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Sub::Uplevel(3)                      User Contributed Perl Documentation                     Sub::Uplevel(3)



NAME
       Sub::Uplevel - apparently run a function in a higher stack frame

VERSION
       version 0.24

SYNOPSIS
         use Sub::Uplevel;

         sub foo {
             print join " - ", caller;
         }

         sub bar {
             uplevel 1, \&foo;
         }

         #line 11
         bar();    # main - foo.plx - 11

DESCRIPTION
       Like Tcl's uplevel() function, but not quite so dangerous.  The idea is just to fool caller().  All
       the really naughty bits of Tcl's uplevel() are avoided.

       THIS IS NOT THE SORT OF THING YOU WANT TO DO EVERYDAY

       uplevel
             uplevel $num_frames, \&func, @args;

           Makes the given function think it's being executed $num_frames higher than the current stack
           level.  So when they use caller($frames) it will actually give caller($frames + $num_frames) for
           them.

           "uplevel(1, \&some_func, @_)" is effectively "goto &some_func" but you don't immediately exit the
           current subroutine.  So while you can't do this:

               sub wrapper {
                   print "Before\n";
                   goto &some_func;
                   print "After\n";
               }

           you can do this:

               sub wrapper {
                   print "Before\n";
                   my @out = uplevel 1, &some_func;
                   print "After\n";
                   return @out;
               }

           "uplevel" has the ability to issue a warning if $num_frames is more than the current call stack
           depth, although this warning is disabled and compiled out by default as the check is relatively
           expensive.

           To enable the check for debugging or testing, you should set the global
           $Sub::Uplevel::CHECK_FRAMES to true before loading Sub::Uplevel for the first time as follows:

               #!/usr/bin/perl

               BEGIN {
                   $Sub::Uplevel::CHECK_FRAMES = 1;
               }
               use Sub::Uplevel;

           Setting or changing the global after the module has been loaded will have no effect.

EXAMPLE
       The main reason I wrote this module is so I could write wrappers around functions and they wouldn't
       be aware they've been wrapped.

           use Sub::Uplevel;

           my $original_foo = \&foo;

           *foo = sub {
               my @output = uplevel 1, $original_foo;
               print "foo() returned:  @output";
               return @output;
           };

       If this code frightens you you should not use this module.

BUGS and CAVEATS
       Well, the bad news is uplevel() is about 5 times slower than a normal function call.  XS
       implementation anyone?  It also slows down every invocation of caller(), regardless of whether
       uplevel() is in effect.

       Sub::Uplevel overrides CORE::GLOBAL::caller temporarily for the scope of each uplevel call.  It does
       its best to work with any previously existing CORE::GLOBAL::caller (both when Sub::Uplevel is first
       loaded and within each uplevel call) such as from Contextual::Return or Hook::LexWrap.

       However, if you are routinely using multiple modules that override CORE::GLOBAL::caller, you are
       probably asking for trouble.

       You should load Sub::Uplevel as early as possible within your program.  As with all CORE::GLOBAL
       overloading, the overload will not affect modules that have already been compiled prior to the
       overload.  One module that often is unavoidably loaded prior to Sub::Uplevel is Exporter.  To
       forcibly recompile Exporter (and Exporter::Heavy) after loading Sub::Uplevel, use it with the
       ":aggressive" tag:

           use Sub::Uplevel qw/:aggressive/;

       The private function "Sub::Uplevel::_force_reload()" may be passed a list of additional modules to
       reload if ":aggressive" is not aggressive enough.  Reloading modules may break things, so only use
       this as a last resort.

       As of version 0.20, Sub::Uplevel requires Perl 5.6 or greater.

HISTORY
       Those who do not learn from HISTORY are doomed to repeat it.

       The lesson here is simple:  Don't sit next to a Tcl programmer at the dinner table.

THANKS
       Thanks to Brent Welch, Damian Conway and Robin Houston.

       See http://www.perl.com/perl/misc/Artistic.html

SEE ALSO
       PadWalker (for the similar idea with lexicals), Hook::LexWrap, Tcl's uplevel() at
       http://www.scriptics.com/man/tcl8.4/TclCmd/uplevel.htm

SUPPORT
   Bugs / Feature Requests
       Please report any bugs or feature requests through the issue tracker at
       http://rt.cpan.org/Public/Dist/Display.html?Name=Sub-Uplevel
       <http://rt.cpan.org/Public/Dist/Display.html?Name=Sub-Uplevel>.  You will be notified automatically
       of any progress on your issue.

   Source Code
       This is open source software.  The code repository is available for public review and contribution
       under the terms of the license.

       https://github.com/dagolden/sub-uplevel <https://github.com/dagolden/sub-uplevel>

         git clone https://github.com/dagolden/sub-uplevel.git

AUTHORS
       •   Michael Schwern <mschwern@cpan.org>

       •   David Golden <dagolden@cpan.org>

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
       This software is copyright (c) 2012 by Michael Schwern and David Golden.

       This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as the Perl 5
       programming language system itself.



perl v5.16.2                                     2012-02-20                                  Sub::Uplevel(3)