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GETATTRLIST(2) BSD System Calls Manual GETATTRLIST(2)
NAME
getattrlist, fgetattrlist -- get file system attributes
SYNOPSIS
#include <sys/attr.h>
#include <unistd.h>
int
getattrlist(const char* path, struct attrlist * attrList, void * attrBuf, size_t attrBufSize,
unsigned long options);
int
fgetattrlist(int fd, struct attrlist * attrList, void * attrBuf, size_t attrBufSize,
unsigned long options);
DESCRIPTION
The getattrlist() function returns attributes (that is, metadata) of file system objects.
getattrlist() works on the file system object named by path, while fgetattrlist() works on the provided
file descriptor fd. You can think of getattrlist() as a seriously enhanced version of stat(2). The
functions return attributes about the specified file system object into the buffer specified by attrBuf
and attrBufSize. The attrList parameter determines what attributes are returned. The options parame-ter parameter
ter lets you control specific aspects of the function's behavior.
The getattrlist() and fgetattrlist() functions are only supported by certain volume format implementa-tions. implementations.
tions. For maximum compatibility, client programs should use high-level APIs (such as the Carbon File
Manager) to access file system attributes. These high-level APIs include logic to emulate file system
attributes on volumes that don't support the calls.
Not all volumes support all attributes. See the discussion of ATTR_VOL_ATTRIBUTES for a discussion of
how to determine whether a particular volume supports a particular attribute.
Furthermore, you should only request the attributes that you need. Some attributes are expensive to
calculate on some volume formats. For example, ATTR_DIR_ENTRYCOUNT is usually expensive to calculate
on non-HFS [Plus] volumes. If you don't need a particular attribute, you should not ask for it.
The path parameter must reference a valid file system object. Read, write or execute permission of the
object itself is not required, but all directories listed in the path name leading to the object must
be searchable.
The attrList parameter is a pointer to an attrlist structure, as defined by <sys/attr.h> (shown below).
It determines what attributes are returned by the function. You are responsible for filling out all
fields of this structure before calling the function.
typedef u_int32_t attrgroup_t;
struct attrlist {
u_short bitmapcount; /* number of attr. bit sets in list */
u_int16_t reserved; /* (to maintain 4-byte alignment) */
attrgroup_t commonattr; /* common attribute group */
attrgroup_t volattr; /* volume attribute group */
attrgroup_t dirattr; /* directory attribute group */
attrgroup_t fileattr; /* file attribute group */
attrgroup_t forkattr; /* fork attribute group */
};
#define ATTR_BIT_MAP_COUNT 5
The fields of the attrlist structure are defined as follows.
bitmapcount Number of attribute bit sets in the structure. In current systems you must set this to
ATTR_BIT_MAP_COUNT.
reserved Reserved. You must set this to 0.
commonattr A bit set that specifies the common attributes that you require. Common attributes
relate to all types of file system objects. See below for a description of these
attributes.
volattr A bit set that specifies the volume attributes that you require. Volume attributes
relate to volumes (that is, mounted file systems). See below for a description of
these attributes. If you request volume attributes, path must reference the root of a
volume. In addition, you can't request volume attributes if you also request file or
directory attributes.
dirattr A bit set that specifies the directory attributes that you require. See below for a
description of these attributes.
fileattr A bit set that specifies the file attributes that you require. See below for a
description of these attributes.
forkattr A bit set that specifies the fork attributes that you require. Fork attributes relate
to the actual data in the file, which can be held in multiple named contiguous ranges,
or forks. See below for a description of these attributes.
Unless otherwise noted in the lists below, attributes are read-only. Attributes labelled as read/write
can be set using setattrlist(2).
The attrBuf and attrBufSize parameters specify a buffer into which the function places attribute val-ues. values.
ues. The format of this buffer is sufficiently complex that its description requires a separate sec-tion section
tion (see below). The initial contents of this buffer are ignored.
The options parameter is a bit set that controls the behaviour of the functions. The following option
bits are defined.
FSOPT_NOFOLLOW If this bit is set, getattrlist() will not follow a symlink if it occurs as the
last component of path.
FSOPT_REPORT_FULLSIZE The size of the attributes reported (in the first u_int32_t field in the
attribute buffer) will be the size needed to hold all the requested attributes;
if not set, only the attributes actually returned will be reported. This
allows the caller to determine if any truncation occurred.
FSOPT_PACK_INVAL_ATTRS If this is bit is set, then all requested attributes, even ones that are not
supported by the object or file system, will be returned. Default values will
be used for the invalid ones. Requires that ATTR_CMN_RETURNED_ATTRS be
requested.
ATTRIBUTE BUFFER
The data returned in the buffer described by attrBuf and attrBufSize is formatted as follows.
1. The first element of the buffer is a u_int32_t that contains the overall length, in bytes, of the
attributes returned. This size includes the length field itself.
2. Following the length field is a list of attributes. Each attribute is represented by a field of
its type, where the type is given as part of the attribute description (below).
3. The attributes are placed into the attribute buffer in the order that they are described below.
4. Each attribute is aligned to a 4-byte boundary (including 64-bit data types).
If the attribute is of variable length, it is represented in the list by an attrreference structure, as
defined by <sys/attr.h> (shown below).
typedef struct attrreference {
int32_t attr_dataoffset;
u_int32_t attr_length;
} attrreference_t;
This structure contains a 'pointer' to the variable length attribute data. The attr_length field is
the length of the attribute data (in bytes). The attr_dataoffset field is the offset in bytes from the
attrreference structure to the attribute data. This offset will always be a multiple of
sizeof(u_int32_t) bytes, so you can safely access common data types without fear of alignment excep-tions. exceptions.
tions.
