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Net::FTP(3pm)                         Perl Programmers Reference Guide                         Net::FTP(3pm)



NAME
       Net::FTP - FTP Client class

SYNOPSIS
           use Net::FTP;

           $ftp = Net::FTP->new("some.host.name", Debug => 0)
             or die "Cannot connect to some.host.name: $@";

           $ftp->login("anonymous",'-anonymous@')
             or die "Cannot login ", $ftp->message;

           $ftp->cwd("/pub")
             or die "Cannot change working directory ", $ftp->message;

           $ftp->get("that.file")
             or die "get failed ", $ftp->message;

           $ftp->quit;

DESCRIPTION
       "Net::FTP" is a class implementing a simple FTP client in Perl as described in RFC959.  It provides
       wrappers for a subset of the RFC959 commands.

OVERVIEW
       FTP stands for File Transfer Protocol.  It is a way of transferring files between networked machines.
       The protocol defines a client (whose commands are provided by this module) and a server (not
       implemented in this module).  Communication is always initiated by the client, and the server
       responds with a message and a status code (and sometimes with data).

       The FTP protocol allows files to be sent to or fetched from the server.  Each transfer involves a
       local file (on the client) and a remote file (on the server).  In this module, the same file name
       will be used for both local and remote if only one is specified.  This means that transferring remote
       file "/path/to/file" will try to put that file in "/path/to/file" locally, unless you specify a local
       file name.

       The protocol also defines several standard translations which the file can undergo during transfer.
       These are ASCII, EBCDIC, binary, and byte.  ASCII is the default type, and indicates that the sender
       of files will translate the ends of lines to a standard representation which the receiver will then
       translate back into their local representation.  EBCDIC indicates the file being transferred is in
       EBCDIC format.  Binary (also known as image) format sends the data as a contiguous bit stream.  Byte
       format transfers the data as bytes, the values of which remain the same regardless of differences in
       byte size between the two machines (in theory - in practice you should only use this if you really
       know what you're doing).

CONSTRUCTOR
       new ([ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ])
           This is the constructor for a new Net::FTP object. "HOST" is the name of the remote host to which
           an FTP connection is required.

           "HOST" is optional. If "HOST" is not given then it may instead be passed as the "Host" option
           described below.

           "OPTIONS" are passed in a hash like fashion, using key and value pairs.  Possible options are:

           Host - FTP host to connect to. It may be a single scalar, as defined for the "PeerAddr" option in
           IO::Socket::INET, or a reference to an array with hosts to try in turn. The "host" method will
           return the value which was used to connect to the host.

           Firewall - The name of a machine which acts as an FTP firewall. This can be overridden by an
           environment variable "FTP_FIREWALL". If specified, and the given host cannot be directly
           connected to, then the connection is made to the firewall machine and the string @hostname is
           appended to the login identifier. This kind of setup is also referred to as an ftp proxy.

           FirewallType - The type of firewall running on the machine indicated by Firewall. This can be
           overridden by an environment variable "FTP_FIREWALL_TYPE". For a list of permissible types, see
           the description of ftp_firewall_type in Net::Config.

           BlockSize - This is the block size that Net::FTP will use when doing transfers. (defaults to
           10240)

           Port - The port number to connect to on the remote machine for the FTP connection

           Timeout - Set a timeout value (defaults to 120)

           Debug - debug level (see the debug method in Net::Cmd)

           Passive - If set to a non-zero value then all data transfers will be done using passive mode. If
           set to zero then data transfers will be done using active mode.  If the machine is connected to
           the Internet directly, both passive and active mode should work equally well.  Behind most
           firewall and NAT configurations passive mode has a better chance of working.  However, in some
           rare firewall configurations, active mode actually works when passive mode doesn't.  Some really
           old FTP servers might not implement passive transfers.  If not specified, then the transfer mode
           is set by the environment variable "FTP_PASSIVE" or if that one is not set by the settings done
           by the libnetcfg utility.  If none of these apply then passive mode is used.

