модуль Bundler
Bundler обеспечивает единообразную среду для проектов Ruby, отслеживая и устанавливая именно те гемы и версии, которые необходимы.
Bundler входит в стандартную библиотеку Ruby.
Bundler используется следующим образом: создаются gemfiles со списком всех зависимостей проекта и (необязательно) их версий, а затем используется
require 'bundler/setup'
или Bundler.setup, чтобы настроить среду, в которой можно использовать только указанные гемы и их заданные версии.
Подробную документацию по созданию gemfiles и использованию сайта Bundler см. на Bundler.
Как часть стандартной библиотеки внутри проекта, Bundler можно использовать для анализа загруженных и подключённых модулей.
Константы
- ORIGINAL_ENV
- SUDO_MUTEX
Публичные методы класса
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 344 def app_cache(custom_path = nil) path = custom_path || root Pathname.new(path).join(settings.app_cache_path) end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 330
def app_config_path
if app_config = ENV["BUNDLE_APP_CONFIG"]
app_config_pathname = Pathname.new(app_config)
if app_config_pathname.absolute?
app_config_pathname
else
app_config_pathname.expand_path(root)
end
else
root.join(".bundle")
end
end # File lib/bundler.rb, line 183
def auto_install
return unless settings[:auto_install]
begin
definition.specs
rescue GemNotFound, GitError
ui.info "Automatically installing missing gems."
reset!
CLI::Install.new({}).run
reset!
end
end Автоматически устанавливает зависимости, если существует Bundler.settings[:auto_install]. Эта настройка задаётся командой конфигурации ‘bundle config set –global auto_install 1`.
Обратите внимание: этот метод обнуляет глобальный объект Definition с помощью `nil`, поэтому его следует вызывать первым, до создания таких объектов, как `Installer`, которые сохранят ссылку на старый объект.
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 173 def auto_switch self_manager.restart_with_locked_bundler_if_needed end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 121
def bin_path
@bin_path ||= begin
path = settings[:bin] || "bin"
path = Pathname.new(path).expand_path(root).expand_path
mkdir_p(path)
path
end
end Возвращает абсолютный путь к каталогу, в который устанавливаются исполняемые файлы-заглушки.
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 103 def bundle_path @bundle_path ||= Pathname.new(configured_bundle_path.path).expand_path(root) end
Возвращает абсолютный путь к каталогу файловой системы, в который устанавливаются гемы.
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 370
def clean_env
message =
"`Bundler.clean_env` has been deprecated in favor of `Bundler.unbundled_env`. " \
"If you instead want the environment before bundler was originally loaded, use `Bundler.original_env`"
removed_message =
"`Bundler.clean_env` has been removed in favor of `Bundler.unbundled_env`. " \
"If you instead want the environment before bundler was originally loaded, use `Bundler.original_env`"
Bundler::SharedHelpers.major_deprecation(2, message, removed_message: removed_message, print_caller_location: true)
unbundled_env
end @deprecated Используйте вместо него ‘unbundled_env`
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 441
def clean_exec(*args)
message =
"`Bundler.clean_exec` has been deprecated in favor of `Bundler.unbundled_exec`. " \
"If you instead want to exec to a command in the environment before bundler was originally loaded, use `Bundler.original_exec`"
removed_message =
"`Bundler.clean_exec` has been removed in favor of `Bundler.unbundled_exec`. " \
"If you instead want to exec to a command in the environment before bundler was originally loaded, use `Bundler.original_exec`"
Bundler::SharedHelpers.major_deprecation(2, message, removed_message: removed_message, print_caller_location: true)
with_env(unbundled_env) { Kernel.exec(*args) }
end @deprecated Используйте вместо него ‘unbundled_exec`
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 419
def clean_system(*args)
message =
"`Bundler.clean_system` has been deprecated in favor of `Bundler.unbundled_system`. " \
"If you instead want to run the command in the environment before bundler was originally loaded, use `Bundler.original_system`"
removed_message =
"`Bundler.clean_system` has been removed in favor of `Bundler.unbundled_system`. " \
"If you instead want to run the command in the environment before bundler was originally loaded, use `Bundler.original_system`"
Bundler::SharedHelpers.major_deprecation(2, message, removed_message: removed_message, print_caller_location: true)
with_env(unbundled_env) { Kernel.system(*args) }
end @deprecated Используйте вместо него ‘unbundled_system`
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 557
def clear_gemspec_cache
@gemspec_cache = {}
end # File lib/bundler.rb, line 89 def configure @configure ||= configure_gem_home_and_path end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 603 def configure_gem_home_and_path(path = bundle_path) configure_gem_path configure_gem_home(path) Bundler.rubygems.clear_paths end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 116 def configured_bundle_path @configured_bundle_path ||= settings.path.tap(&:validate!) end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 107
def create_bundle_path
mkdir_p(bundle_path) unless bundle_path.exist?