The getattrlist() function will silently truncate attribute data if attrBufSize is too small. The
length field at the front of the attribute list always represents the length of the data actually
copied into the attribute buffer. If the data is truncated, there is no easy way to determine the
buffer size that's required to get all of the requested attributes. You should always pass an
attrBufSize that is large enough to accommodate the known size of the attributes in the attribute list
(including the leading length field).
Because the returned attributes are simply truncated if the buffer is too small, it's possible for a
variable length attribute to reference data beyond the end of the attribute buffer. That is, it's pos-sible possible
sible for the attribute data to start beyond the end of the attribute buffer (that is, if attrRef is a
pointer to the attrreference_t, ( ( (char *) attrRef ) + attr_dataoffset ) > ( ( (char *) attrBuf ) +
attrSize ) ) or, indeed, for the attribute data to extend beyond the end of the attribute buffer (that
is, ( ( (char *) attrRef ) + attr_dataoffset + attr_datalength ) > ( ( (char *) attrBuf ) + attrSize )
). If this happens you must increase the size of the buffer and call getattrlist() to get an accurate
copy of the attribute.
COMMON ATTRIBUTES
Common attributes relate to all types of file system objects. The following common attributes are
defined.
ATTR_CMN_RETURNED_ATTRS An attribute_set_t structure which is used to report which of the requested
attributes were actually returned. This attribute, when requested, will
always be the first attribute returned. By default, unsupported attributes
will be skipped (i.e. not packed into the output buffer). This behavior can
be over-ridden using the FSOPT_PACK_INVAL_ATTRS option flag. Only
getattrlist(2) supports this attribute ( getdirentriesattr(2) and searchfs(2)
do not support it ).
ATTR_CMN_NAME An attrreference structure containing the name of the file system object as
UTF-8 encoded, null terminated C string. The attribute data length will not
be greater than NAME_MAX + 1 characters, which is NAME_MAX * 3 + 1 bytes (as
one UTF-8-encoded character may take up to three bytes).
ATTR_CMN_DEVID A dev_t containing the device number of the device on which this file system
object's volume is mounted. Equivalent to the st_dev field of the stat
structure returned by stat(2).
ATTR_CMN_FSID An fsid_t structure containing the file system identifier for the volume on
which the file system object resides. Equivalent to the f_fsid field of the
statfs structure returned by statfs(2).
This value is not related to the file system ID from traditional Mac OS (for
example, the filesystemID field of the FSVolumeInfo structure returned by
Carbon's FSGetVolumeInfo() function). On current versions of Mac OS X that
value is synthesised by the Carbon File Manager.
ATTR_CMN_OBJTYPE An fsobj_type_t that identifies the type of file system object. The values
are taken from enum vtype in <sys/vnode.h>.
ATTR_CMN_OBJTAG An fsobj_tag_t that identifies the type of file system containing the object.
The values are taken from enum vtagtype in <sys/vnode.h>.
ATTR_CMN_OBJID An fsobj_id_t structure that uniquely identifies the file system object
within its volume. The fid_generation field of this structure will be zero
for all non-root callers (effective UID not 0). This identifier need not be
persistent across an unmount/mount sequence.
Some volume formats use well known values for the fid_objno field for the
root directory (2) and the parent of root directory (1). This is not a
required behaviour of this attribute.
ATTR_CMN_OBJPERMANENTID An fsobj_id_t structure that uniquely identifies the file system object
within its volume. The fid_generation field of this structure will be zero
for all non-root callers (effective UID not 0). This identifier should be
persistent across an unmount/mount sequence.
Some file systems (for example, original HFS) may need to modify the on-disk
structure to return a persistent identifier. If such a file system is
mounted read-only, an attempt to get this attribute will fail with the error
EROFS.
ATTR_CMN_PAROBJID An fsobj_id_t structure that identifies the parent directory of the file sys-tem system
tem object. The fid_generation field of this structure will be zero for all
non-root callers (effective UID not 0). Equivalent to the ATTR_CMN_OBJID
attribute of the parent directory. This identifier need not be persistent
across an unmount/mount sequence.
On a volume that supports hard links, a multiply linked file has no unique
parent. This attribute will return an unspecified parent.
For some volume formats this attribute is very expensive to calculate.
ATTR_CMN_SCRIPT (read/write) A text_encoding_t containing a text encoding hint for the file
system object's name. It is included to facilitate the lossless round trip
conversion of names between Unicode and traditional Mac OS script encodings.
The values are defined in <CarbonCore/TextCommon.h>. File systems that do
not have an appropriate text encoding value should return kTextEncodingMacU-nicode. kTextEncodingMacUnicode.
nicode. See DTS Q&A 1173 "File Manager Text Encoding Hints".
ATTR_CMN_CRTIME (read/write) A timespec structure containing the time that the file system
object was created.
ATTR_CMN_MODTIME (read/write) A timespec structure containing the time that the file system
object was last modified. Equivalent to the st_mtimespec field of the stat
structure returned by stat(2).
ATTR_CMN_CHGTIME (read/write) A timespec structure containing the time that the file system
object's attributes were last modified. Equivalent to the st_ctimespec field
of the stat structure returned by stat(2).
ATTR_CMN_ACCTIME (read/write) A timespec structure containing the time that the file system
object was last accessed. Equivalent to the st_atimespec field of the stat
structure returned by stat(2).
