5.1.5.2. Dynamic System Variables

Many server system variables are dynamic and can be set at runtime using SET GLOBAL or SET SESSION. You can also obtain their values using SELECT. See Section 5.1.5, "Using System Variables".

The following table shows the full list of all dynamic system variables. The last column indicates for each variable whether GLOBAL or SESSION (or both) apply. The table also lists session options that can be set with the SET statement. Section 5.1.4, "Server System Variables", discusses these options.

Variables that have a type of "string" take a string value. Variables that have a type of "numeric" take a numeric value. Variables that have a type of "boolean" can be set to 0, 1, ON or OFF. (If you set them on the command line or in an option file, use the numeric values.) Variables that are marked as "enumeration" normally should be set to one of the available values for the variable, but can also be set to the number that corresponds to the desired enumeration value. For enumerated system variables, the first enumeration value corresponds to 0. This differs from ENUM columns, for which the first enumeration value corresponds to 1.

Table 5.4. Dynamic Variable Summary

Variable Name	Variable Type	Variable Scope
`audit_log_flush`	boolean	`GLOBAL`
`audit_log_policy`	enumeration	`GLOBAL`
`audit_log_rotate_on_size`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`auto_increment_increment`	numeric	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`auto_increment_offset`	numeric	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`autocommit`	boolean	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`automatic_sp_privileges`	boolean	`GLOBAL`
`big_tables`	boolean	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`binlog_cache_size`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`binlog_checksum`	string	`GLOBAL`
`binlog_direct_non_transactional_updates`	boolean	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`binlog_format`	enumeration	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`binlog_max_flush_queue_time`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`binlog_order_commits`	boolean	`GLOBAL`
`binlog_row_image=image_type`	enumeration	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`binlog_rows_query_log_events`	boolean	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`binlog_stmt_cache_size`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`bulk_insert_buffer_size`	numeric	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`character_set_client`	string	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`character_set_connection`	string	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`character_set_database`	string	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`character_set_filesystem`	string	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`character_set_results`	string	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`character_set_server`	string	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`collation_connection`	string	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`collation_database`	string	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`collation_server`	string	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`completion_type`	numeric	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`concurrent_insert`	boolean	`GLOBAL`
`connect_timeout`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`debug`	string	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`debug_sync`	string	`SESSION`
`default_storage_engine`	enumeration	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`default_tmp_storage_engine`	enumeration	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`default_week_format`	numeric	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`delay_key_write`	enumeration	`GLOBAL`
`delayed_insert_limit`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`delayed_insert_timeout`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`delayed_queue_size`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`div_precision_increment`	numeric	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`end_markers_in_json`	boolean	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`engine_condition_pushdown`	boolean	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`eq_range_index_dive_limit`	numeric	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`event_scheduler`	enumeration	`GLOBAL`
`expire_logs_days`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`flush`	boolean	`GLOBAL`
`flush_time`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`foreign_key_checks`	boolean	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`ft_boolean_syntax`	string	`GLOBAL`
`general_log`	boolean	`GLOBAL`
`general_log_file`	filename	`GLOBAL`
`group_concat_max_len`	numeric	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`gtid_next`	enumeration	`SESSION`
`gtid_purged`	string	`GLOBAL`
`host_cache_size`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`identity`	numeric	`SESSION`
`init_connect`	string	`GLOBAL`
`init_slave`	string	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_adaptive_flushing`	boolean	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_adaptive_flushing_lwm`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_adaptive_hash_index`	boolean	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_adaptive_max_sleep_delay`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_api_bk_commit_interval`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_api_trx_level`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_autoextend_increment`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_buffer_pool_dump_at_shutdown`	boolean	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_buffer_pool_dump_now`	boolean	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_buffer_pool_filename`	string	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_buffer_pool_load_abort`	boolean	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_buffer_pool_load_now`	boolean	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_change_buffer_max_size`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_change_buffering`	enumeration	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_checksum_algorithm`	enumeration	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_cmp_per_index_enabled`	boolean	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_commit_concurrency`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_compression_failure_threshold_pct`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_compression_level`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_compression_pad_pct_max`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_concurrency_tickets`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_disable_sort_file_cache`	boolean	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_fast_shutdown`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_file_format`	string	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_file_format_max`	string	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_file_per_table`	boolean	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_flush_log_at_timeout`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit`	enumeration	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_flush_neighbors`	enumeration	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_flushing_avg_loops`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_ft_aux_table`	string	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_ft_enable_diag_print`	boolean	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_ft_enable_stopword`	boolean	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_ft_num_word_optimize`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_ft_server_stopword_table`	string	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_ft_user_stopword_table`	