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PTHREAD(3) BSD Library Functions Manual PTHREAD(3)
NAME
pthread -- POSIX thread functions
SYNOPSIS
#include <pthread.h>
DESCRIPTION
POSIX threads are a set of functions that support applications with requirements for multiple flows of
control, called threads, within a process. Multithreading is used to improve the performance of a pro-gram. program.
gram.
The POSIX thread functions are summarized in this section in the following groups:
• Thread Routines
• Attribute Object Routines
• Mutex Routines
• Condition Variable Routines
• Read/Write Lock Routines
• Per-Thread Context Routines
• Cleanup Routines
THREAD ROUTINES
int pthread_create(pthread_t *thread, const pthread_attr_t *attr, void *(*start_routine)(void *), void
*arg)
Creates a new thread of execution.
int pthread_detach(pthread_t thread)
Marks a thread for deletion.
int pthread_equal(pthread_t t1, pthread_t t2)
Compares two thread IDs.
void pthread_exit(void *value_ptr)
Terminates the calling thread.
int pthread_join(pthread_t thread, void **value_ptr)
Causes the calling thread to wait for the termination of the specified thread.
int pthread_cancel(pthread_t thread)
Cancels execution of a thread.
int pthread_once(pthread_once_t *once_control, void (*init_routine)(void))
Calls an initialization routine once.
pthread_t pthread_self(void)
Returns the thread ID of the calling thread.
int pthread_atfork(void (*prepare)(void), void (*parent)(void), void (*child)(void))
Registers handlers to be called before and after fork()
ATTRIBUTE OBJECT ROUTINES
int pthread_attr_destroy(pthread_attr_t *attr)
Destroy a thread attributes object.
int pthread_attr_getinheritsched(const pthread_attr_t *attr, int *inheritsched)
Get the inherit scheduling attribute from a thread attributes object.
int pthread_attr_getschedparam(const pthread_attr_t *attr, struct sched_param *param)
Get the scheduling parameter attribute from a thread attributes object.
int pthread_attr_getschedpolicy(const pthread_attr_t *attr, int *policy)
Get the scheduling policy attribute from a thread attributes object.
int pthread_attr_getscope(const pthread_attr_t *attr, int *contentionscope)
Get the contention scope attribute from a thread attributes object.
int pthread_attr_getstacksize(const pthread_attr_t *attr, size_t *stacksize)
Get the stack size attribute from a thread attributes object.
int pthread_attr_getstackaddr(const pthread_attr_t *attr, void **stackaddr)
Get the stack address attribute from a thread attributes object.
int pthread_attr_getdetachstate(const pthread_attr_t *attr, int *detachstate)
Get the detach state attribute from a thread attributes object.
int pthread_attr_init(pthread_attr_t *attr)
Initialize a thread attributes object with default values.
int pthread_attr_setinheritsched(pthread_attr_t *attr, int inheritsched)
Set the inherit scheduling attribute in a thread attributes object.
int pthread_attr_setschedparam(pthread_attr_t *attr, const struct sched_param *param)
Set the scheduling parameter attribute in a thread attributes object.
int pthread_attr_setschedpolicy(pthread_attr_t *attr, int policy)
Set the scheduling policy attribute in a thread attributes object.
int pthread_attr_setscope(pthread_attr_t *attr, int contentionscope)
Set the contention scope attribute in a thread attributes object.
int pthread_attr_setstacksize(pthread_attr_t *attr, size_t stacksize)
Set the stack size attribute in a thread attributes object.
int pthread_attr_setstackaddr(pthread_attr_t *attr, void *stackaddr)
Set the stack address attribute in a thread attributes object.
int pthread_attr_setdetachstate(pthread_attr_t *attr, int detachstate)
Set the detach state in a thread attributes object.
MUTEX ROUTINES
int pthread_mutexattr_destroy(pthread_mutexattr_t *attr)
Destroy a mutex attributes object.
int pthread_mutexattr_init(pthread_mutexattr_t *attr)
Initialize a mutex attributes object with default values.
int pthread_mutex_destroy(pthread_mutex_t *mutex)
Destroy a mutex.
int pthread_mutex_init(pthread_mutex_t *mutex, const pthread_mutexattr_t *attr)
Initialize a mutex with specified attributes.
int pthread_mutex_lock(pthread_mutex_t *mutex)
Lock a mutex and block until it becomes available.
int pthread_mutex_trylock(pthread_mutex_t *mutex)
Try to lock a mutex, but don't block if the mutex is locked by another thread,
including the current thread.
int pthread_mutex_unlock(pthread_mutex_t *mutex)
Unlock a mutex.
CONDITION VARIABLE ROUTINES
int pthread_condattr_init(pthread_condattr_t *attr)
Initialize a condition variable attributes object with default values.
int pthread_condattr_destroy(pthread_condattr_t *attr)
Destroy a condition variable attributes object.
int pthread_cond_broadcast(pthread_cond_t *cond)
Unblock all threads currently blocked on the specified condition variable.
int pthread_cond_destroy(pthread_cond_t *cond)
Destroy a condition variable.
int pthread_cond_init(pthread_cond_t *cond, const pthread_condattr_t *attr)
Initialize a condition variable with specified attributes.
int pthread_cond_signal(pthread_cond_t *cond)
Unblock at least one of the threads blocked on the specified condition variable.
int pthread_cond_timedwait(pthread_cond_t *cond, pthread_mutex_t *mutex, const struct timespec
*abstime)
Atomically unlock the specified mutex and block on a condition or until the speci-fied specified
fied time passes.
int pthread_cond_wait(pthread_cond_t *, pthread_mutex_t *mutex)
Atomically unlock the specified mutex and block on a condition.