ATTR_CMN_BKUPTIME (read/write) A timespec structure containing the time that the file system
object was last backed up. This value is for use by backup utilities. The
file system stores but does not interpret the value.
ATTR_CMN_FNDRINFO (read/write) 32 bytes of data for use by the Finder. Equivalent to the con-catenation concatenation
catenation of a FileInfo structure and an ExtendedFileInfo structure (or, for
directories, a FolderInfo structure and an ExtendedFolderInfo structure).
These structures are defined in <CarbonCore/Finder.h>.
This attribute is not byte swapped by the file system. The value of multi-byte multibyte
byte fields on disk is always big endian. When running on a little endian
system (such as Darwin on x86), you must byte swap any multibyte fields.
ATTR_CMN_OWNERID (read/write) A uid_t containing the owner of the file system object. Equiva-lent Equivalent
lent to the st_uid field of the stat structure returned by stat(2).
ATTR_CMN_GRPID (read/write) A gid_t containing the group of the file system object. Equiva-lent Equivalent
lent to the st_gid field of the stat structure returned by stat(2).
ATTR_CMN_ACCESSMASK (read/write) A u_int32_t containing the access permissions of the file system
object. Equivalent to the st_mode field of the stat structure returned by
stat(2). Only the permission bits of st_mode are valid; other bits should be
ignored, e.g., by masking with ~S_IFMT.
ATTR_CMN_NAMEDATTRCOUNT A u_int32_t containing the number of named attributes of the file system
object.
ATTR_CMN_NAMEDATTRLIST An attrreference structure containing a list of named attributes of the file
system object. No built-in file systems on Mac OS X currently support named
attributes. Because of this, the structure of this attribute's value is not
yet defined.
ATTR_CMN_FLAGS (read/write) A u_int32_t containing file flags. Equivalent to the st_flags
field of the stat structure returned by stat(2). For more information about
these flags, see chflags(2).
The order that attributes are placed into the attribute buffer almost invari-ably invariably
ably matches the order of the attribute mask bit values. The exception is
ATTR_CMN_FLAGS. If its order was based on its bit position, it would be
before the ATTR_CMN_NAMEDATTRCOUNT / ATTR_CMN_NAMEDATTRLIST pair, however, it
is placed in the buffer after them.
ATTR_CMN_USERACCESS A u_int32_t containing the effective permissions of the current user (the
calling process's effective UID) for this file system object. You can test
for read, write, and execute permission using R_OK, W_OK, and X_OK, respec-tively. respectively.
tively. See access(2) for more details.
ATTR_CMN_EXTENDED_SECURITY
A variable-length object (thus an attrreference structure) containing a
kauth_filesec structure, of which only the ACL entry is used.
ATTR_CMN_UUID A guid_t of the owner of the file system object. Analoguous to
ATTR_CMN_OWNERID.
ATTR_CMN_GRPUUID A guid_t of the group to which the file system object belongs. Analoguous to
ATTR_CMN_GRPID.
ATTR_CMN_FILEID A u_int64_t that uniquely identifies the file system object within its vol-ume. volume.
ume.
ATTR_CMN_PARENTID A u_int64_t that identifies the parent directory of the file system object.
ATTR_CMN_FULLPATH An attrreference structure containing the full path (resolving all symlinks)
to the file system object as a UTF-8 encoded, null terminated C string. The
attribute data length will not be greater than PATH_MAX. Inconsistent behav-ior behavior
ior may be observed when this attribute is requested on hard-linked items,
particularly when the file system does not support ATTR_CMN_PARENTID
natively. Callers should be aware of this when requesting the full path of a
hard-linked item.
ATTR_CMN_ADDEDTIME A timespec that contains the time that the file system object was created or
renamed into its containing directory. Note that inconsistent behavior may
be observed when this attribute is requested on hard-linked items.
VOLUME ATTRIBUTES
Volume attributes relate to volumes (that is, mounted file systems). The following volume attributes
are defined.
ATTR_VOL_INFO For reasons that are not at all obvious, you must set ATTR_VOL_INFO in the
volattr field if you request any other volume attributes. This does not
result in any attribute data being added to the attribute buffer.
ATTR_VOL_FSTYPE A u_int32_t containing the file system type. Equivalent to the f_type field
of the statfs structure returned by statfs(2). Generally not a useful value.
ATTR_VOL_SIGNATURE A u_int32_t containing the volume signature word. This value is unique
within a given file system type and lets you distinguish between different
volume formats handled by the same file system. See <CarbonCore/Files.h> for
more details.
ATTR_VOL_SIZE An off_t containing the total size of the volume in bytes.
ATTR_VOL_SPACEFREE An off_t containing the free space on the volume in bytes.
ATTR_VOL_SPACEAVAIL An off_t containing the space, in bytes, on the volume available to non-priv-ileged non-privileged
ileged processes. This is the free space minus the amount of space reserved
by the system to prevent critical disk exhaustion errors. Non-privileged
programs, like a disk management tool, should use this value to display the
space available to the user.
ATTR_VOL_SPACEAVAIL is to ATTR_VOL_SPACEFREE as f_bavail is to f_bfree in
statfs(2).
ATTR_VOL_MINALLOCATION An off_t containing the minimum allocation size on the volume in bytes. If
you create a file containing one byte, it will consume this much space.
ATTR_VOL_ALLOCATIONCLUMP An off_t containing the allocation clump size on the volume, in bytes. As a
file is extended, the file system will attempt to allocate this much space
each time in order to reduce fragmentation.
ATTR_VOL_IOBLOCKSIZE A u_int32_t containing the optimal block size when reading or writing data.