           Hash - If given a reference to a file handle (e.g., "\*STDERR"), print hash marks (#) on that
           filehandle every 1024 bytes.  This simply invokes the "hash()" method for you, so that hash marks
           are displayed for all transfers.  You can, of course, call "hash()" explicitly whenever you'd
           like.

           LocalAddr - Local address to use for all socket connections, this argument will be passed to
           IO::Socket::INET

           If the constructor fails undef will be returned and an error message will be in $@

METHODS
       Unless otherwise stated all methods return either a true or false value, with true meaning that the
       operation was a success. When a method states that it returns a value, failure will be returned as
       undef or an empty list.

       login ([LOGIN [,PASSWORD [, ACCOUNT] ] ])
           Log into the remote FTP server with the given login information. If no arguments are given then
           the "Net::FTP" uses the "Net::Netrc" package to lookup the login information for the connected
           host.  If no information is found then a login of anonymous is used.  If no password is given and
           the login is anonymous then anonymous@ will be used for password.

           If the connection is via a firewall then the "authorize" method will be called with no arguments.

       authorize ( [AUTH [, RESP]])
           This is a protocol used by some firewall ftp proxies. It is used to authorise the user to send
           data out.  If both arguments are not specified then "authorize" uses "Net::Netrc" to do a lookup.

       site (ARGS)
           Send a SITE command to the remote server and wait for a response.

           Returns most significant digit of the response code.

       ascii
           Transfer file in ASCII. CRLF translation will be done if required

       binary
           Transfer file in binary mode. No transformation will be done.

           Hint: If both server and client machines use the same line ending for text files, then it will be
           faster to transfer all files in binary mode.

       rename ( OLDNAME, NEWNAME )
           Rename a file on the remote FTP server from "OLDNAME" to "NEWNAME". This is done by sending the
           RNFR and RNTO commands.

       delete ( FILENAME )
           Send a request to the server to delete "FILENAME".

       cwd ( [ DIR ] )
           Attempt to change directory to the directory given in $dir.  If $dir is "..", the FTP "CDUP"
           command is used to attempt to move up one directory. If no directory is given then an attempt is
           made to change the directory to the root directory.

       cdup ()
           Change directory to the parent of the current directory.

       pwd ()
           Returns the full pathname of the current directory.

       restart ( WHERE )
           Set the byte offset at which to begin the next data transfer. Net::FTP simply records this value
           and uses it when during the next data transfer. For this reason this method will not return an
           error, but setting it may cause a subsequent data transfer to fail.

       rmdir ( DIR [, RECURSE ])
           Remove the directory with the name "DIR". If "RECURSE" is true then "rmdir" will attempt to
           delete everything inside the directory.

       mkdir ( DIR [, RECURSE ])
           Create a new directory with the name "DIR". If "RECURSE" is true then "mkdir" will attempt to
           create all the directories in the given path.

           Returns the full pathname to the new directory.

       alloc ( SIZE [, RECORD_SIZE] )
           The alloc command allows you to give the ftp server a hint about the size of the file about to be
           transferred using the ALLO ftp command. Some storage systems use this to make intelligent
           decisions about how to store the file.  The "SIZE" argument represents the size of the file in
           bytes. The "RECORD_SIZE" argument indicates a maximum record or page size for files sent with a
           record or page structure.

           The size of the file will be determined, and sent to the server automatically for normal files so
           that this method need only be called if you are transferring data from a socket, named pipe, or
           other stream not associated with a normal file.

       ls ( [ DIR ] )
           Get a directory listing of "DIR", or the current directory.

           In an array context, returns a list of lines returned from the server. In a scalar context,
           returns a reference to a list.

       dir ( [ DIR ] )
           Get a directory listing of "DIR", or the current directory in long format.

           In an array context, returns a list of lines returned from the server. In a scalar context,
           returns a reference to a list.

       get ( REMOTE_FILE [, LOCAL_FILE [, WHERE]] )
           Get "REMOTE_FILE" from the server and store locally. "LOCAL_FILE" may be a filename or a
           filehandle. If not specified, the file will be stored in the current directory with the same
           leafname as the remote file.

           If "WHERE" is given then the first "WHERE" bytes of the file will not be transferred, and the
           remaining bytes will be appended to the local file if it already exists.

