a whole
       $obj->as_mbox_string([ALREADY_ESCAPED])
           Returns the message as a string in mbox format.  "ALREADY_ESCAPED", if given and true, indicates
           that escape_from() has already been called on this object.

       $obj->as_string()
           Returns the message as a single string.

       $obj->print([FILEHANDLE])
           Print the header, body or whole message to file descriptor FILEHANDLE.  $fd should be a reference
           to a GLOB. If FILEHANDLE is not given the output will be sent to STDOUT.

           example:

               $mail->print( \*STDOUT );  # Print message to STDOUT

       $obj->print_body([FILEHANDLE])
           Print only the body to the FILEHANDLE (default STDOUT).

       $obj->print_header([FILEHANDLE])
           Print only the header to the FILEHANDLE (default STDOUT).

   Processing the header
       Most of these methods are simply wrappers around methods provided by Mail::Header.

       $obj->add(PAIRS-of-FIELD)
           The PAIRS are field-name and field-content.  For each PAIR, Mail::Header::add() is called.  All
           fields are added after existing fields.  The last addition is returned.

       $obj->combine(TAG, [WITH])
           See Mail::Header::combine().

       $obj->delete(TAG, [TAGs])
           Delete all fields with the name TAG.  Mail::Header::delete() is doing the work.

       $obj->fold([LENGTH])
           See Mail::Header::fold().

       $obj->fold_length([TAG], [LENGTH])
           See Mail::Header::fold_length().

       $obj->get(TAG, [TAGs])
           In LIST context, all fields with the name TAG are returned.  In SCALAR context, only the first
           field which matches the earliest TAG is returned.  Mail::Header::get() is called to collect the
           data.

       $obj->header([ARRAY-of-LINES])
           See Mail::Header::header().

       $obj->replace(PAIRS-of-FIELD)
           The PAIRS are field-name and field-content.  For each PAIR, Mail::Header::replace() is called
           with INDEX 0. If a FIELD is already in the header, it will be removed first.  Do not specified
           the same field-name twice.

   Processing the body
       $obj->remove_sig([NLINES])
           Attempts to remove a users signature from the body of a message. It does this by looking for a
           line equal to '-- ' within the last "NLINES" of the message. If found then that line and all
           lines after it will be removed. If "NLINES" is not given a default value of 10 will be used. This
           would be of most use in auto-reply scripts.

       $obj->sign(OPTIONS)
           Add your signature to the body.  remove_sig() will strip existing signatures first.

            -Option   --Default
             File       undef
             Signature  []

           File => FILEHANDLE
             Take from the FILEHANDLE all lines starting from the first "--".

           Signature => STRING|ARRAY-of-LINES
       $obj->tidy_body()
           Removes all leading and trailing lines from the body that only contain white spaces.

   High-level functionality
       $obj->escape_from()
           It can cause problems with some applications if a message contains a line starting with `From ',
           in particular when attempting to split a folder.  This method inserts a leading "`"'> on anyline
           that matches the regular expression "/^"*From/>

       $obj->nntppost([OPTIONS])
           Post an article via NNTP.  Requires Net::NNTP to be installed.

            -Option--Default
             Debug   <false>
             Host    <required>
             Port    119

           Debug => BOOLEAN
             Debug value to pass to Net::NNTP, see Net::NNTP

           Host => HOSTNAME|Net::NNTP object
             Name of NNTP server to connect to, or a Net::NNTP object to use.

           Port => INTEGER
             Port number to connect to on remote host

       $obj->reply(OPTIONS)
           Create a new object with header initialised for a reply to the current object. And the body will
           be a copy of the current message indented.

           The ".mailhdr" file in your home directory (if exists) will be read first, to provide defaults.

            -Option  --Default
             Exclude   []
             Indent    '>'
             Keep      []
             ReplyAll  false

           Exclude => ARRAY-of-FIELDS
             Remove the listed FIELDS from the produced message.

           Indent => STRING
             Use as indentation string.  The string may contain "%%" to get a single "%", %f to get the
             first from name, %F is the first character of %f, %l is the last name, %L its first character,
             %n the whole from string, and %I the first character of each of the names in the from string.

           Keep => ARRAY-of-FIELDS
             Copy the listed FIELDS from the original message.

           ReplyAll => BOOLEAN
             Automatically include all To and Cc addresses of the original mail, excluding those mentioned
             in the Bcc list.

       $obj->send([TYPE, [ARGS...]])
           Send a Mail::Internet message using Mail::Mailer.  TYPE and ARGS are passed on to
           Mail::Mailer::new().

       $obj->smtpsend([OPTIONS])
           Send a Mail::Internet message using direct SMTP.  to the given ADDRESSES, each can be either a
           string or a reference to a list of email addresses. If none of "To", <Cc> or "Bcc" are given then
           the addresses are extracted from the message being sent.

           The return value will be a list of email addresses that the message was sent to. If the message
           was not sent the list will be empty.

           Requires Net::SMTP and Net::Domain to be installed.

            -Option  --Default
             Bcc       undef
             Cc        undef
             Debug     <false>
             Hello     localhost.localdomain
             Host      $ENV{SMTPHOSTS}
             MailFrom  Mail::Util::mailaddress()
             Port      25
             To        undef

           Bcc => ADDRESSES
           Cc => ADDRESSES
           Debug => BOOLEAN
             Debug value to pass to Net::SMPT, see <Net::SMTP>

           Hello => STRING
             Send a HELO (or EHLO) command to the server with the given name.

           Host => HOSTNAME
             Name of the SMTP server to connect to, or a Net::SMTP object to use

             If "Host" is not given then the SMTP host is found by attempting connections first to hosts
             specified in $ENV{SMTPHOSTS}, a colon separated list, then "mailhost" and "localhost".

           MailFrom => ADDRESS
             The e-mail address which is used as sender.  By default, Mail::Util::mailaddress() provides the
             address of the sender.

           Port => INTEGER
             Port number to connect to on remote host

           To => ADDRESSES
       $obj->unescape_from(())
           Remove the escaping added by escape_from().

SEE ALSO
       This module is part of the MailTools distribution, http://perl.overmeer.net/mailtools/.

AUTHORS
       The MailTools bundle was developed by Graham Barr.  Later, Mark Overmeer took over maintenance
       without commitment to further development.

       Mail::Cap by Gisle Aas <aas@oslonett.no>.  Mail::Field::AddrList by Peter Orbaek <poe@cit.dk>.
       Mail::Mailer and Mail::Send by Tim Bunce <Tim.Bunce@ig.co.uk>.  For other contributors see ChangeLog.

LICENSE
       Copyrights 1995-2000 Graham Barr <gbarr@pobox.com> and 2001-2007 Mark Overmeer <perl@overmeer.net>.

       This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl
       itself.  See http://www.perl.com/perl/misc/Artistic.html



perl v5.16.2                                     2012-08-29                                Mail::Internet(3)