Equivalent to the f_iosize field of the statfs structure returned by
statfs(2).
ATTR_VOL_OBJCOUNT A u_int32_t containing the number of file system objects on the volume.
ATTR_VOL_FILECOUNT A u_int32_t containing the number of files on the volume.
ATTR_VOL_DIRCOUNT A u_int32_t containing the number of directories on the volume.
ATTR_VOL_MAXOBJCOUNT A u_int32_t containing the maximum number of file system objects that can be
stored on the volume.
ATTR_VOL_MOUNTPOINT An attrreference structure containing the path to the volume's mount point as
a UTF-8 encoded, null terminated C string. The attribute data length will
not be greater than MAXPATHLEN. Equivalent to the f_mntonname field of the
statfs structure returned by statfs(2).
ATTR_VOL_NAME (read/write) An attrreference structure containing the name of the volume as
a UTF-8 encoded, null terminated C string. The attribute data length will
not be greater than NAME_MAX + 1.
This attribute is only read/write if the VOL_CAP_INT_VOL_RENAME bit is set in
the volume capabilities (see below).
ATTR_VOL_MOUNTFLAGS A u_int32_t containing the volume mount flags. This is a copy of the value
passed to the flags parameter of mount(2) when the volume was mounted.
Equivalent to the f_flags field of the statfs structure returned by
statfs(2).
ATTR_VOL_MOUNTEDDEVICE An attrreference structure that returns the same value as the f_mntfromname
field of the statfs structure returned by statfs(2). For local volumes this
is the path to the device on which the volume is mounted as a UTF-8 encoded,
null terminated C string. For network volumes, this is a unique string that
identifies the mount. The attribute data length will not be greater than
MAXPATHLEN.
ATTR_VOL_ENCODINGSUSED An unsigned long long containing a bitmap of the text encodings used on this
volume. For more information about this, see the discussion of
encodingsBitmap in DTS Technote 1150 "HFS Plus Volume Format".
ATTR_VOL_CAPABILITIES A vol_capabilities_attr_t structure describing the optional features sup-ported supported
ported by this volume. See below for a discussion of volume capabilities.
ATTR_VOL_UUID A uuid_t containing the file system UUID. Typically this will be a version 5
UUID.
ATTR_VOL_ATTRIBUTES A vol_attributes_attr_t structure describing the attributes supported by this
volume. This structure is discussed below, along with volume capabilities.
DIRECTORY ATTRIBUTES
The following directory attributes are defined.
ATTR_DIR_LINKCOUNT A u_int32_t containing the number of hard links to the directory; this does
not include the historical "." and ".." entries. For file systems that do
not support hard links to directories, this value will be 1.
ATTR_DIR_ENTRYCOUNT A u_int32_t containing the number of file system objects in the directory,
not including any synthetic items. The historical "." and ".." entries are
also excluded from this count.
ATTR_DIR_MOUNTSTATUS A u_int32_t containing flags describing what's mounted on the directory.
Currently the only flag defined is DIR_MNTSTATUS_MNTPOINT, which indicates
that there is a file system mounted on this directory.
Requested directory attributes are not returned for file system objects that are not directories.
FILE ATTRIBUTES
The following file attributes are defined.
ATTR_FILE_LINKCOUNT A u_int32_t containing the number of hard links to this file. Equivalent to
the st_nlink field of the stat structure returned by stat(2).
ATTR_FILE_TOTALSIZE An off_t containing the total number of bytes in all forks of the file (the
logical size).
ATTR_FILE_ALLOCSIZE An off_t containing a count of the bytes on disk used by all of the file's
forks (the physical size).
ATTR_FILE_IOBLOCKSIZE A u_int32_t containing the optimal block size when reading or writing this
file's data.
ATTR_FILE_CLUMPSIZE A u_int32_t containing the allocation clump size for this file, in bytes. As
the file is extended, the file system will attempt to allocate this much
space each time in order to reduce fragmentation. This value applies to the
data fork.
ATTR_FILE_DEVTYPE (read/write) A u_int32_t containing the device type for a special device
file. Equivalent to the st_rdev field of the stat structure returned by
stat(2).
ATTR_FILE_FILETYPE A u_int32_t that whose value is reserved. Clients should ignore its value.
New volume format implementations should not support this attribute.
ATTR_FILE_FORKCOUNT A u_int32_t containing the number of forks in the file. No built-in file
systems on Mac OS X currently support forks other than the data and resource
fork.
ATTR_FILE_FORKLIST An attrreference structure containing a list of named forks of the file. No
built-in file systems on Mac OS X currently support forks other than the data
and resource fork. Because of this, the structure of this attribute's value
is not yet defined.
ATTR_FILE_DATALENGTH An off_t containing the length of the data fork in bytes (the logical size).
ATTR_FILE_DATAALLOCSIZE An off_t containing a count of the bytes on disk used by the data fork (the
physical size).
ATTR_FILE_DATAEXTENTS An extentrecord array for the data fork. The array contains eight diskextent
structures which represent the first eight extents of the fork.
This attributes exists for compatibility reasons. New clients should not use
this attribute. Rather, they should use the F_LOG2PHYS command in fcntl(2).
In current implementations the value may not be entirely accurate for a vari-ety variety
ety of reasons.
ATTR_FILE_RSRCLENGTH An off_t containing the length of the resource fork in bytes (the logical
size).
ATTR_FILE_RSRCALLOCSIZE An off_t containing a count of the bytes on disk used by the resource fork
(the physical size).