@bundle_path = bundle_path.realpath
rescue Errno::EEXIST
raise PathError, "Could not install to path `#{bundle_path}` " \
"because a file already exists at that path. Either remove or rename the file so the directory can be created."
end # File lib/bundler.rb, line 470 def default_bundle_dir SharedHelpers.default_bundle_dir end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 462 def default_gemfile SharedHelpers.default_gemfile end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 466 def default_lockfile SharedHelpers.default_lockfile end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 233
def definition(unlock = nil, lockfile = default_lockfile)
@definition = nil if unlock
@definition ||= begin
configure
Definition.build(default_gemfile, lockfile, unlock)
end
end Возвращает экземпляр Bundler::Definition для указанного Gemfile и файла блокировки
@param unlock [Hash, Boolean, nil] Запрошенные гемы
to be updated or true if all gems should be updated
@param lockfile [Pathname] Путь к Gemfile.lock @return [Bundler::Definition]
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 222 def environment SharedHelpers.major_deprecation 2, "Bundler.environment has been removed in favor of Bundler.load", print_caller_location: true load end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 566 def feature_flag @feature_flag ||= FeatureFlag.new(VERSION) end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 511
def find_executable(path)
extensions = RbConfig::CONFIG["EXECUTABLE_EXTS"]&.split
extensions = [RbConfig::CONFIG["EXEEXT"]] unless extensions&.any?
candidates = extensions.map {|ext| "#{path}#{ext}" }
candidates.find {|candidate| File.file?(candidate) && File.executable?(candidate) }
end # File lib/bundler.rb, line 241 def frozen_bundle? frozen = settings[:frozen] return frozen unless frozen.nil? settings[:deployment] end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 561
def git_present?
return @git_present if defined?(@git_present)
@git_present = Bundler.which("git")
end # File lib/bundler.rb, line 308
def home
bundle_path.join("bundler")
end # File lib/bundler.rb, line 312
def install_path
home.join("gems")
end # File lib/bundler.rb, line 218 def load @load ||= Runtime.new(root, definition) end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 538
def load_gemspec(file, validate = false)
@gemspec_cache ||= {}
key = File.expand_path(file)
@gemspec_cache[key] ||= load_gemspec_uncached(file, validate)
# Protect against caching side-effected gemspecs by returning a
# new instance each time.
@gemspec_cache[key]&.dup
end # File lib/bundler.rb, line 547 def load_gemspec_uncached(file, validate = false) path = Pathname.new(file) contents = read_file(file) spec = eval_gemspec(path, contents) return unless spec spec.loaded_from = path.expand_path.to_s Bundler.rubygems.validate(spec) if validate spec end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 457 def local_platform return Gem::Platform::RUBY if settings[:force_ruby_platform] Gem::Platform.local end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 248
def locked_gems
@locked_gems ||=
if defined?(@definition) && @definition
definition.locked_gems
elsif Bundler.default_lockfile.file?
