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CVADMIN(1M) CVADMIN(1M)
NAME
cvadmin - Administer an Xsan File System
SYNOPSIS
cvadmin [-H FSMHostName] [-F VolumeName] [-M] [-f filename] [-e command1 -e command2 ...] [-x]
DESCRIPTION
cvadmin is an interactive command used for general purpose administration of an Xsan volume includ-ing: including:
ing:
1. displaying file system and client status
2. activating a file system currently in stand-by mode
3. viewing and modifying storage pool attributes
4. administering user, group, and directory quotas
5. enabling File System Manager (FSM) tracing
6. displaying disk and path information for the local system
7. forcing FSM failover
8. fetching FSM usage and performance statistics
9. temporarily enabling or disabling global file locking
10. generating a report of open files
11. listing currently held file locks 13. starting, restarting and stopping of daemon processes
14. resetting RPL information
USAGE
Invoke cvadmin to start the interactive session and list the running File System Managers (FSMs).
(Note: Xsan system services must be started prior to running cvadmin. In particular, the local
fsmpm(8) process must be active.)
Then (optionally) use the select command described below to pick an FSM to connect to. Once con-nected, connected,
nected, the command will display basic information about the selected volume and prompt for further
commands.
Note that a few commands such as paths, disks, start, and stop require information obtained from the
local fsmpm(8) only, so there is is no need to select an FSM prior to using them.
OPTIONS
-H FSMHostName
Connect to the FSM located on the machine FSMHostName. By default cvadmin will attempt to con-nect connect
nect to an FSM located on the local machine.
-F VolumeName
Automatically set the volume VolumeName as the active volume in cvadmin.
-M When listing file systems with the select command, display [managed] next to each file system
with DataMigration enabled. This option is currently only intended for use by support person-nel. personnel.
nel.
-f filename
Read commands from filename
-e command
Execute command(s) and exit
-x Enable extended commands.
COMMANDS
The cvadmin commands can be used to display and modify the Xsan active configuration. When a modifi-cation modification
cation is made, it exists only as long as the FSM is running. More permanent changes can be made in
the configuration file. Refer to the snfs_config(5) man page for details. The following commands are
supported.
activate volume_name [hostname_or_IP_address]
Activate a volume volume_name. This command may cause an FSM to activate. If the FSM is
already active, no action is taken.
activate volume_name number_of_votes
Apple Internal only. Bypass the election system and attempt to activate the fsm on this node.
debug [[+/-] value]
View or set the File System Manager's debugging flags. Entering the command with no value will
return current settings, the location of the FSM log file and a legend describing what each
setting does. By entering the command with a numeric value, the FSM Debugging Flags will be
set accordingly. Use a standard decimal or hexadecimal (0x) value of up to 32 bits. Using the
'+' or '-' flags enable ('+') or disable ('-') only the selected flags, leaving all other
flags unchanged.
NOTE - Setting Debugging Flags will severely impact the FSM's performance! Do this only when
directed by an Apple specialist.
dirquotas {create|destroy|mark} path
Create creates a Directory Quota Name Space (DQNS) on the supplied directory. Destroy
destroys the DQNS. Mark creates an unintialized DQNS. See snquota(1) for an explanation of
the trade-offs between create and mark.
disks [refresh]
Display the Xsan disk volumes local to the system that cvadmin is attached to. Using the
optional refresh argument will force the fsmpm to re-scan all volumes before responding.
disks [refresh] fsm
Display the Xsan meta-data disk volumes in use by the fsm. If the optional refresh argument
is used, additional paths to these volumes may be added by the fsm.
down poolname
Down the storage pool poolname. This will down any access to the storage pool. fail {vol-ume_name|index_number} {volume_name|index_number}
ume_name|index_number} Initiate an FSM Failover of volume volume_name. This command may cause
a stand-by FSM to activate. If an FSM is already active, the FSM will shut down. A stand-by
FSM will then take over. If a stand-by FSM is not available the primary FSM will re-activate
after failover processing is complete.
fsmlist [volume_name] [ on hostname_or_IP_address]
Display the state of FSM processes, running or not. Optionally specify a single volume_name
to display. Optionally specify the host name or IP address of the system on which to list the
FSM processes.
filelocks
Query cluster-wide file/record lock enforcement. Currently cluster-wide file locks are auto-matically automatically
matically used on Unix. Windows file/record locks are optional.
help (?)
The help or ? command will display a command usage summary.
latency-test [index_number|all] [seconds]
Run an I/O latency test between the FSM process and one client or all clients. The default
test duration is 2 seconds.
multipath groupname {balance|cycle|rotate|static|sticky}
Xsan has the capability of utilizing multiple paths from a system to the SAN disks.