ATTR_FILE_RSRCEXTENTS An extentrecord array for the resource fork. The array contains eight
diskextent structures which represent the first eight extents of the fork.
See also ATTR_FILE_DATAEXTENTS.
File attributes are used for any file system object that is not a directory, not just ordinary files.
Requested file attributes are not returned for file system objects that are directories.
FORK ATTRIBUTES
Fork attributes relate to the actual data in the file, which can be held in multiple named contiguous
ranges, or forks. The following fork attributes are defined.
ATTR_FORK_TOTALSIZE An off_t containing the length of the fork in bytes (the logical size).
ATTR_FORK_ALLOCSIZE An off_t containing a count of the bytes on disk used by the fork (the physi-cal physical
cal size).
Fork attributes are not properly implemented by any current Mac OS X volume format implementation. We
strongly recommend that client programs do not request fork attributes. If you are implementing a vol-ume volume
ume format, you should not support these attributes.
VOLUME CAPABILITIES
Not all volumes support all features. The ATTR_VOL_CAPABILITIES attribute returns a
vol_capabilities_attr_t structure (shown below) that indicates which features are supported by the vol-ume. volume.
ume.
typedef u_int32_t vol_capabilities_set_t[4];
#define VOL_CAPABILITIES_FORMAT 0
#define VOL_CAPABILITIES_INTERFACES 1
#define VOL_CAPABILITIES_RESERVED1 2
#define VOL_CAPABILITIES_RESERVED2 3
typedef struct vol_capabilities_attr {
vol_capabilities_set_t capabilities;
vol_capabilities_set_t valid;
} vol_capabilities_attr_t;
The structure contains two fields, capabilities and valid. Each consists of an array of four elements.
The arrays are indexed by the following values.
VOL_CAPABILITIES_FORMAT This element contains information about the volume format. See
VOL_CAP_FMT_PERSISTENTOBJECTIDS and so on, below.
VOL_CAPABILITIES_INTERFACES This element contains information about which optional functions are
supported by the volume format implementation. See
VOL_CAP_INT_SEARCHFS and so on, below.
VOL_CAPABILITIES_RESERVED1 Reserved. A file system implementation should set this element to
zero. A client program should ignore this element.
VOL_CAPABILITIES_RESERVED2 Reserved. A file system implementation should set this element to
zero. A client program should ignore this element.
The valid field contains bit sets that indicate which flags are known to the volume format implementa-tion. implementation.
tion. Each bit indicates whether the contents of the corresponding bit in the capabilities field is
valid.
The capabilities field contains bit sets that indicate whether a particular feature is implemented by
this volume format.
The following bits are defined in the first element (indexed by VOL_CAPABILITIES_FORMAT) of the
capabilities and valid fields of the vol_capabilities_attr_t structure.
VOL_CAP_FMT_PERSISTENTOBJECTIDS If this bit is set the volume format supports persistent object iden-tifiers identifiers
tifiers and can look up file system objects by their IDs. See
ATTR_CMN_OBJPERMANENTID for details about how to obtain these identi-fiers. identifiers.
fiers.
VOL_CAP_FMT_SYMBOLICLINKS If this bit is set the volume format supports symbolic links.
VOL_CAP_FMT_HARDLINKS If this bit is set the volume format supports hard links.
VOL_CAP_FMT_JOURNAL If this bit is set the volume format supports a journal used to speed
recovery in case of unplanned restart (such as a power outage or
crash). This does not necessarily mean the volume is actively using a
journal.
Introduced with Darwin 7.0 (Mac OS X version 10.3).
VOL_CAP_FMT_JOURNAL_ACTIVE If this bit is set the volume is currently using a journal for speedy
recovery after an unplanned restart. This bit can be set only if
VOL_CAP_FMT_JOURNAL is also set.
Introduced with Darwin 7.0 (Mac OS X version 10.3).
VOL_CAP_FMT_NO_ROOT_TIMES If this bit is set the volume format does not store reliable times for
the root directory, so you should not depend on them to detect
changes, identify volumes across unmount/mount, and so on.
Introduced with Darwin 7.0 (Mac OS X version 10.3).
VOL_CAP_FMT_SPARSE_FILES If this bit is set the volume format supports sparse files, that is,
files which can have 'holes' that have never been written to, and thus
do not consume space on disk. A sparse file may have an allocated
size on disk that is less than its logical length (that is,
ATTR_FILE_ALLOCSIZE < ATTR_FILE_TOTALSIZE ).
Introduced with Darwin 7.0 (Mac OS X version 10.3).
VOL_CAP_FMT_ZERO_RUNS For security reasons, parts of a file (runs) that have never been
written to must appear to contain zeroes. When this bit is set, the
volume keeps track of allocated but unwritten runs of a file so that
it can substitute zeroes without actually writing zeroes to the media.
This provides performance similar to sparse files, but not the space
savings.
Introduced with Darwin 7.0 (Mac OS X version 10.3).
VOL_CAP_FMT_CASE_SENSITIVE If this bit is set the volume format treats upper and lower case char-
acters in file and directory names as different. Otherwise an upper
case character is equivalent to a lower case character, and you can't
have two names that differ solely in the case of the characters.
Introduced with Darwin 7.0 (Mac OS X version 10.3).
VOL_CAP_FMT_CASE_PRESERVING If this bit is set the volume format preserves the case of file and
directory names. Otherwise the volume may change the case of some
characters (typically making them all upper or all lower case). A
volume that sets VOL_CAP_FMT_CASE_SENSITIVE must also set
VOL_CAP_FMT_CASE_PRESERVING.