string	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`innodb_io_capacity`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_io_capacity_max`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_large_prefix`	boolean	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_lock_wait_timeout`	numeric	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`innodb_log_compressed_pages`	boolean	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_lru_scan_depth`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct_lwm`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_max_purge_lag`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_max_purge_lag_delay`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_monitor_disable`	string	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_monitor_enable`	string	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_monitor_reset`	string	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_monitor_reset_all`	string	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_old_blocks_pct`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_old_blocks_time`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_online_alter_log_max_size`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_optimize_fulltext_only`	boolean	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_print_all_deadlocks`	boolean	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_purge_batch_size`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_random_read_ahead`	boolean	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_read_ahead_threshold`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_replication_delay`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_rollback_segments`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_spin_wait_delay`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_stats_auto_recalc`	boolean	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_stats_method`	enumeration	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_stats_on_metadata`	boolean	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_stats_persistent`	boolean	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_stats_persistent_sample_pages`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_stats_sample_pages`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_stats_transient_sample_pages`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_strict_mode`	boolean	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`innodb_support_xa`	boolean	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`innodb_sync_spin_loops`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_table_locks`	boolean	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`innodb_thread_concurrency`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_thread_sleep_delay`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`innodb_undo_logs`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`insert_id`	numeric	`SESSION`
`interactive_timeout`	numeric	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`join_buffer_size`	numeric	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`keep_files_on_create`	boolean	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`key_buffer_size`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`key_cache_age_threshold`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`key_cache_block_size`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`key_cache_division_limit`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`last_insert_id`	numeric	`SESSION`
`lc_messages`	string	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`lc_time_names`	string	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`local_infile`	boolean	`GLOBAL`
`lock_wait_timeout`	numeric	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`log`	string	`GLOBAL`
`log_output`	set	`GLOBAL`
`log_queries_not_using_indexes`	boolean	`GLOBAL`
`log_slow_admin_statements`	boolean	`GLOBAL`
`log_slow_queries`	boolean	`GLOBAL`
`log_slow_slave_statements`	boolean	`GLOBAL`
`log_throttle_queries_not_using_indexes`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`log_warnings`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`long_query_time`	numeric	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`low_priority_updates`	boolean	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`master_info_repository`	string	`GLOBAL`
`master_verify_checksum`	boolean	`GLOBAL`
`max_allowed_packet`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`max_binlog_cache_size`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`max_binlog_size`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`max_binlog_stmt_cache_size`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`max_connect_errors`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`max_connections`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`max_delayed_threads`	numeric	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`max_error_count`	numeric	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`max_heap_table_size`	numeric	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`max_insert_delayed_threads`	numeric	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`max_join_size`	numeric	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`max_length_for_sort_data`	numeric	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`max_prepared_stmt_count`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`max_relay_log_size`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`max_seeks_for_key`	numeric	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`max_sort_length`	numeric	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`max_sp_recursion_depth`	numeric	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`max_user_connections`	numeric	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`max_write_lock_count`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`min_examined_row_limit`	numeric	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`myisam_data_pointer_size`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`myisam_max_sort_file_size`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`myisam_repair_threads`	numeric	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`myisam_sort_buffer_size`	numeric	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`myisam_stats_method`	enumeration	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`myisam_use_mmap`	boolean	`GLOBAL`
`ndb_autoincrement_prefetch_sz`	numeric	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`ndb_blob_read_batch_bytes`	numeric	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`ndb_blob_write_batch_bytes`	numeric	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`ndb_cache_check_time`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`ndb_deferred_constraints`	boolean	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`ndb_deferred_constraints`	boolean	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`ndb_distribution={KEYHASH\|LINHASH}`	enumeration	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`ndb_distribution`	enumeration	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`ndb_extra_logging`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`ndb_force_send`	boolean	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`ndb_log_bin`	boolean	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`ndb_log_binlog_index`	boolean	`GLOBAL`
`ndb_log_empty_epochs`	boolean	`GLOBAL`
`ndb_log_empty_epochs`	boolean	`GLOBAL`
`ndb_log_update_as_write`	boolean	`GLOBAL`
`ndb_log_updated_only`	boolean	`GLOBAL`
`ndb_optimization_delay`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`ndb_recv_thread_cpu_mask`	bitmap	`GLOBAL`
`ndb_table_no_logging`	boolean	`SESSION`
`ndb_table_temporary`	boolean	`SESSION`