This capability is referred to as "multi-pathing", or sometimes "multi-HBA support". (HBA :=
Host Based Adaptor).
At "disk discovery" time, for each physical path (HBA), a scan of all of the SAN disks visible
to that path is initiated, accumulating information such as the Xsan label, and where possi-ble, possible,
ble, the disk (or LUN) serial number.
At mount time, the visible set of Xsan labeled disks is matched against the requested disks
for the volume to be mounted.
If the requested disk label appears more than once, then a "multi-path" table entry is built
for each available path.
If the disk (or LUN) device is capable of returning a serial number, then that serial number
is used to further verify that all of the paths to that Xsan labeled device share the same
serial number.
If the disk (or LUN) device is not capable of returning a serial number then the device will
be used, but Xsan will not be able to discern the difference between a multi-path accessible
device, and two or more unique devices that have been assigned duplicate Xsan labels.
The presence of serial numbers can be validated by using the "cvlabel -ls" command. The "-s"
option requests the displaying of the serial number along with the normal label information.
There are five modes of multi-path usage which can also be specified in the filesystem config
file. In cases where there are multiple paths and an error has been detected, the algorithm
falls back to the rotate method. The balance and cycle methods will provide the best aggregate
throughput for a cluster of hosts sharing storage.
balance
The balance mode provides load balancing across all the available, active, paths to a
device. At I/O submission time, the least used HBA/controller port combination is used
as the preferred path. All Xsan File System I/O in progress at the time is taken into
account.
cycle The cycle mode rotates I/O to a LUN across all the available, active, paths to it. As
each new I/O is submitted, the next path is selected.
rotate The rotate mode is the default for configurations where the operating system presents
multiple paths to a device.
In this mode, as an I/O is initiated, an HBA controller pair to use for this I/O is
selected based on a load balance method calculation.
If an I/O terminates in error, a "time penalty" is assessed against that path, and
another "Active" path is used. If there are not any "Active" paths that are not
already in the "error penalty" state, then a search for an available "Passive" path
will occur, possibly triggering an Automatic Volume Transfer to occur in the Raid Con-troller. Controller.
troller.
static The "default" mode for all disks other than Dual Raid controller configurations that
are operating in Active/Active mode with AVT enabled.
As disks (or LUNs) are recognized at mount time, they are statically associated with an
HBA in rotation.
i.e. given 2 HBA's, and for disks/LUNs:
disk 0 -> HBA 0
disk 1 -> HBA 1
disk 2 -> HBA 0
disk 3 -> HBA 1
and so on...
sticky In this mode, the path to use for an I/O is based on the identity of the target file.
This mode will better utilize the controller cache, but will not take advantage of mul-tiple multiple
tiple paths for a single file.
The current mode employed by a storage pool can be viewed via the "cvadmin" command "show
long", and modified via the "cvadmin" command "multipath".
Permanent modifications may be made by incorporating a "MultiPathMethod" configuration state-ment statement
ment in the configuration file for a storage pool.
In the case of an I/O error, that HBA is assessed an "error penalty", and will not be used for
a period of time, after which another attempt to use it will occur.
The first "hard" failure of an HBA often results in a fairly long time-out period (anywhere
from 30 seconds to a couple of minutes).
With most HBA's, once a "hard" failure (e.g. unplugged cable) has been recognized, the HBA
immediately returns failure status without a time-out, minimizing the impact of attempting to
re-use the HBA periodically after a failure. If the link is restored, most HBA's will return
to operational state on the next I/O request.
paths Display the Xsan disk volumes visible to the local system. The display is grouped by <con-
troller> identity, and will indicate the "Active" or "Passive" nature of the path if the Raid
Controller has been recognized as configured in Active/Active mode with AVAT enabled.
proxy [long]
Display Disk Proxy servers and optionally display the disks they serve for this volume.
proxy who hostname
The "who" option displays all proxy connections for the specified host.
qos Display per-stripe group QOS statistics. Per-client QoS statistics are also displayed under
each qos-configured stripe group.
quit This command will disconnect cvadmin from the FSM and exit.
quotas Check to see if quotas are currently enabled on the selected volume. When quotas is enabled,
the meta-data controller must stay on either Windows or a non-Windows machine.
quotas get {user|group} name
Get current quota parameters for user or group name. The name field can also be an integer
such as -2 or 512 and will be interpreted as a uid (for user) or gid (for group). The values
for hard limit and soft limit are expressed in bytes. The value for time limit is expressed
in minutes.
quotas get {dir|dirfiles} path
Get current quota parameters for the DQNS whose root is path. The path is relative to the
root of the currently selected volume. For dir, the values for hard limit and soft limit are
expressed in bytes. For dirfiles, the values for hard and soft limit are expressed in number
of files. For both, the value for time limit is expressed in minutes. The path must have
already been made into a DQNS using the dirquotas command.