Introduced with Darwin 7.0 (Mac OS X version 10.3).
VOL_CAP_FMT_FAST_STATFS This bit is used as a hint to upper layers (specifically the Carbon
File Manager) to indicate that statfs(2) is fast enough that its
results need not be cached by the caller. A volume format implementa-tion implementation
tion that caches the statfs(2) information in memory should set this
bit. An implementation that must always read from disk or always per-form perform
form a network transaction to satisfy statfs(2) should not set this
bit.
Introduced with Darwin 7.0 (Mac OS X version 10.3).
VOL_CAP_FMT_2TB_FILESIZE If this bit is set the volume format supports file sizes larger than
4GB, and potentially up to 2TB; it does not indicate whether the file
system supports files larger than that.
Introduced with Darwin 8.0 (Mac OS X version 10.4).
VOL_CAP_FMT_OPENDENYMODES If this bit is set, the volume format supports open deny modes (e.g.,
"open for read write, deny write").
VOL_CAP_FMT_HIDDEN_FILES If this bit is set, the volume format supports the UF_HIDDEN file
flag, and the UF_HIDDEN flag is mapped to that volume's native "hid-den" "hidden"
den" or "invisible" bit (e.g., the invisible bit from the Finder Info
extended attribute).
VOL_CAP_FMT_PATH_FROM_ID If this bit is set, the volume format supports the ability to derive a
pathname to the root of the file system given only the ID of an
object. This also implies that object IDs on this file system are
persistent and not recycled. Most file systems will not support this
capability.
VOL_CAP_FMT_NO_VOLUME_SIZES If this bit is set the volume format does not support determining val-ues values
ues for total data blocks, available blocks, or free blocks, as in
f_blocks, f_bavail, and f_bfree in the struct statfs returned by
statfs(2). Historically, those values were set to 0xFFFFFFFF for vol-umes volumes
umes that did not support them.
Introduced with Darwin 10.0 (Mac OS X version 10.6).
VOL_CAP_FMT_64BIT_OBJECT_IDS If this bit is set, the volume format uses object IDs that are 64-bit.
This means that ATTR_CMN_FILEID and ATTR_CMN_PARENTID are the only
legitimate attributes for obtaining object IDs from this volume and
the 32-bit fid_objno fields of the fsobj_id_t returned by
ATTR_CMN_OBJID, ATTR_CMN_OBJPERMANENTID, and ATTR_CMN_PAROBJID are
undefined.
The following bits are defined in the second element (indexed by VOL_CAPABILITIES_INTERFACES) of the
capabilities and valid fields of the vol_capabilities_attr_t structure.
VOL_CAP_INT_SEARCHFS If this bit is set the volume format implementation supports
searchfs(2).
VOL_CAP_INT_ATTRLIST If this bit is set the volume format implementation supports
getattrlist() and setattrlist(2).
VOL_CAP_INT_NFSEXPORT If this bit is set the volume format implementation allows this volume
to be exported via NFS.
VOL_CAP_INT_READDIRATTR If this bit is set the volume format implementation supports
getdirentriesattr(2).
VOL_CAP_INT_EXCHANGEDATA If this bit is set the volume format implementation supports
exchangedata(2).
Introduced with Darwin 7.0 (Mac OS X version 10.3).
VOL_CAP_INT_COPYFILE If this bit is set the volume format implementation supports the (pri-vate (private
vate and undocumented) copyfile() function. (This is not the
copyfile(3) function.)
Introduced with Darwin 7.0 (Mac OS X version 10.3).
VOL_CAP_INT_ALLOCATE If this bit is set the volume format implementation supports the
F_PREALLOCATE selector of fcntl(2).
Introduced with Darwin 7.0 (Mac OS X version 10.3).
VOL_CAP_INT_VOL_RENAME If this bit is set the volume format implementation allows you to mod-ify modify
ify the volume name using setattrlist(2).
Introduced with Darwin 7.0 (Mac OS X version 10.3).
VOL_CAP_INT_ADVLOCK If this bit is set the volume format implementation supports advisory
locking, that is, the F_GETLK, F_SETLK, and F_SETLKW selectors to
fcntl(2).
Introduced with Darwin 7.0 (Mac OS X version 10.3).
VOL_CAP_INT_FLOCK If this bit is set the volume format implementation supports whole
file locks. This includes flock(2) and the O_EXLOCK and O_SHLOCK
flags to open(2).
Introduced with Darwin 7.0 (Mac OS X version 10.3).
VOL_CAP_INT_EXTENDED_SECURITY If this bit is set the volume format implementation supports extended
security controls (ACLs).
Introduced with Darwin 8.0 (Mac OS X version 10.4).
VOL_CAP_INT_USERACCESS If this bit is set the volume format implementation supports the
ATTR_CMN_USERACCESS attribute.
Introduced with Darwin 8.0 (Mac OS X version 10.4).
VOL_CAP_INT_MANLOCK If this bit is set, the volume format implementation supports AFP-style AFPstyle
style mandatory byte range locks via ioctl(2).
VOL_CAP_INT_EXTENDED_ATTR If this bit is set, the volume format implementation supports native
extended attributes (see setxattr(2) ).
VOL_CAP_INT_NAMEDSTREAMS If this bit is set, the volume format implementation supports native
named streams.