READ/WRITE LOCK ROUTINES
int pthread_rwlock_destroy(pthread_rwlock_t *lock)
Destroy a read/write lock object.
int pthread_rwlock_init(pthread_rwlock_t *lock, const pthread_rwlockattr_t *attr)
Initialize a read/write lock object.
int pthread_rwlock_rdlock(pthread_rwlock_t *lock)
Lock a read/write lock for reading, blocking until the lock can be acquired.
int pthread_rwlock_tryrdlock(pthread_rwlock_t *lock)
Attempt to lock a read/write lock for reading, without blocking if the lock is
unavailable.
int pthread_rwlock_trywrlock(pthread_rwlock_t *lock)
Attempt to lock a read/write lock for writing, without blocking if the lock is
unavailable.
int pthread_rwlock_unlock(pthread_rwlock_t *lock)
Unlock a read/write lock.
int pthread_rwlock_wrlock(pthread_rwlock_t *lock)
Lock a read/write lock for writing, blocking until the lock can be acquired.
int pthread_rwlockattr_destroy(pthread_rwlockattr_t *attr)
Destroy a read/write lock attribute object.
int pthread_rwlockattr_getpshared(const pthread_rwlockattr_t *attr, int *pshared)
Retrieve the process shared setting for the read/write lock attribute object.
int pthread_rwlockattr_init(pthread_rwlockattr_t *attr)
Initialize a read/write lock attribute object.
int pthread_rwlockattr_setpshared(pthread_rwlockattr_t *attr, int pshared)
Set the process shared setting for the read/write lock attribute object.
PER-THREAD CONTEXT ROUTINES
int pthread_key_create(pthread_key_t *key, void (*routine)(void *))
Create a thread-specific data key.
int pthread_key_delete(pthread_key_t key)
Delete a thread-specific data key.
void * pthread_getspecific(pthread_key_t key)
Get the thread-specific value for the specified key.
int pthread_setspecific(pthread_key_t key, const void *value_ptr)
Set the thread-specific value for the specified key.
CLEANUP ROUTINES
void pthread_cleanup_pop(int execute)
Remove the routine at the top of the calling thread's cancellation cleanup stack and
optionally invoke it.
void pthread_cleanup_push(void (*routine)(void *), void *routine_arg)
Push the specified cancellation cleanup handler onto the calling thread's cancella-tion cancellation
tion stack.
INSTALLATION
The default system libraries include pthread functions. No additional libraries or CFLAGS are neces-sary necessary
sary to use these interfaces.
SEE ALSO
pthread_atfork(3), pthread_attr(3), pthread_attr_init_destroy(3), pthread_attr_getdetachstate(3),
pthread_attr_getinheritsched(3), pthread_attr_getschedparam(3), pthread_attr_getschedpolicy(3),
pthread_attr_getscope(3), pthread_attr_getstackaddr(3), pthread_attr_getstacksize(3),
pthread_attr_init(3), pthread_attr_init_destroy(3), pthread_attr_setdetachstate(3),
pthread_attr_setinheritsched(3), pthread_attr_setschedparam(3), pthread_attr_setschedpolicy(3),
pthread_attr_setscope(3), pthread_attr_setstackaddr(3), pthread_attr_setstacksize(3),
pthread_cancel(3), pthread_cleanup_pop(3), pthread_cleanup_push(3), pthread_cond_broadcast(3),
pthread_cond_destroy(3), pthread_cond_init(3), pthread_cond_signal(3), pthread_cond_timedwait(3),
pthread_cond_wait(3), pthread_condattr(3), pthread_condattr_destroy(3), pthread_condattr_init(3),
pthread_create(3), pthread_detach(3), pthread_equal(3), pthread_exit(3), pthread_getschedparam(3),
pthread_getspecific(3), pthread_join(3), pthread_key_create(3), pthread_key_delete(3),
pthread_mutex_destroy(3), pthread_mutex_init(3), pthread_mutex_lock(3), pthread_mutex_trylock(3),
pthread_mutex_unlock(3), pthread_mutexattr(3), pthread_mutexattr_destroy(3),
pthread_mutexattr_getprioceiling(3), pthread_mutexattr_getprotocol(3), pthread_mutexattr_gettype(3),
pthread_mutexattr_init(3), pthread_mutexattr_setprioceiling(3), pthread_mutexattr_setprotocol(3),
pthread_mutexattr_settype(3), pthread_once(3), pthread_rwlock_destroy(3), pthread_rwlock_init(3),
pthread_rwlock_rdlock(3), pthread_rwlock_tryrdlock(3), pthread_rwlock_trywrlock(3),
pthread_rwlock_unlock(3), pthread_rwlock_wrlock(3), pthread_rwlockattr_destroy(3),
pthread_rwlockattr_getpshared(3), pthread_rwlockattr_init(3), pthread_rwlockattr_setpshared(3),
pthread_self (3), pthread_setcancelstate (3) pthread_setcanceltype (3) pthread_setschedparam (3)
pthread_setspecific (3) pthread_testcancel (3)
STANDARDS
The functions with the pthread_ prefix and not _np suffix or pthread_rwlock prefix conform to ISO/IEC
9945-1:1996 (``POSIX.1'').
The functions with the pthread_ prefix and _np suffix are non-portable extensions to POSIX threads.
The functions with the pthread_rwlock prefix are extensions created by The Open Group as part of the
Version 2 of the Single UNIX Specification (``SUSv2'').
Darwin November 5, 2001 Darwin
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