`ndb_use_exact_count`	boolean	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`ndb_use_transactions`	boolean	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`ndbinfo_max_bytes`	numeric	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`ndbinfo_max_rows`	numeric	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`ndbinfo_show_hidden`	boolean	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`ndbinfo_table_prefix`	string	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`net_buffer_length`	numeric	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`net_read_timeout`	numeric	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`net_retry_count`	numeric	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`net_write_timeout`	numeric	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`new`	boolean	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`old_alter_table`	boolean	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`old_passwords`	boolean	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`optimizer_join_cache_level`	numeric	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`optimizer_prune_level`	boolean	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`optimizer_search_depth`	numeric	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`optimizer_switch`	set	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`optimizer_trace`	string	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`optimizer_trace_features`	string	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`optimizer_trace_limit`	numeric	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`optimizer_trace_max_mem_size`	numeric	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`optimizer_trace_offset`	numeric	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`preload_buffer_size`	numeric	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`profiling`	boolean	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`profiling_history_size`	numeric	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`pseudo_slave_mode`	numeric	`SESSION`
`pseudo_thread_id`	numeric	`SESSION`
`query_alloc_block_size`	numeric	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`query_cache_limit`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`query_cache_min_res_unit`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`query_cache_size`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`query_cache_type`	enumeration	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`query_cache_wlock_invalidate`	boolean	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`query_prealloc_size`	numeric	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`rand_seed1`	numeric	`SESSION`
`rand_seed2`	numeric	`SESSION`
`range_alloc_block_size`	numeric	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`read_buffer_size`	numeric	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`read_only`	boolean	`GLOBAL`
`read_rnd_buffer_size`	numeric	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`relay_log_info_repository`	string	`GLOBAL`
`relay_log_purge`	boolean	`GLOBAL`
`relay_log_recovery`	boolean	`GLOBAL`
`rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled`	boolean	`GLOBAL`
`rpl_semi_sync_master_timeout`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`rpl_semi_sync_master_trace_level`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_no_slave`	boolean	`GLOBAL`
`rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled`	boolean	`GLOBAL`
`rpl_semi_sync_slave_trace_level`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`secure_auth`	boolean	`GLOBAL`
`server_id`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`slave_allow_batching`	boolean	`GLOBAL`
`slave_checkpoint_group=#`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`slave_checkpoint_period=#`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`slave_compressed_protocol`	boolean	`GLOBAL`
`slave_exec_mode`	enumeration	`GLOBAL`
`slave_max_allowed_packet`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`slave_net_timeout`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`slave_parallel_workers`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`slave_pending_jobs_size_max`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`slave_rows_search_algorithms=list`	set	`GLOBAL`
`slave_sql_verify_checksum`	boolean	`GLOBAL`
`slave_transaction_retries`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`slow_launch_time`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`slow_query_log`	boolean	`GLOBAL`
`slow_query_log_file`	filename	`GLOBAL`
`sort_buffer_size`	numeric	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`sql_auto_is_null`	boolean	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`sql_big_selects`	boolean	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`sql_big_tables`	boolean	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`sql_buffer_result`	boolean	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`sql_log_bin`	boolean	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`sql_log_off`	boolean	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`sql_low_priority_updates`	boolean	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`sql_max_join_size`	numeric	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`sql_mode`	set	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`sql_notes`	boolean	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`sql_quote_show_create`	boolean	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`sql_safe_updates`	boolean	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`sql_select_limit`	numeric	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`sql_slave_skip_counter`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`sql_warnings`	boolean	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`storage_engine`	enumeration	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`stored_program_cache`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`sync_binlog`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`sync_frm`	boolean	`GLOBAL`
`sync_master_info`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`sync_relay_log`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`sync_relay_log_info`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`table_definition_cache`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`table_open_cache`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`thread_cache_size`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`thread_pool_high_priority_connection`	numeric	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`thread_pool_max_unused_threads`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`thread_pool_prio_kickup_timer`	numeric	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`thread_pool_stall_limit`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`time_zone`	string	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`timed_mutexes`	boolean	`GLOBAL`
`timestamp`	numeric	`SESSION`
`tmp_table_size`	numeric	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`transaction_alloc_block_size`	numeric	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`transaction_allow_batching`	boolean	`SESSION`
`transaction_prealloc_size`	numeric	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`tx_isolation`	enumeration	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`tx_read_only`	boolean	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`unique_checks`	boolean	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`updatable_views_with_limit`	boolean	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`
`validate_password_length`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`validate_password_mixed_case_count`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`validate_password_number_count`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`validate_password_policy`	enumeration	`GLOBAL`
`validate_password_special_char_count`	numeric	`GLOBAL`
`wait_timeout`	numeric	`GLOBAL` \| `SESSION`