12.6.1. Arithmetic Operators

Table 12.11. Arithmetic Operators

Name	Description
`DIV`	Integer division
`/`	Division operator
`-`	Minus operator
`% or MOD`	Modulo operator
`+`	Addition operator
`*`	Multiplication operator
`-`	Change the sign of the argument

The usual arithmetic operators are available. The result is determined according to the following rules:

In the case of -, +, and *, the result is calculated with BIGINT (64-bit) precision if both operands are integers.
If both operands are integers and any of them are unsigned, the result is an unsigned integer. For subtraction, if the NO_UNSIGNED_SUBTRACTION SQL mode is enabled, the result is signed even if any operand is unsigned.
If any of the operands of a +, -, /, *, % is a real or string value, the precision of the result is the precision of the operand with the maximum precision.
In division performed with /, the scale of the result when using two exact-value operands is the scale of the first operand plus the value of the div_precision_increment system variable (which is 4 by default). For example, the result of the expression 5.05 / 0.014 has a scale of six decimal places (360.714286).

These rules are applied for each operation, such that nested calculations imply the precision of each component. Hence, (14620 / 9432456) / (24250 / 9432456), resolves first to (0.0014) / (0.0026), with the final result having 8 decimal places (0.60288653).

Because of these rules and the way they are applied, care should be taken to ensure that components and subcomponents of a calculation use the appropriate level of precision. See Section 12.10, "Cast Functions and Operators".

For information about handling of overflow in numeric expression evaluation, see Section 11.2.6, "Out-of-Range and Overflow Handling".

Arithmetic operators apply to numbers. For other types of values, alternative operations may be available. For example, to add date values, use DATE_ADD(); see Section 12.7, "Date and Time Functions".

+

Addition:
```
mysql> SELECT 3+5;        -> 8
```
-

Subtraction:
```
mysql> SELECT 3-5;        -> -2
```
-

Unary minus. This operator changes the sign of the operand.
```
mysql> SELECT - 2;        -> -2
```
Note

If this operator is used with a BIGINT, the return value is also a BIGINT. This means that you should avoid using - on integers that may have the value of –2⁶³.

*

Multiplication:

mysql> SELECT 3*5;        -> 15mysql> SELECT 18014398509481984*18014398509481984.0;        -> 324518553658426726783156020576256.0mysql> SELECT 18014398509481984*18014398509481984;        -> out-of-range error

The last expression produces an error because the result of the integer multiplication exceeds the 64-bit range of BIGINT calculations. (See Section 11.2, "Numeric Types".)

/

Division:
```
mysql> SELECT 3/5;        -> 0.60
```
Division by zero produces a NULL result:
```
mysql> SELECT 102/(1-1);        -> NULL
```
A division is calculated with BIGINT arithmetic only if performed in a context where its result is converted to an integer.
DIV

Integer division. Similar to FLOOR(), but is safe with BIGINT values.

In MySQL 5.6, if either operand has a noninteger type, the operands are converted to DECIMAL and divided using DECIMAL arithmetic before converting the result to BIGINT. If the result exceeds BIGINT range, an error occurs.
```
mysql> SELECT 5 DIV 2;        -> 2
```
N % M, N MOD M

Modulo operation. Returns the remainder of N divided by M. For more information, see the description for the MOD() function in Section 12.6.2, "Mathematical Functions".