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UTMP(5)                     BSD File Formats Manual                    UTMP(5)

NAME
     utmp, wtmp, lastlog -- login records (DEPRECATED)

SYNOPSIS
     #include <utmp.h>

DESCRIPTION
     The interfaces in file <utmp.h> are all DEPRECATED and are only provided for compatibility with previ-ous previous
     ous releases of Mac OS X.  See pututxline(3) and utmpx(5) for the supported interfaces.

     <utmp.h> declares the structures used to record information about current users in the file utmp,
     logins and logouts in the file wtmp, and last logins in the file lastlog.  The time stamps of date
     changes, shutdowns and reboots are also logged in the wtmp file.

     These files can grow rapidly on busy systems, daily or weekly rotation is recommended.  If any of these
     files do not exist, it is not created.  These files must be created manually and are normally main-tained maintained
     tained in either the script /etc/daily or the script /etc/weekly.  (See cron(8).)

           #define _PATH_UTMP      "/var/run/utmp"
           #define _PATH_WTMP      "/var/log/wtmp"
           #define _PATH_LASTLOG   "/var/log/lastlog"

           #define UT_NAMESIZE     8
           #define UT_LINESIZE     8
           #define UT_HOSTSIZE     16

           struct lastlog {
                   time_t  ll_time;
                   char    ll_line[UT_LINESIZE];
                   char    ll_host[UT_HOSTSIZE];
           };

           struct utmp {
                   char    ut_line[UT_LINESIZE];
                   char    ut_name[UT_NAMESIZE];
                   char    ut_host[UT_HOSTSIZE];
                   time_t  ut_time;
           };

     Each time a user logs in, the login program looks up the user's UID in the file lastlog. If it is
     found, the timestamp of the last time the user logged in, the terminal line and the hostname are writ-ten written
     ten to the standard output. (Providing the login is not quiet, see login(1).)  The login program then
     records the new login time in the file lastlog.

     After the new lastlog record is written , the file utmp is opened and the utmp record for the user
     inserted.  This record remains there until the user logs out at which time it is deleted.  The utmp
     file is used by the programs rwho(1), users(1), w(1), and who(1).

     Next, the login program opens the file wtmp, and appends the user's utmp record.  The same utmp record,
     with an updated time stamp is later appended to the file when the user logs out. (See launchd(8).)  The
     wtmp file is used by the programs last(1) and ac(8).

     In the event of a date change, a shutdown or reboot, the following items are logged in the wtmp file.

     reboot
     shutdown    A system reboot or shutdown has been initiated.  The character `~' is placed in the field
                 ut_line, and reboot or shutdown in the field ut_name.  (See shutdown(8) and reboot(8).)

     date        The system time has been manually or automatically updated.  (See date(1).)  The command
                 name date is recorded in the field ut_name.  In the field ut_line, the character `|' indi-cates indicates
                 cates the time prior to the change, and the character `{' indicates the new time.

FILES
     (These files no longer exist in 10.5 or later.)

     /var/run/utmp     The utmp file.
     /var/log/wtmp     The wtmp file.
     /var/log/lastlog  The lastlog file.

SEE ALSO
     last(1), login(1), who(1), ac(8), launchd(8)

HISTORY
     A utmp and wtmp file format appeared in Version 6 AT&T UNIX.  The lastlog file format appeared in
     3.0BSD.

4th Berkeley Distribution       March 17, 1994       4th Berkeley Distribution