quotas set {user|group} name hardlim softlim timelim
Set current quota parameters for user or group name. The name field can also be an integer
such as -2 or 512 and will be interpreted as a uid (for user) or gid (for group). Setting the
hard limit (hardlim), soft limit (softlim), and time limit (timelim) to 0 disables quota
enforcement for that user or group. The values for hardlim and softlim are expressed in
bytes. The value for timelim is expressed in minutes.
quotas set {dir|dirfiles} path hardlim softlim timelim
Set current quota parameters for the DQNSs whose root is path. Setting the hard limit
(hardlim), soft limit (softlim), and time limit (timelim) to 0 disables quota enforcement for
that DQNS. For dir, the values for hard limit and soft limit are expressed in bytes. For
dirfiles, the values for hard and soft limit are expressed in number of files. For both, the
value for time limit is expressed in minutes. The path must have already been made into a
DQNS using the dirquotas command.
quotacheck
Recalculate the amount of space consumed by each user and group on the file system. This com-mand command
mand can be run on an active volume although file updates (writes, truncates, etc.) will be
delayed until quotacheck has completed.
quotareset
Like quotacheck, but deletes the quota database before performing the check. All limits will
be zeroed and all Directory Quota Name Spaces (DQNSs) will be destroyed. Before using this
command, it's best to be sure there is a recent quota_regen.in file in
/Library/Logs/Xsan/data/<volume_name>. This file can be fed to cvadmin to restore the limits
and DQNSs. Use with extreme caution.
ras enq event "detail string"
Generate an SNFS RAS event. For internal use only.
ras enq event reporting_FRU violating_FRU "detail string"
Generate a generic RAS event. For internal use only.
repquota
Generate quota reports for all users and groups in the volume. Three files are generated:
1. quota_report.txt - a "pretty" text file report.
2. quota_report.csv - a comma delimited report suitable
for Excel spreadsheets.
3. quota_regen.in - a list of cvadmin commands that can
be used to set up an identical quota database on
another Xsan volume.
repfl Generate a report that displays the file locks currently held. Note: this command is only
intended for debugging purposes by support personnel. In future releases, the format of the
report may change or the command may be removed entirely. Running the repfl command will write
out a report file and display the output filename.
repof Generate a report that displays all files that are currently open on each Xsan client. Only
file inode numbers and stat information are displayed, filenames are not displayed. Running
the repof command will write out a report file and display the output filename. In future
releases, the format of the report may change.
resetrpl [clear]
Repopulate Reverse Path Lookup (RPL) information. The optional clear argument causes existing
RPL data to be cleared before starting repopulation. Note: resetrpl is only available when
cvadmin is invoked with the -x option. Running resetrpl may significantly delay FSM activa-tion. activation.
tion. This command is not intended for general use. Only run resetrpl when recommended by
Technical Support.
restartd daemon [once]
Restart the daemon process. For internal use only.
select [volume_name|N]
Select an active FSM to view and modify. If no argument is specified, a numbered list of FSMs
and running utilities will be displayed. If there is only one active volume in the list, it
will automatically be selected.
When a running utility is displayed by the select command, it will show the following informa-tion. information.
tion. First the name of the file system is displayed. Following that, in brackets "[]", is the
name of the utility that is running. Third, a letter indicating the access type of the opera-tion. operation.
tion. The options here are (W) for read-write access, (R) for read-only access and (U) for
unique access. Finally, the location and process id of the running utility is displayed.
If volume_name is specified, then cvadmin will connect to the current active FSM for that vol-ume. volume.
ume. If N (a number) is specified, cvadmin will connect to the Nth FSM in the list. However,
only active FSMs may be selected in this form.
show [poolname] [long]
Display information about the storage pools associated with the selected volume. If a storage
pool name poolname is given only that storage pool's information will be given. Omitting the
poolname argument will display all storage pools associated with the active file system. Using
the long modifier will additionally display detailed information about the disk units associ-ated associated
ated with displayed storage pools.
start volume_name [on hostname_or_IP_address]
Start a File System Manager for the volume volume_name. When the command is running on an MDC
of an HA cluster, the local FSM is started, and then an attempt is made to start the FSM on
the peer MDC as identified by the /Library/Preferences/Xsan/ha_peer file. When the optional
hostname_or_IP_address is specified, the FSM is started on that MDC only. The volume's con-figuration configuration
figuration file must be operational and placed in /Library/Preferences/Xsan/<volume_name>.cfg
before invoking this command. See snfs_config(5) for information on how to create a configu-ration configuration
ration file for an Xsan volume.
startd daemon [once]
Start the daemon process. For internal use only.