A volume can also report which attributes it supports. This information is returned by the
ATTR_VOL_ATTRIBUTES attribute, which returns a vol_attributes_attr_t structure (shown below).
typedef struct attribute_set {
attrgroup_t commonattr; /* common attribute group */
attrgroup_t volattr; /* volume attribute group */
attrgroup_t dirattr; /* directory attribute group */
attrgroup_t fileattr; /* file attribute group */
attrgroup_t forkattr; /* fork attribute group */
} attribute_set_t;
typedef struct vol_attributes_attr {
attribute_set_t validattr;
attribute_set_t nativeattr;
} vol_attributes_attr_t;
The validattr field consists of a number of bit sets that indicate whether an attribute is supported by
the volume format implementation. The nativeattr is similar except that the bit sets indicate whether
an attribute is supported natively by the volume format. An attribute is supported natively if the
volume format implementation does not have to do any complex conversions to access the attribute. For
example, a volume format might support persistent object identifiers, but doing so requires a complex
table lookup that is not part of the core volume format. In that case, the ATTR_VOL_ATTRIBUTES
attribute would return ATTR_CMN_OBJPERMANENTID set in the validattr field of the vol_attributes_attr_t,
but not in the nativeattr field.
RETURN VALUES
Upon successful completion a value of 0 is returned. Otherwise, a value of -1 is returned and errno is
set to indicate the error.
COMPATIBILITY
Not all volumes support getattrlist(). The best way to test whether a volume supports this function is
to simply call it and check the error result. getattrlist() will return ENOTSUP if it is not supported
on a particular volume.
The getattrlist() function has been undocumented for more than two years. In that time a number of
volume format implementations have been created without a proper specification for the behaviour of
this routine. You may encounter volume format implementations with slightly different behaviour than
what is described here. Your program is expected to be tolerant of this variant behaviour.
If you're implementing a volume format that supports getattrlist(), you should be careful to support
the behaviour specified by this document.
ERRORS
getattrlist() and fgetattrlist() will fail if:
[ENOTSUP] The volume does not support the query.
[ENOTDIR] A component of the path prefix for getattrlist() is not a directory.
[ENAMETOOLONG] A component of a path name for getattrlist() exceeded NAME_MAX characters, or an
entire path name exceeded PATH_MAX characters.
[ENOENT] The file system object for getattrlist() does not exist.
[EBADF] The file descriptor argument for fgetattrlist() is not a valid file descriptor.
[EACCES] Search permission is denied for a component of the path prefix for getattrlist().
[ELOOP] Too many symbolic links were encountered in translating the pathname for
getattrlist().
[EFAULT] path, attrList or attrBuf points to an invalid address.
[EINVAL] The bitmapcount field of attrList is not ATTR_BIT_MAP_COUNT.
[EINVAL] You requested an invalid attribute.
[EINVAL] You requested an attribute that is not supported for this file system object.
[EINVAL] You requested volume attributes and directory or file attributes.
[EINVAL] You requested volume attributes but path does not reference the root of the volume.
[EROFS] The volume is read-only but must be modified in order to return this attribute.
[EIO] An I/O error occurred while reading from or writing to the file system.
CAVEATS
If you request any volume attributes, you must set ATTR_VOL_INFO in the volattr field, even though it
generates no result in the attribute buffer.
The order that attributes are stored in the attribute buffer almost invariably matches the order of
attribute mask bit values. For example, ATTR_CMN_NAME (0x00000001) comes before ATTR_CMN_DEVID
(0x00000002) because its value is smaller. However, you can not rely on this ordering because there is
one key exception: ATTR_CMN_FLAGS is placed after the ATTR_CMN_NAMEDATTRCOUNT / ATTR_CMN_NAMEDATTRLIST
pair, even though its bit position indicates that it should come before. This is due to a bug in an
early version of Mac OS X that can't be fixed for binary compatibility reasons. When ordering
attributes, you should always use the order in which they are described above.
The timespec structure is 64-bits (two 32-bit elements) in 32-bit code, and 128-bits (two 64-bit ele-ments) elements)
ments) in 64-bit code; however, it is aligned on a 4-byte (32-bit) boundary, even in 64-bit code.
If you use a structure for the attribute data, it must be correctly packed and aligned (see examples).
Inconsistent behavior may be observed when the ATTR_CMN_FULLPATH attribute is requested on hard-linked
items, particularly when the file system does not support ATTR_CMN_PARENTID natively. Callers should be
aware of this when requesting the full path of a hard-linked item, especially if the full path crosses
mount points.
For more caveats, see also the compatibility notes above.
EXAMPLES
The following code prints the file type and creator of a file, assuming that the volume supports the
required attributes.
#include <assert.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/attr.h>
#include <sys/errno.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/vnode.h>
typedef struct attrlist attrlist_t;
struct FInfoAttrBuf {
u_int32_t length;
fsobj_type_t objType;
char finderInfo[32];
} __attribute__((aligned(4), packed));
typedef struct FInfoAttrBuf FInfoAttrBuf;
static int FInfoDemo(const char *path)
{
int err;
attrlist_t attrList;
FInfoAttrBuf attrBuf;
memset(&attrList, 0, sizeof(attrList));
attrList.bitmapcount = ATTR_BIT_MAP_COUNT;
attrList.commonattr = ATTR_CMN_OBJTYPE | ATTR_CMN_FNDRINFO;
err = getattrlist(path, &attrList, &attrBuf, sizeof(attrBuf), 0);
if (err != 0) {
err = errno;
}
if (err == 0) {
assert(attrBuf.length == sizeof(attrBuf));
printf("Finder information for %s:\n", path);
switch (attrBuf.objType) {
case VREG:
printf("file type = '%.4s'\n", &attrBuf.finderInfo[0]);
printf("file creator = '%.4s'\n", &attrBuf.finderInfo[4]);
break;
case VDIR:
printf("directory\n");
break;
default:
printf("other object type, %d\n", attrBuf.objType);
break;
}
}
return err;
}
The following code is an alternative implementation that uses nested structures to group the related
attributes.