lock = Bundler.read_file(Bundler.default_lockfile)
LockfileParser.new(lock)
end
end # File lib/bundler.rb, line 491
def mkdir_p(path)
SharedHelpers.filesystem_access(path, :create) do |p|
FileUtils.mkdir_p(p)
end
end # File lib/bundler.rb, line 365 def original_env ORIGINAL_ENV.clone end
@return [Hash] Окружение, существовавшее до активации Bundler
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 436
def original_exec(*args)
with_original_env { Kernel.exec(*args) }
end Запускает подкоманду с помощью ‘Kernel.exec` в окружении, существовавшем до активации Bundler
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 414
def original_system(*args)
with_original_env { Kernel.system(*args) }
end Запускает подкоманду в окружении, существовавшем до активации Bundler
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 483 def preferred_gemfile_name Bundler.settings[:init_gems_rb] ? "gems.rb" : "Gemfile" end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 519
def read_file(file)
SharedHelpers.filesystem_access(file, :read) do
File.open(file, "r:UTF-8", &:read)
end
end # File lib/bundler.rb, line 214 def require(*groups) setup(*groups).require(*groups) end
Настраивает окружение Bundler (см. Bundler.setup), если оно ещё не настроено, и загружает все гемы из указанных групп. В отличие от ::setup, этот метод можно вызывать несколько раз с разными группами (если они были разрешены при настройке).
Предположим, что Gemfile имеет следующий вид
gem 'first_gem', '= 1.0' group :test do gem 'second_gem', '= 1.0' end
Код будет работать следующим образом:
Bundler.setup # allow all groups Bundler.require(:default) # requires only first_gem # ...later Bundler.require(:test) # requires second_gem
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 570 def reset! reset_paths! Plugin.reset! reset_rubygems! end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 581 def reset_paths! @bin_path = nil @bundler_major_version = nil @bundle_path = nil @configure = nil @configured_bundle_path = nil @definition = nil @load = nil @locked_gems = nil @root = nil @settings = nil @setup = nil @user_home = nil end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 596 def reset_rubygems! return unless defined?(@rubygems) && @rubygems rubygems.undo_replacements rubygems.reset @rubygems = nil end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 576 def reset_settings_and_root! @settings = nil @root = nil end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 354 def rm_rf(path) FileUtils.remove_entry_secure(path) if path && File.exist?(path) end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 320
def root
@root ||= begin
SharedHelpers.root
rescue GemfileNotFound
bundle_dir = default_bundle_dir
raise GemfileNotFound, "Could not locate Gemfile or .bundle/ directory" unless bundle_dir
Pathname.new(File.expand_path("..", bundle_dir))
end
end # File lib/bundler.rb, line 258
def ruby_scope
"#{Bundler.rubygems.ruby_engine}/#{RbConfig::CONFIG["ruby_version"]}"
end # File lib/bundler.rb, line 525
def safe_load_marshal(data)
if Gem.respond_to?(:load_safe_marshal)
Gem.load_safe_marshal
begin
Gem::SafeMarshal.safe_load(data)
rescue Gem::SafeMarshal::Reader::Error, Gem::SafeMarshal::Visitors::ToRuby::Error => e
raise MarshalError, "#{e.class}: #{e.message}"
end
else
load_marshal(data, marshal_proc: SafeMarshal.proc)
end
end # File lib/bundler.rb, line 609
def self_manager
@self_manager ||= begin
require_relative "bundler/self_manager"
Bundler::SelfManager.new
end
end # File lib/bundler.rb, line 358 def settings @settings ||= Settings.new(app_config_path) rescue GemfileNotFound @settings = Settings.new end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 157
def setup(*groups)
# Return if all groups are already loaded
return @setup if defined?(@setup) && @setup
definition.validate_runtime!
SharedHelpers.print_major_deprecations!
if groups.empty?
# Load all groups, but only once
@setup = load.setup
else
load.setup(*groups)
end
end Активирует среду выполнения Bundler. После вызова Bundler.setup все load или require гемов будут разрешены только в том случае, если они указаны в Gemfile или входят в стандартную библиотеку Ruby. Если в Gemfile указаны версии, будут загружаться только эти версии.
