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curs_terminfo (3X)                                                                          curs_terminfo (3X)



NAME
       del_curterm, mvcur, putp, restartterm, set_curterm, setterm, setupterm, tigetflag, tigetnum,
       tigetstr, tparm, tputs, vid_attr, vid_puts, vidattr, vidputs - curses interfaces to terminfo database

SYNOPSIS
       #include <curses.h>
       #include <term.h>

       int setupterm(char *term, int fildes, int *errret);
       int setterm(char *term);
       TERMINAL *set_curterm(TERMINAL *nterm);
       int del_curterm(TERMINAL *oterm);
       int restartterm(char *term, int fildes, int *errret);
       char *tparm(char *str, ...);
       int tputs(const char *str, int affcnt, int (*putc)(int));
       int putp(const char *str);
       int vidputs(chtype attrs, int (*putc)(int));
       int vidattr(chtype attrs);
       int vid_puts(attr_t attrs, short pair, void *opts, int (*putc)(char));
       int vid_attr(attr_t attrs, short pair, void *opts);
       int mvcur(int oldrow, int oldcol, int newrow, int newcol);
       int tigetflag(char *capname);
       int tigetnum(char *capname);
       char *tigetstr(char *capname);

DESCRIPTION
       These  low-level  routines  must  be  called by programs that have to deal directly with the terminfo
       database to handle certain terminal capabilities, such as programming function keys.  For  all  other
       functionality, curses routines are more suitable and their use is recommended.

       Initially,  setupterm  should  be called.  Note that setupterm is automatically called by initscr and
       newterm.  This defines the set of terminal-dependent variables [listed in terminfo(5)].  The terminfo
       variables lines and columns are initialized by setupterm as follows:

              If  use_env(FALSE)  has  been  called,  values for lines and columns specified in terminfo are
              used.

              Otherwise, if the environment variables LINES and COLUMNS exist, their values  are  used.   If
              these  environment  variables do not exist and the program is running in a window, the current
              window size is used.  Otherwise, if the environment variables do not  exist,  the  values  for
              lines and columns specified in the terminfo database are used.

       The  header  files  curses.h and term.h should be included (in this order) to get the definitions for
       these strings, numbers, and flags.  Parameterized strings should be passed through tparm to instanti-ate instantiate
       ate them.  All terminfo strings [including the output of tparm] should be printed with tputs or putp.
       Call the reset_shell_mode to restore the tty modes before exiting  [see  curs_kernel(3X)].   Programs
       which  use  cursor addressing should output enter_ca_mode upon startup and should output exit_ca_mode
       before exiting.  Programs desiring shell escapes should call

       reset_shell_mode and output exit_ca_mode before the shell is called and should  output  enter_ca_mode
       and call reset_prog_mode after returning from the shell.

       The  setupterm routine reads in the terminfo database, initializing the terminfo structures, but does
       not set up the output virtualization structures used by curses.  The terminal type is  the  character
       string  term; if term is null, the environment variable TERM is used.  All output is to file descrip-tor descriptor
       tor fildes which is initialized for output.  If errret is not null, then setupterm returns OK or  ERR
       and  stores  a  status value in the integer pointed to by errret.  A return value of OK combined with
       status of 1 in errret is normal.  If ERR is returned, examine errret:

              1    means that the terminal is hardcopy, cannot be used for curses applications.

              0    means that the terminal could not be found, or that it is a generic type, having too lit-tle little
                   tle information for curses applications to run.

              -1   means that the terminfo database could not be found.

       If errret is null, setupterm prints an error message upon finding an error and exits.  Thus, the sim-plest simplest
       plest call is:

             setupterm((char *)0, 1, (int *)0);,

       which uses all the defaults and sends the output to stdout.

       The setterm routine is being replaced by setupterm.  The call:

             setupterm(term, 1, (int *)0)

       provides the same functionality as setterm(term).  The setterm routine is included here for BSD  com-patibility, compatibility,
       patibility, and is not recommended for new programs.

       The  set_curterm  routine sets the variable cur_term to nterm, and makes all of the terminfo boolean,
       numeric, and string variables use the values from nterm.  It returns the old value of cur_term.

       The del_curterm routine frees the space pointed to by oterm and makes it available for  further  use.
       If  oterm  is  the  same  as cur_term, references to any of the terminfo boolean, numeric, and string
       variables thereafter may refer to invalid memory locations until another setupterm has been called.

       The restartterm routine is similar to setupterm and initscr, except that it is called after restoring
       memory  to  a previous state (for example, when reloading a game saved as a core image dump).  It as-sumes assumes
       sumes that the windows and the input and output options are the same as when memory  was  saved,  but
       the  terminal  type  and  baud  rate may be different.  Accordingly, it saves various tty state bits,
       calls setupterm, and then restores the bits.

       The tparm routine instantiates the string str with parameters pi.  A pointer is returned to  the  re-sult result
       sult of str with the parameters applied.