           Returns "LOCAL_FILE", or the generated local file name if "LOCAL_FILE" is not given. If an error
           was encountered undef is returned.

       put ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] )
           Put a file on the remote server. "LOCAL_FILE" may be a name or a filehandle.  If "LOCAL_FILE" is
           a filehandle then "REMOTE_FILE" must be specified. If "REMOTE_FILE" is not specified then the
           file will be stored in the current directory with the same leafname as "LOCAL_FILE".

           Returns "REMOTE_FILE", or the generated remote filename if "REMOTE_FILE" is not given.

           NOTE: If for some reason the transfer does not complete and an error is returned then the
           contents that had been transferred will not be remove automatically.

       put_unique ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] )
           Same as put but uses the "STOU" command.

           Returns the name of the file on the server.

       append ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] )
           Same as put but appends to the file on the remote server.

           Returns "REMOTE_FILE", or the generated remote filename if "REMOTE_FILE" is not given.

       unique_name ()
           Returns the name of the last file stored on the server using the "STOU" command.

       mdtm ( FILE )
           Returns the modification time of the given file

       size ( FILE )
           Returns the size in bytes for the given file as stored on the remote server.

           NOTE: The size reported is the size of the stored file on the remote server.  If the file is
           subsequently transferred from the server in ASCII mode and the remote server and local machine
           have different ideas about "End Of Line" then the size of file on the local machine after
           transfer may be different.

       supported ( CMD )
           Returns TRUE if the remote server supports the given command.

       hash ( [FILEHANDLE_GLOB_REF],[ BYTES_PER_HASH_MARK] )
           Called without parameters, or with the first argument false, hash marks are suppressed.  If the
           first argument is true but not a reference to a file handle glob, then \*STDERR is used.  The
           second argument is the number of bytes per hash mark printed, and defaults to 1024.  In all cases
           the return value is a reference to an array of two:  the filehandle glob reference and the bytes
           per hash mark.

       feature ( NAME )
           Determine if the server supports the specified feature. The return value is a list of lines the
           server responded with to describe the options that it supports for the given feature. If the
           feature is unsupported then the empty list is returned.

             if ($ftp->feature( 'MDTM' )) {
               # Do something
             }

             if (grep { /\bTLS\b/ } $ftp->feature('AUTH')) {
               # Server supports TLS
             }

       The following methods can return different results depending on how they are called. If the user
       explicitly calls either of the "pasv" or "port" methods then these methods will return a true or
       false value. If the user does not call either of these methods then the result will be a reference to
       a "Net::FTP::dataconn" based object.

       nlst ( [ DIR ] )
           Send an "NLST" command to the server, with an optional parameter.

       list ( [ DIR ] )
           Same as "nlst" but using the "LIST" command

       retr ( FILE )
           Begin the retrieval of a file called "FILE" from the remote server.

       stor ( FILE )
           Tell the server that you wish to store a file. "FILE" is the name of the new file that should be
           created.

       stou ( FILE )
           Same as "stor" but using the "STOU" command. The name of the unique file which was created on the
           server will be available via the "unique_name" method after the data connection has been closed.

       appe ( FILE )
           Tell the server that we want to append some data to the end of a file called "FILE". If this file
           does not exist then create it.

       If for some reason you want to have complete control over the data connection, this includes
       generating it and calling the "response" method when required, then the user can use these methods to
       do so.

       However calling these methods only affects the use of the methods above that can return a data
       connection. They have no effect on methods "get", "put", "put_unique" and those that do not require
       data connections.

       port ( [ PORT ] )
           Send a "PORT" command to the server. If "PORT" is specified then it is sent to the server. If
           not, then a listen socket is created and the correct information sent to the server.

       pasv ()
           Tell the server to go into passive mode. Returns the text that represents the port on which the
           server is listening, this text is in a suitable form to sent to another ftp server using the
           "port" method.