Предположим, что Gemfile имеет следующий вид
gem 'first_gem', '= 1.0' group :test do gem 'second_gem', '= 1.0' end
Код, использующий Bundler.setup, работает следующим образом:
require 'third_gem' # allowed, required from global gems require 'first_gem' # allowed, loads the last installed version Bundler.setup require 'fourth_gem' # fails with LoadError require 'second_gem' # loads exactly version 1.0
Bundler.setup можно вызвать только один раз; все последующие вызовы ничего не делают.
Если указан список groups, будут разрешены только гемы из указанных групп (гемы, заданные вне групп, относятся к специальной группе :default).
Чтобы подключить все гемы из Gemfile (или только некоторые группы), см. Bundler.require.
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 316
def specs_path
bundle_path.join("specifications")
end # File lib/bundler.rb, line 474 def system_bindir # Gem.bindir doesn't always return the location that RubyGems will install # system binaries. If you put '-n foo' in your .gemrc, RubyGems will # install binstubs there instead. Unfortunately, RubyGems doesn't expose # that directory at all, so rather than parse .gemrc ourselves, we allow # the directory to be set as well, via `bundle config set --local bindir foo`. Bundler.settings[:system_bindir] || Bundler.rubygems.gem_bindir end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 349 def tmp(name = Process.pid.to_s) Kernel.send(:require, "tmpdir") Pathname.new(Dir.mktmpdir(["bundler", name])) end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 93 def ui (defined?(@ui) && @ui) || (self.ui = UI::Shell.new) end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 97 def ui=(ui) Bundler.rubygems.ui = UI::RGProxy.new(ui) @ui = ui end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 387 def unbundle_env! ENV.replace(unbundle_env(ENV)) end
Удаляет все переменные, связанные с bundler, из ENV
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 382 def unbundled_env unbundle_env(original_env) end
@return [Hash] Окружение без переменных, связанных с bundler
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 453
def unbundled_exec(*args)
with_env(unbundled_env) { Kernel.exec(*args) }
end Запускает подкоманду с помощью ‘Kernel.exec` в окружении без переменных, связанных с bundler
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 431
def unbundled_system(*args)
with_unbundled_env { Kernel.system(*args) }
end Запускает подкоманду в окружении без переменных, связанных с bundler
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 487 def use_system_gems? configured_bundle_path.use_system_gems? end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 286
def user_bundle_path(dir = "home")
env_var, fallback = case dir
when "home"
["BUNDLE_USER_HOME", proc { Pathname.new(user_home).join(".bundle") }]
when "cache"
["BUNDLE_USER_CACHE", proc { user_bundle_path.join("cache") }]
when "config"
["BUNDLE_USER_CONFIG", proc { user_bundle_path.join("config") }]
when "plugin"
["BUNDLE_USER_PLUGIN", proc { user_bundle_path.join("plugin") }]
else
raise BundlerError, "Unknown user path requested: #{dir}"
end
# `fallback` will already be a Pathname, but Pathname.new() is
# idempotent so it's OK
Pathname.new(ENV.fetch(env_var, &fallback))
end # File lib/bundler.rb, line 304
def user_cache
user_bundle_path("cache")
end # File lib/bundler.rb, line 262
def user_home
@user_home ||= begin
home = Bundler.rubygems.user_home
bundle_home = home ? File.join(home, ".bundle") : nil
warning = if home.nil?