       The  tputs  routine  applies padding information to the string str and outputs it.  The str must be a
       terminfo string variable or the return value from tparm, tgetstr, or tgoto.  affcnt is the number  of
       lines  affected,  or 1 if not applicable.  putc is a putchar-like routine to which the characters are
       passed, one at a time.

       The putp routine calls tputs(str, 1, putchar).  Note that the output of putp always goes  to  stdout,
       not to the fildes specified in setupterm.

       The  vidputs  routine displays the string on the terminal in the video attribute mode attrs, which is
       any combination of the attributes listed in curses(3X).  The characters are passed  to  the  putchar-like putcharlike
       like routine putc.

       The vidattr routine is like the vidputs routine, except that it outputs through putchar.

       The  vid_attr  and vid_puts routines correspond to vidattr and vidputs, respectively.  They use a set
       of arguments for representing the video attributes plus color, i.e., one of type attr_t for  the  at-tributes attributes
       tributes and one of short for the color_pair number.  The vid_attr and vid_puts routines are designed
       to use the attribute constants with the WA_ prefix.  The opts argument is reserved  for  future  use.
       Currently, applications must provide a null pointer for that argument.

       The  mvcur routine provides low-level cursor motion.  It takes effect immediately (rather than at the
       next refresh).

       The tigetflag, tigetnum and tigetstr routines return the value of the capability corresponding to the
       terminfo capname passed to them, such as xenl.

       The tigetflag routine returns the value -1 if capname is not a boolean capability, or 0 if it is can-celed canceled
       celed or absent from the terminal description.

       The tigetnum routine returns the value -2 if capname is not a numeric capability, or -1 if it is can-celed canceled
       celed or absent from the terminal description.

       The  tigetstr  routine returns the value (char *)-1 if capname is not a string capability, or 0 if it
       is canceled or absent from the terminal description.

       The capname for each capability is given in the table column entitled capname code in  the  capabili-ties capabilities
       ties section of terminfo(5).

              char *boolnames[], *boolcodes[], *boolfnames[]

              char *numnames[], *numcodes[], *numfnames[]

              char *strnames[], *strcodes[], *strfnames[]

       These  null-terminated arrays contain the capnames, the termcap codes, and the full C names, for each
       of the terminfo variables.

RETURN VALUE
       Routines that return an integer return ERR upon failure and OK (SVr4 only specifies "an integer value
       other than ERR") upon successful completion, unless otherwise noted in the preceding routine descrip-tions. descriptions.
       tions.

       Routines that return pointers always return NULL on error.

       X/Open defines no error conditions.  In this implementation

              del_curterm
                   returns an error if its terminal parameter is null.

              putp calls tputs, returning the same error-codes.

              restartterm
                   returns an error if the associated call to setupterm returns an error.

              setupterm
                   returns an error if it cannot allocate enough memory, or create the initial windows (std-scr, (stdscr,
                   scr, curscr, newscr).  Other error conditions are documented above.

              tputs
                   returns  an error if the string parameter is null.  It does not detect I/O errors: X/Open
                   states that tputs ignores the return value of the output function putc.

NOTES
       The setupterm routine should be used in place of setterm.  It may be useful when you want to test for
       terminal capabilities without committing to the allocation of storage involved in initscr.

       Note that vidattr and vidputs may be macros.

PORTABILITY
       The function setterm is not described by X/Open and must be considered non-portable.  All other func-tions functions
       tions are as described by X/Open.

       setupterm copies the terminal name to the array ttytype.  This is not part of X/Open Curses,  but  is
       assumed by some applications.

       In  System  V Release 4, set_curterm has an int return type and returns OK or ERR.  We have chosen to
       implement the X/Open Curses semantics.

       In System V Release 4, the third argument of tputs has the type int (*putc)(char).

       At least one implementation of X/Open Curses (Solaris) returns a value other than OK/ERR from  tputs.
       That returns the length of the string, and does no error-checking.

       X/Open  Curses  prototypes  tparm  with a fixed number of parameters, rather than a variable argument
       list.  This implementation uses a variable argument list.  Portable applications should provide 9 pa-rameters parameters
       rameters after the format; zeroes are fine for this purpose.

       X/Open  notes that after calling mvcur, the curses state may not match the actual terminal state, and
       that an application should touch and refresh the window before resuming normal  curses  calls.   Both
       ncurses  and  System  V  Release  4  curses implement mvcur using the SCREEN data allocated in either
       initscr or newterm.  So though it is documented as a terminfo function,  mvcur  is  really  a  curses
       function which is not well specified.

       X/Open  states  that the old location must be given for mvcur.  This implementation allows the caller
       to use -1's for the old ordinates.  In that case, the old location is unknown.

       Extended terminal capability names, e.g., as defined by tic -x, are not  stored  in  the  arrays  de-scribed described
       scribed in this section.

SEE ALSO
       curses(3X), curs_initscr(3X), curs_kernel(3X), curs_termcap(3X), putc(3), terminfo (5)



                                                                                           curs_terminfo (3X)