stat Display the general status of the volume. The output will show the number of clients connected
to the volume. This count includes any administrative programs, such as cvadmin. Also shown
are some of the static file-system-wide values such as the block size, number of storage
pools, number of mirrored storage pools and number of disk devices. The output also shows
total blocks and free blocks for the entire volume.
stats client_IP_address [clear]
Display read/write statistics for the selected file system. This command connects to the host
FSMPM who then collects statistics from the file system client. The ten most active files by
bytes read and written and by the number of read/write requests are displayed. If the file
system is configured for reverse path lookup (RPL), then the file path is displayed. Other-wise, Otherwise,
wise, the files are identified by the inode number. If clear is specified, zero the stats
after printing.
stop volume_name [on hostname_or_IP_address]
Stop the File System Manager for volume_name. This will shut down the FSM for the specified
volume on every MDC. When the optional hostname or IP address is specified, the FSM is
stopped on that MDC only. Further operations to the volume will be blocked in clients until
an FSM for the volume is activated.
stopd daemon
Start the daemon process. For internal use only.
up poolname
Up the storage pool poolname. This will restore access to the storage pool.
who Query client list for the active volume. The output will show the following information for
each client.
SNFS I.D. - Client identifier
Type - Type of connection. The client types are:
FSM - File System Manager(FSM) process
ADM - Administrative(cvadmin) connection
CLI - Volume client connection. May be followed by a CLI
type character:
S - Disk Proxy Server
C - Disk Proxy Client
H - Disk Proxy Hybrid Client. This is a client that has
been configured as a proxy client but is operating
as a SAN client.
Location - The clients hostname or IP address
Up Time - The time since the client connection was initiated
License Expires - The date that the current client license will expire
EXAMPLES
Invoke the cvadmin command for FSM host cornice, volume named default.
spaceghost% cvadmin -H k4 -F xsan1
Xsan File System Administrator
Enter command(s)
For command help, enter "help" or "?".
List FSS
File System Services (* indicates service is in control of FS):
1>*xsan1[0] located on k4:32823 (pid 3988)
Select FSM "xsan1"
Created : Fri Jul 25 16:41:44 2003
Active Connections: 3
Fs Block Size : 4K
Msg Buffer Size : 4K
Disk Devices : 1
Stripe Groups : 1
Mirror Groups : 0
Fs Blocks : 8959424 (34.18 GB)
Fs Blocks Free : 8952568 (34.15 GB) (99%)
Show all the storage pools in the volume;
snadmin (xsan1) > show
Show stripe group(s) (File System "xsan1")
Stripe Group 0 [StripeGroup1] Status:Up,MetaData,Journal
Total Blocks:8959424 (34.18 GB) Free:8952568 (34.15 GB) (99%)
MultiPath Method:Rotate
Primary Stripe 0 [StripeGroup1] Read:Enabled Write:Enabled
Display the long version of the RegularFiles storage pool;
snadmin (xsan1) > show StripeGroup1 long
Show stripe group "StripeGroup1" (File System "xsan1")
Stripe Group 0 [StripeGroup1] Status:Up,MetaData,Journal
Total Blocks:8959424 (34.18 GB) Free:8952568 (34.15 GB) (99%)
MultiPath Method:Rotate
Stripe Depth:1 Stripe Breadth:16 blocks (64.00 KB)
Affinity Set:
Realtime limit IO/sec:0 (~0 mb/sec) Non-Realtime reserve IO/sec:0
Committed RTIO/sec:0 Non-RTIO clients:0 Non-RTIO hint IO/sec:0
Disk stripes:
Primary Stripe 0 [StripeGroup1] Read:Enabled Write:Enabled
Node 0 [disk002]
Down the storage pool named stripe1;
snadmin (xsan1) > down stripe1
Down Stripe Group "stripe1" (File System "xsan1")
Stripe Group 0 [stripe1] Status:Down,MetaData,Journal
Total Blocks:2222592 (8682 Mb) Free:2221144 (8676 Mb) (99%)
Mirrored Stripes:1 Read Method:Sticky
Primary Stripe 0 [stripe1] Read:Enabled Write:Enabled
Disable reads on the mirrored storage pool stripe1m.
snadmin (xsan1) > disable stripe1m read
Disable Stripe Group "stripe1m" (File System "xsan1")
Stripe Group 0 [stripe1] Status:Down,MetaData,Journal
Total Blocks:2222592 (8682 Mb) Free:2221144 (8676 Mb) (99%)
Mirrored Stripes:1 Read Method:Sticky
Primary Stripe 0 [stripe1] Read:Enabled Write:Enabled
FILES
/Library/Preferences/Xsan/*.cfg
SEE ALSO
cvfs(1), snfs_config(5), fsmpm(8), fsm(8), mount_acfs(1)
Xsan File System December 2011 CVADMIN(1M)
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