#include <assert.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stddef.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/attr.h>
#include <sys/errno.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/vnode.h>
typedef struct attrlist attrlist_t;
struct FInfo2CommonAttrBuf {
fsobj_type_t objType;
char finderInfo[32];
} __attribute__((aligned(4), packed));
typedef struct FInfo2CommonAttrBuf FInfo2CommonAttrBuf;
struct FInfo2AttrBuf {
u_int32_t length;
FInfo2CommonAttrBuf common;
} __attribute__((aligned(4), packed));;
typedef struct FInfo2AttrBuf FInfo2AttrBuf;
static int FInfo2Demo(const char *path)
{
int err;
attrlist_t attrList;
FInfo2AttrBuf attrBuf;
memset(&attrList, 0, sizeof(attrList));
attrList.bitmapcount = ATTR_BIT_MAP_COUNT;
attrList.commonattr = ATTR_CMN_OBJTYPE | ATTR_CMN_FNDRINFO;
err = getattrlist(path, &attrList, &attrBuf, sizeof(attrBuf), 0);
if (err != 0) {
err = errno;
}
if (err == 0) {
assert(attrBuf.length == sizeof(attrBuf));
printf("Finder information for %s:\n", path);
switch (attrBuf.common.objType) {
case VREG:
printf(
"file type = '%.4s'\n",
&attrBuf.common.finderInfo[0]
);
printf(
"file creator = '%.4s'\n",
&attrBuf.common.finderInfo[4]
);
break;
case VDIR:
printf("directory\n");
break;
default:
printf(
"other object type, %d\n",
attrBuf.common.objType
);
break;
}
}
return err;
}
The following example shows how to deal with variable length attributes. It assumes that the volume
specified by path supports the necessary attributes.
#include <assert.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stddef.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/attr.h>
#include <sys/errno.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/vnode.h>
typedef struct attrlist attrlist_t;
struct VolAttrBuf {
u_int32_t length;
u_int32_t fileCount;
u_int32_t dirCount;
attrreference_t mountPointRef;
attrreference_t volNameRef;
char mountPointSpace[MAXPATHLEN];
char volNameSpace[MAXPATHLEN];
} __attribute__((aligned(4), packed));
typedef struct VolAttrBuf VolAttrBuf;
static int VolDemo(const char *path)
{
int err;
attrlist_t attrList;
VolAttrBuf attrBuf;
memset(&attrList, 0, sizeof(attrList));
attrList.bitmapcount = ATTR_BIT_MAP_COUNT;
attrList.volattr = ATTR_VOL_INFO
| ATTR_VOL_FILECOUNT
| ATTR_VOL_DIRCOUNT
| ATTR_VOL_MOUNTPOINT
| ATTR_VOL_NAME;
err = getattrlist(path, &attrList, &attrBuf, sizeof(attrBuf), 0);
if (err != 0) {
err = errno;
}
if (err == 0) {
assert(attrBuf.length > offsetof(VolAttrBuf, mountPointSpace));
assert(attrBuf.length <= sizeof(attrBuf));
printf("Volume information for %s:\n", path);
printf("ATTR_VOL_FILECOUNT: %u\n", attrBuf.fileCount);
printf("ATTR_VOL_DIRCOUNT: %u\n", attrBuf.dirCount);
printf(
"ATTR_VOL_MOUNTPOINT: %.*s\n",
(int) attrBuf.mountPointRef.attr_length,
( ((char *) &attrBuf.mountPointRef)
+ attrBuf.mountPointRef.attr_dataoffset )
);
printf(
"ATTR_VOL_NAME: %.*s\n",
(int) attrBuf.volNameRef.attr_length,
( ((char *) &attrBuf.volNameRef)
+ attrBuf.volNameRef.attr_dataoffset )
);
}
return err;
}
The following sample demonstrates the need to use packing and alignment controls; without the
attribute, in 64-bit code, the fields of the structure are not placed at the locations that the kernel
expects.
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <err.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <sys/attr.h>
/* The alignment and packing attribute is necessary in 64-bit code */
struct AttrListTimes {
u_int32_t length;
struct timespec st_crtime;
struct timespec st_modtime;
} __attribute__((aligned(4), packed));
main(int argc, char **argv)
{
int rv;
int i;
for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
struct attrlist attrList;
struct AttrListTimes myStat = {0};
char *path = argv[i];
memset(&attrList, 0, sizeof(attrList));
attrList.bitmapcount = ATTR_BIT_MAP_COUNT;
attrList.commonattr = ATTR_CMN_CRTIME |
ATTR_CMN_MODTIME;
rv = getattrlist(path, &attrList, &myStat, sizeof(myStat), 0);
if (rv == -1) {
warn("getattrlist(%s)", path);
continue;
}
printf("%s: Modification time = %s", argv[i], ctime(&myStat.st_modtime.tv_sec));
}
return 0;
}
SEE ALSO
access(2), chflags(2), exchangedata(2), fcntl(2), getdirentriesattr(2), mount(2), searchfs(2),
setattrlist(2), stat(2), statfs(2)
HISTORY
A getattrlist() function call appeared in Darwin 1.3.1 (Mac OS X version 10.0).
Darwin October 14, 2004 Darwin
|
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