GET [CURRENT | STACKED] DIAGNOSTICS {
    statement_information_item
    [, statement_information_item] ...
  | CONDITION condition_number
    condition_information_item
    [, condition_information_item] ...
}

statement_information_item:
    target = statement_information_item_name

condition_information_item:
    target = condition_information_item_name

statement_information_item_name: {
    NUMBER
  | ROW_COUNT
}

condition_information_item_name: {
    CLASS_ORIGIN
  | SUBCLASS_ORIGIN
  | RETURNED_SQLSTATE
  | MESSAGE_TEXT
  | MYSQL_ERRNO
  | CONSTRAINT_CATALOG
  | CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA
  | CONSTRAINT_NAME
  | CATALOG_NAME
  | SCHEMA_NAME
  | TABLE_NAME
  | COLUMN_NAME
  | CURSOR_NAME
}

condition_number, target:
    (see following discussion)

mysql> DROP TABLE test.no_such_table;
ERROR 1051 (42S02): Unknown table 'test.no_such_table'
mysql> GET DIAGNOSTICS CONDITION 1
         @p1 = RETURNED_SQLSTATE, @p2 = MESSAGE_TEXT;
mysql> SELECT @p1, @p2;
+-------+------------------------------------+
| @p1   | @p2                                |
+-------+------------------------------------+
| 42S02 | Unknown table 'test.no_such_table' |
+-------+------------------------------------+

Statement information:
  row count
  ... other statement information items ...
Condition area list:
  Condition area 1:
    error code for condition 1
    error message for condition 1
    ... other condition information items ...
  Condition area 2:
    error code for condition 2:
    error message for condition 2
    ... other condition information items ...
  Condition area 3:
    error code for condition 3
    error message for condition 3
    ... other condition information items ...

mysql> GET DIAGNOSTICS CONDITION 1
         @p5 = SCHEMA_NAME, @p6 = TABLE_NAME;
mysql> SELECT @p5, @p6;
+------+------+
| @p5  | @p6  |
+------+------+
|      |      |
+------+------+

GET DIAGNOSTICS CONDITION 1 @errno = MYSQL_ERRNO;

GET DIAGNOSTICS @cno = NUMBER;
GET DIAGNOSTICS CONDITION @cno @errno = MYSQL_ERRNO;

CREATE PROCEDURE do_insert(value INT)
BEGIN
  -- Declare variables to hold diagnostics area information
  DECLARE code CHAR(5) DEFAULT '00000';
  DECLARE msg TEXT;
  DECLARE nrows INT;
  DECLARE result TEXT;
  -- Declare exception handler for failed insert
  DECLARE CONTINUE HANDLER FOR SQLEXCEPTION
    BEGIN
      GET DIAGNOSTICS CONDITION 1
        code = RETURNED_SQLSTATE, msg = MESSAGE_TEXT;
    END;

  -- Perform the insert
  INSERT INTO t1 (int_col) VALUES(value);
  -- Check whether the insert was successful
  IF code = '00000' THEN
    GET DIAGNOSTICS nrows = ROW_COUNT;
    SET result = CONCAT('insert succeeded, row count = ',nrows);
  ELSE
    SET result = CONCAT('insert failed, error = ',code,', message = ',msg);
  END IF;
  -- Say what happened
  SELECT result;
END;

mysql> CALL do_insert(1);
+---------------------------------+
| result                          |
+---------------------------------+
| insert succeeded, row count = 1 |
+---------------------------------+

mysql> CALL do_insert(NULL);
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| result                                                                  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| insert failed, error = 23000, message = Column 'int_col' cannot be null |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS t1;
CREATE TABLE t1 (c1 TEXT NOT NULL);
DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS p;
delimiter //
CREATE PROCEDURE p ()
BEGIN
  -- Declare variables to hold diagnostics area information
  DECLARE errcount INT;
  DECLARE errno INT;
  DECLARE msg TEXT;
  DECLARE EXIT HANDLER FOR SQLEXCEPTION
  BEGIN
    -- Here the current DA is nonempty because no prior statements
    -- executing within the handler have cleared it
    GET CURRENT DIAGNOSTICS CONDITION 1
      errno = MYSQL_ERRNO, msg = MESSAGE_TEXT;
    SELECT 'current DA before mapped insert' AS op, errno, msg;
    GET STACKED DIAGNOSTICS CONDITION 1
      errno = MYSQL_ERRNO, msg = MESSAGE_TEXT;
    SELECT 'stacked DA before mapped insert' AS op, errno, msg;

    -- Map attempted NULL insert to empty string insert
    INSERT INTO t1 (c1) VALUES('');

    -- Here the current DA should be empty (if the INSERT succeeded),
    -- so check whether there are conditions before attempting to
    -- obtain condition information
    GET CURRENT DIAGNOSTICS errcount = NUMBER;
    IF errcount = 0
    THEN
      SELECT 'mapped insert succeeded, current DA is empty' AS op;
    ELSE
      GET CURRENT DIAGNOSTICS CONDITION 1
        errno = MYSQL_ERRNO, msg = MESSAGE_TEXT;
      SELECT 'current DA after mapped insert' AS op, errno, msg;
    END IF ;
    GET STACKED DIAGNOSTICS CONDITION 1
      errno = MYSQL_ERRNO, msg = MESSAGE_TEXT;
    SELECT 'stacked DA after mapped insert' AS op, errno, msg;
  END;
  INSERT INTO t1 (c1) VALUES('string 1');
  INSERT INTO t1 (c1) VALUES(NULL);
END;
//
delimiter ;
CALL p();
SELECT * FROM t1;

+---------------------------------+-------+----------------------------+
| op                              | errno | msg                        |
+---------------------------------+-------+----------------------------+
| current DA before mapped insert |  1048 | Column 'c1' cannot be null |
+---------------------------------+-------+----------------------------+

+---------------------------------+-------+----------------------------+
| op                              | errno | msg                        |
+---------------------------------+-------+----------------------------+
| stacked DA before mapped insert |  1048 | Column 'c1' cannot be null |
+---------------------------------+-------+----------------------------+

+----------------------------------------------+
| op                                           |
+----------------------------------------------+
| mapped insert succeeded, current DA is empty |
+----------------------------------------------+

+--------------------------------+-------+----------------------------+
| op                             | errno | msg                        |
+--------------------------------+-------+----------------------------+
| stacked DA after mapped insert |  1048 | Column 'c1' cannot be null |
+--------------------------------+-------+----------------------------+

+----------+
| c1       |
+----------+
| string 1 |
|          |
+----------+