       The following methods can be used to transfer files between two remote servers, providing that these
       two servers can connect directly to each other.

       pasv_xfer ( SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [, DEST_FILE ] )
           This method will do a file transfer between two remote ftp servers. If "DEST_FILE" is omitted
           then the leaf name of "SRC_FILE" will be used.

       pasv_xfer_unique ( SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [, DEST_FILE ] )
           Like "pasv_xfer" but the file is stored on the remote server using the STOU command.

       pasv_wait ( NON_PASV_SERVER )
           This method can be used to wait for a transfer to complete between a passive server and a non-passive nonpassive
           passive server. The method should be called on the passive server with the "Net::FTP" object for
           the non-passive server passed as an argument.

       abort ()
           Abort the current data transfer.

       quit ()
           Send the QUIT command to the remote FTP server and close the socket connection.

   Methods for the adventurous
       "Net::FTP" inherits from "Net::Cmd" so methods defined in "Net::Cmd" may be used to send commands to
       the remote FTP server.

       quot (CMD [,ARGS])
           Send a command, that Net::FTP does not directly support, to the remote server and wait for a
           response.

           Returns most significant digit of the response code.

           WARNING This call should only be used on commands that do not require data connections. Misuse of
           this method can hang the connection.

THE dataconn CLASS
       Some of the methods defined in "Net::FTP" return an object which will be derived from this class.The
       dataconn class itself is derived from the "IO::Socket::INET" class, so any normal IO operations can
       be performed.  However the following methods are defined in the dataconn class and IO should be
       performed using these.

       read ( BUFFER, SIZE [, TIMEOUT ] )
           Read "SIZE" bytes of data from the server and place it into "BUFFER", also performing any <CRLF>
           translation necessary. "TIMEOUT" is optional, if not given, the timeout value from the command
           connection will be used.

           Returns the number of bytes read before any <CRLF> translation.

       write ( BUFFER, SIZE [, TIMEOUT ] )
           Write "SIZE" bytes of data from "BUFFER" to the server, also performing any <CRLF> translation
           necessary. "TIMEOUT" is optional, if not given, the timeout value from the command connection
           will be used.

           Returns the number of bytes written before any <CRLF> translation.

       bytes_read ()
           Returns the number of bytes read so far.

       abort ()
           Abort the current data transfer.

       close ()
           Close the data connection and get a response from the FTP server. Returns true if the connection
           was closed successfully and the first digit of the response from the server was a '2'.

UNIMPLEMENTED
       The following RFC959 commands have not been implemented:

       SMNT
           Mount a different file system structure without changing login or accounting information.

       HELP
           Ask the server for "helpful information" (that's what the RFC says) on the commands it accepts.

       MODE
           Specifies transfer mode (stream, block or compressed) for file to be transferred.

       SYST
           Request remote server system identification.

       STAT
           Request remote server status.

       STRU
           Specifies file structure for file to be transferred.

       REIN
           Reinitialize the connection, flushing all I/O and account information.

REPORTING BUGS
       When reporting bugs/problems please include as much information as possible.  It may be difficult for
       me to reproduce the problem as almost every setup is different.

       A small script which yields the problem will probably be of help. It would also be useful if this
       script was run with the extra options "Debug =" 1> passed to the constructor, and the output sent
       with the bug report. If you cannot include a small script then please include a Debug trace from a
       run of your program which does yield the problem.

AUTHOR
       Graham Barr <gbarr@pobox.com>

SEE ALSO
       Net::Netrc Net::Cmd

       ftp(1), ftpd(8), RFC 959 http://www.cis.ohio-state.edu/htbin/rfc/rfc959.html

USE EXAMPLES
       For an example of the use of Net::FTP see

       http://www.csh.rit.edu/~adam/Progs/
           "autoftp" is a program that can retrieve, send, or list files via the FTP protocol in a non-interactive noninteractive
           interactive manner.

CREDITS
       Henry Gabryjelski <henryg@WPI.EDU> - for the suggestion of creating directories recursively.

       Nathan Torkington <gnat@frii.com> - for some input on the documentation.

       Roderick Schertler <roderick@gate.net> - for various inputs

COPYRIGHT
       Copyright (c) 1995-2004 Graham Barr. All rights reserved.  This program is free software; you can
       redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself.



perl v5.12.5                                     2012-10-11                                    Net::FTP(3pm)