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POSTFIX(1)                                                                                        POSTFIX(1)



NAME
       postfix - Postfix control program

SYNOPSIS
       postfix [-Dv] [-c config_dir] command

DESCRIPTION
       This command is reserved for the superuser. To submit mail, use the Postfix sendmail(1) command.

       The postfix(1) command controls the operation of the Postfix mail system: start or stop the master(8)
       daemon, do a health check, and other maintenance.

       By default, the postfix(1) command sets up a standardized environment  and  runs  the  postfix-script
       shell script to do the actual work.

       However,  when  support for multiple Postfix instances is configured, postfix(1) executes the command
       specified with the multi_instance_wrapper configuration parameter.  This  command  will  execute  the
       command for each applicable Postfix instance.

       The following commands are implemented:

       check  Warn about bad directory/file ownership or permissions, and create missing directories.

       start  Start the Postfix mail system. This also runs the configuration check described above.

       stop   Stop the Postfix mail system in an orderly fashion. If possible, running processes are allowed
              to terminate at their earliest convenience.

              Note: in order to refresh the Postfix mail system after a configuration change, do not use the
              start and stop commands in succession. Use the reload command instead.

       abort  Stop the Postfix mail system abruptly. Running processes are signaled to stop immediately.

       flush  Force  delivery:  attempt  to  deliver  every  message  in  the deferred mail queue. Normally,
              attempts to deliver delayed mail happen at regular intervals, the interval doubling after each
              failed attempt.

              Warning:  flushing  undeliverable  mail frequently will result in poor delivery performance of
              all other mail.

       reload Re-read configuration files. Running processes terminate at their earliest convenience.

       status Indicate if the Postfix mail system is currently running.

       set-permissions [name=value ...]
              Set the ownership and permissions of Postfix related files and directories,  as  specified  in
              the postfix-files file.

              Specify name=value to override and update specific main.cf configuration parameters. Use this,
              for example, to change the mail_owner or setgid_group setting for an already installed Postfix
              system.

              This  feature is available in Postfix 2.1 and later.  With Postfix 2.0 and earlier, use "$con-fig_directory/post-install "$config_directory/post-install
              fig_directory/post-install set-permissions".

       upgrade-configuration [name=value ...]
              Update the main.cf and master.cf files with information that Postfix needs in  order  to  run:
              add or update services, and add or update configuration parameter settings.

              Specify name=value to override and update specific main.cf configuration parameters.

              This  feature is available in Postfix 2.1 and later.  With Postfix 2.0 and earlier, use "$con-fig_directory/post-install "$config_directory/post-install
              fig_directory/post-install upgrade-configuration".

       The following options are implemented:

       -c config_dir
              Read the main.cf and master.cf configuration files in  the  named  directory  instead  of  the
              default  configuration  directory.  Use this to distinguish between multiple Postfix instances
              on the same host.

              With Postfix 2.6 and later, this option forces the postfix(1) command to operate on the speci-fied specified
              fied  Postfix  instance only.  This behavior is inherited by postfix(1) commands that run as a
              descendant of the current process.

       -D (with postfix start only)
              Run each Postfix daemon under control of a debugger as specified via the debugger_command con-figuration configuration
              figuration parameter.

       -v     Enable  verbose logging for debugging purposes. Multiple -v options make the software increas-ingly increasingly
              ingly verbose.

ENVIRONMENT
       The postfix(1) command exports the following environment  variables  before  executing  the  postfix-script postfixscript
       script file:

       MAIL_CONFIG
              This is set when the -c command-line option is present.

              With Postfix 2.6 and later, this environment variable forces the postfix(1) command to operate
              on the specified Postfix instance only.  This behavior is  inherited  by  postfix(1)  commands
              that run as a descendant of the current process.

       MAIL_VERBOSE
              This is set when the -v command-line option is present.

       MAIL_DEBUG
              This is set when the -D command-line option is present.