"Your home directory is not set."
elsif !File.directory?(home)
"`#{home}` is not a directory."
elsif !File.writable?(home) && (!File.directory?(bundle_home) || !File.writable?(bundle_home))
"`#{home}` is not writable."
end
if warning
Bundler.ui.warn "#{warning}\n"
user_home = tmp_home_path
Bundler.ui.warn "Bundler will use `#{user_home}' as your home directory temporarily.\n"
user_home
else
Pathname.new(home)
end
end
end # File lib/bundler.rb, line 497
def which(executable)
executable_path = find_executable(executable)
return executable_path if executable_path
if (paths = ENV["PATH"])
quote = '"'
paths.split(File::PATH_SEPARATOR).find do |path|
path = path[1..-2] if path.start_with?(quote) && path.end_with?(quote)
executable_path = find_executable(File.expand_path(executable, path))
return executable_path if executable_path
end
end
end # File lib/bundler.rb, line 397
def with_clean_env
message =
"`Bundler.with_clean_env` has been deprecated in favor of `Bundler.with_unbundled_env`. " \
"If you instead want the environment before bundler was originally loaded, use `Bundler.with_original_env`"
removed_message =
"`Bundler.with_clean_env` has been removed in favor of `Bundler.with_unbundled_env`. " \
"If you instead want the environment before bundler was originally loaded, use `Bundler.with_original_env`"
Bundler::SharedHelpers.major_deprecation(2, message, removed_message: removed_message, print_caller_location: true)
with_env(unbundled_env) { yield }
end @deprecated Используйте вместо этого ‘with_unbundled_env`
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 392
def with_original_env
with_env(original_env) { yield }
end Выполняет блок с окружением, существовавшим до активации Bundler
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 409
def with_unbundled_env
with_env(unbundled_env) { yield }
end Выполняет блок, удалив все переменные, связанные с bundler
Приватные методы класса
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 679 def configure_gem_home(path) Bundler::SharedHelpers.set_env "GEM_HOME", path.to_s end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 670
def configure_gem_path
unless use_system_gems?
# this needs to be empty string to cause
# PathSupport.split_gem_path to only load up the
# Bundler --path setting as the GEM_PATH.
Bundler::SharedHelpers.set_env "GEM_PATH", ""
end
end # File lib/bundler.rb, line 654
def eval_gemspec(path, contents)
if contents.start_with?("---") # YAML header
eval_yaml_gemspec(path, contents)
else
# Eval the gemspec from its parent directory, because some gemspecs
# depend on "./" relative paths.
SharedHelpers.chdir(path.dirname.to_s) do
eval(contents, TOPLEVEL_BINDING.dup, path.expand_path.to_s)
end
end
rescue ScriptError, StandardError => e
msg = "There was an error while loading `#{path.basename}`: #{e.message}"
raise GemspecError, Dsl::DSLError.new(msg, path.to_s, e.backtrace, contents)
end # File lib/bundler.rb, line 648 def eval_yaml_gemspec(path, contents) Kernel.require "psych" Gem::Specification.from_yaml(contents) end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 642
def load_marshal(data, marshal_proc: nil)
Marshal.load(data, marshal_proc)
rescue TypeError => e
raise MarshalError, "#{e.class}: #{e.message}"
end # File lib/bundler.rb, line 683
def tmp_home_path
Kernel.send(:require, "tmpdir")
SharedHelpers.filesystem_access(Dir.tmpdir) do
path = Bundler.tmp
at_exit { Bundler.rm_rf(path) }
path
end
end # File lib/bundler.rb, line 618
def unbundle_env(env)
if env.key?("BUNDLER_ORIG_MANPATH")
env["MANPATH"] = env["BUNDLER_ORIG_MANPATH"]
end
env.delete_if {|k, _| k[0, 7] == "BUNDLE_" }
env.delete("BUNDLER_SETUP")
if env.key?("RUBYOPT")
rubyopt = env["RUBYOPT"].split(" ")
rubyopt.delete("-r#{File.expand_path("bundler/setup", __dir__)}")
rubyopt.delete("-rbundler/setup")
env["RUBYOPT"] = rubyopt.join(" ")
end
if env.key?("RUBYLIB")
rubylib = env["RUBYLIB"].split(File::PATH_SEPARATOR)
rubylib.delete(__dir__)
env["RUBYLIB"] = rubylib.join(File::PATH_SEPARATOR)
end
env
end # File lib/bundler.rb, line 693 def with_env(env) backup = ENV.to_hash ENV.replace(env) yield ensure ENV.replace(backup) end
@param env [Hash]
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