CONFIGURATION PARAMETERS
       The  following  main.cf  configuration parameters are exported as environment variables with the same
       names:

       command_directory (see 'postconf -d' output)
              The location of all postfix administrative commands.

       daemon_directory (see 'postconf -d' output)
              The directory with Postfix support programs and daemon programs.

       config_directory (see 'postconf -d' output)
              The default location of the Postfix main.cf and master.cf configuration files.

       queue_directory (see 'postconf -d' output)
              The location of the Postfix top-level queue directory.

       mail_owner (postfix)
              The UNIX system account that owns the Postfix queue and most Postfix daemon processes.

       setgid_group (postdrop)
              The group ownership of set-gid Postfix commands and of group-writable Postfix directories.

       sendmail_path (see 'postconf -d' output)
              A Sendmail compatibility feature that specifies the location of the Postfix  sendmail(1)  com-mand. command.
              mand.

       newaliases_path (see 'postconf -d' output)
              Sendmail compatibility feature that specifies the location of the newaliases(1) command.

       mailq_path (see 'postconf -d' output)
              Sendmail compatibility feature that specifies where the Postfix mailq(1) command is installed.

       html_directory (see 'postconf -d' output)
              The location of Postfix HTML files that describe how to build, configure or operate a specific
              Postfix subsystem or feature.

       manpage_directory (see 'postconf -d' output)
              Where the Postfix manual pages are installed.

       readme_directory (see 'postconf -d' output)
              The  location  of Postfix README files that describe how to build, configure or operate a spe-cific specific
              cific Postfix subsystem or feature.

       Available in Postfix version 2.5 and later:

       data_directory (see 'postconf -d' output)
              The directory with Postfix-writable data files (for example: caches, pseudo-random numbers).

       Other configuration parameters:

       config_directory (see 'postconf -d' output)
              The default location of the Postfix main.cf and master.cf configuration files.

       import_environment (see 'postconf -d' output)
              The list of environment parameters that a Postfix process will import from a non-Postfix  par-ent parent
              ent process.

       syslog_facility (mail)
              The syslog facility of Postfix logging.

       syslog_name (see 'postconf -d' output)
              The  mail system name that is prepended to the process name in syslog records, so that "smtpd"
              becomes, for example, "postfix/smtpd".

       Available in Postfix version 2.6 and later:

       multi_instance_directories (empty)
              An optional list of non-default Postfix configuration directories; these directories belong to
              additional  Postfix  instances  that share the Postfix executable files and documentation with
              the default Postfix instance, and that are started, stopped, etc., together with  the  default
              Postfix instance.

       multi_instance_wrapper (empty)
              The  pathname of a multi-instance manager command that the postfix(1) command invokes when the
              multi_instance_directories parameter value is non-empty.

       multi_instance_group (empty)
              The optional instance group name of this Postfix instance.

       multi_instance_name (empty)
              The optional instance name of this Postfix instance.

       multi_instance_enable (no)
              Allow this Postfix instance to be started, stopped, etc., by a multi-instance manager.

FILES
       Prior to Postfix version 2.6, all of the following files were in $config_directory.  Some  files  are
       now  in $daemon_directory so that they can be shared among multiple instances that run the same Post-fix Postfix
       fix version.

       Use the command "postconf config_directory" or "postconf daemon_directory" to expand the  names  into
       their actual values.

       $config_directory/main.cf, Postfix configuration parameters
       $config_directory/master.cf, Postfix daemon processes
       $daemon_directory/postfix-files, file/directory permissions
       $daemon_directory/postfix-script, administrative commands
       $daemon_directory/post-install, post-installation configuration

SEE ALSO
       Commands:
       postalias(1), create/update/query alias database
       postcat(1), examine Postfix queue file
       postconf(1), Postfix configuration utility
       postfix(1), Postfix control program
       postkick(1), trigger Postfix daemon
       postlock(1), Postfix-compatible locking
       postlog(1), Postfix-compatible logging
       postmap(1), Postfix lookup table manager
       postmulti(1), Postfix multi-instance manager
       postqueue(1), Postfix mail queue control
       postsuper(1), Postfix housekeeping
       mailq(1), Sendmail compatibility interface
       newaliases(1), Sendmail compatibility interface
       sendmail(1), Sendmail compatibility interface

       Postfix configuration:
       bounce(5), Postfix bounce message templates
       master(5), Postfix master.cf file syntax
       postconf(5), Postfix main.cf file syntax
       postfix-wrapper(5), Postfix multi-instance API

       Table-driven mechanisms:
       access(5), Postfix SMTP access control table
       aliases(5), Postfix alias database
       canonical(5), Postfix input address rewriting
       generic(5), Postfix output address rewriting
       header_checks(5), body_checks(5), Postfix content inspection
       relocated(5), Users that have moved
       transport(5), Postfix routing table
       virtual(5), Postfix virtual aliasing

       Table lookup mechanisms:
       cidr_table(5), Associate CIDR pattern with value
       ldap_table(5), Postfix LDAP client
       memcache_table(5), Postfix memcache client
       mysql_table(5), Postfix MYSQL client
       nisplus_table(5), Postfix NIS+ client
       pcre_table(5), Associate PCRE pattern with value
       pgsql_table(5), Postfix PostgreSQL client
       regexp_table(5), Associate POSIX regexp pattern with value
       sqlite_table(5), Postfix SQLite database driver
       tcp_table(5), Postfix client-server table lookup

       Daemon processes:
       anvil(8), Postfix connection/rate limiting
       bounce(8), defer(8), trace(8), Delivery status reports
       cleanup(8), canonicalize and enqueue message
       discard(8), Postfix discard delivery agent
       dnsblog(8), DNS black/whitelist logger
       error(8), Postfix error delivery agent
       flush(8), Postfix fast ETRN service
       local(8), Postfix local delivery agent
       master(8), Postfix master daemon
       oqmgr(8), old Postfix queue manager
       pickup(8), Postfix local mail pickup
       pipe(8), deliver mail to non-Postfix command
       postscreen(8), Postfix zombie blocker
       proxymap(8), Postfix lookup table proxy server
       qmgr(8), Postfix queue manager
       qmqpd(8), Postfix QMQP server
       scache(8), Postfix connection cache manager
       showq(8), list Postfix mail queue
       smtp(8), lmtp(8), Postfix SMTP+LMTP client
       smtpd(8), Postfix SMTP server
       spawn(8), run non-Postfix server
       tlsmgr(8), Postfix TLS cache and randomness manager
       tlsproxy(8), Postfix TLS proxy server
       trivial-rewrite(8), Postfix address rewriting
       verify(8), Postfix address verification
       virtual(8), Postfix virtual delivery agent

       Other:
       syslogd(8), system logging

README FILES
       Use "postconf readme_directory" or "postconf html_directory" to locate this information.
       OVERVIEW, overview of Postfix commands and processes
       BASIC_CONFIGURATION_README, Postfix basic configuration
       ADDRESS_REWRITING_README, Postfix address rewriting
       SMTPD_ACCESS_README, SMTP relay/access control
       CONTENT_INSPECTION_README, Postfix content inspection
       QSHAPE_README, Postfix queue analysis

LICENSE
       The Secure Mailer license must be distributed with this software.

AUTHOR(S)
       Wietse Venema
       IBM T.J. Watson Research
       P.O. Box 704
       Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA

       TLS support by:
       Lutz Jaenicke
       Brandenburg University of Technology
       Cottbus, Germany

       Victor Duchovni
       Morgan Stanley

       SASL support originally by:
       Till Franke
       SuSE Rhein/Main AG
       65760 Eschborn, Germany

       LMTP support originally by:
       Philip A. Prindeville
       Mirapoint, Inc.
       USA.

       Amos Gouaux
       University of Texas at Dallas
       P.O. Box 830688, MC34
       Richardson, TX 75083, USA

       IPv6 support originally by:
       Mark Huizer, Eindhoven University, The Netherlands
       Jun-ichiro 'itojun' Hagino, KAME project, Japan
       The Linux PLD project
       Dean Strik, Eindhoven University, The Netherlands



                                                                                                  POSTFIX(1)